Host people

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Host colony is a term used in biology that is used in particular to identify colonies of ants and bees that are infected by parasites .

Anti-Semitic use

In the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th century, the term was used as a political slogan in biologism and essentialist- based social Darwinism under an anti-Semitic sign . During the time of National Socialism , the word was woven into a racially based dualism between “ Aryans ” and “ Jews ”, whereby the dazzling image of the “ Jewish parasite ” was identified with natural reality. The word was also worked into a metaphor of “ blood ” and “sap of life” of the “ people ”, which Jews would have targeted as personified “ vampires ”.

The anti-Semitic idea of ​​the host people is closely connected with the idea of ​​a “ people's body ”, although this idea has developed since the Western Middle Ages in the context of secularization processes together with a Christian - religiously interpreted blood metaphor . In an essay by Martin Luther from 1543 it can be read that the Italians would take “kitchen, cellar, box and bag” from the landlord - and he added: “The Jews, our guests, do the same to us; we are their landlords. "

The talk of the innkeeper was popularized in the 1880s by Heinrich von Treitschke , Eduard von Hartmann and Eugen Dühring .

During the Weimar Republic , the idea of ​​a host people played an important role in National Socialist propaganda . In 1924, in his work Mein Kampf , Adolf Hitler used a whole catalog of terms from biology and medicine to illustrate his racial theory , in order to translate them into malicious political metaphors . The metaphor of the host people was also included in their vocabulary. Taking up the traditional anti-Semitic image of the eternal Jew , Hitler wrote:

“It is and remains the eternal parasite , a parasite that, like a harmful bacillus, spreads more and more, and only invites you to use a favorable breeding ground. The effect of its existence, however, is also similar to that of parasites: wherever it occurs, the host population dies after a shorter or longer period of time. "

Between 1929 and 1931 Ulrich Fleischhauer , former lieutenant colonel of the " Imperial Army ", one of the main propagandists of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion published from 1923 by the NSDAP chief ideologist Alfred Rosenberg and editor of the internationally distributed magazine Welt-Dienst , published four of the planned six large-volume volumes of his programmatic reference work "Sigilla Veri". The content of these volumes, which, according to the first volume , were intended as the “basis for the science of the counter-race ”, was, according to the authors, a “Judaeology”, including “the tidings of the tricks, deceptions and disguises with which the Jew enters Host peoples bores ”, understood.

The publicist Karl Anton Rohan , who had hoped for a connection between Catholicism and National Socialism since the end of 1931 , has since committed himself to biological anti-Semitism, whereby he also focused on the topic of assimilation in 1932 in the magazine Europäische Revue . Rohan wrote:

“The Jewish question becomes political in the anti-Semitic sense only there and then when the host people feel harassed by the ' foreign ', 'other' in the 'Jewish'; be it that there are too many and too few assimilated Jews, be it that they exert too great an influence on public affairs and the economy, or that they play an unbearably important role in intellectual life for the host people. "

In the Nazi propaganda film The Eternal Jew , which was released during World War II , the anti-Semitic image of decomposition was taken to extremes. So it said in the accompanying word:

“Wherever there is a wound on a folk body, they attach themselves and draw their food from the decaying organism . They do their business with the diseases of the peoples and that is why they strive to deepen and perpetuate disease states . (...) That is where the enormous danger lies. Because even these assimilated Jews always remain foreign bodies in the organism of the host people, as much as they may look like them outwardly. "

In the same year, 1943, the writer Wilhelm Arp also took up the topic of assimilation, used the political symbol “Assimilation Jew” and brought it into connection with the image of the host people.

Science fiction literature

In the second half of the 20th century, the word in science fiction literature was also brought into connection with the horror picture of a mutant who outwardly “transforms” into a host people and “decomposes” them without losing their own being .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Walter Kirchner: The ants. Biology and behavior. Munich 2001, pp. 101 ff., ISBN 3-406-44752-X ; Sabine Steghaus-Kovac: bees, wasps and ants. Nürnberg 2004, p. 13 ff., ISBN 3-7886-0259-7 ; Steffen Wünsch: The mass death of the honeybee APIs mellifera. A discussion of possible causes. Munich 2008, p. 41 ff., ISBN 3-638-89605-6 .
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Benz : What is anti-Semitism? Munich 2004, p. 86, ISBN 3-406-52212-2 ; Ernst Wenisch: Memoirs and essays against National Socialism 1933-1938. Mainz 1994, p. 347, ISBN 3-7867-1737-0 .
  3. ↑ Manfred Brocker (Ed.): Unpeaceful Religions? The Political Violence and Conflict Potential of Religions. Wiesbaden 2005, p. 83, ISBN 3-531-14786-2 .
  4. ↑ Alexander Bein: "The Jewish Parasite". In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte , vol. 13 (1965), issue 2, p. 129 ( PDF ).
  5. ^ Rolf Giesen: The fantastic film. On the sociology of horror , science fiction and fantasy in the cinema. Part 2: Mythology. Schondorf (Ammersee) 1980, p. 259, ISBN 3-881-44214-6 .
  6. ↑ Eckhard Rohrmann: Myths and realities of being different. Social constructions since early modern times. Wiesbaden 2007, p. 94, ISBN 3-531-15527-X .
  7. ↑ Christina von Braun : fourth image: blood and blood shame . On the importance of blood in the anti-Semitic world of thought. In: Julius H. Schoeps / Joachim Schlör (eds.): Images of hostility towards Jews . Anti-Semitism - Prejudices and Myths. Augsburg 1999, p. 89, ISBN 3-8289-0734-2 .
  8. ↑ a b Alexander Bein: "The Jewish Parasite". In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte , vol. 13 (1965), issue 2, p. 128.
  9. ↑ Marcel Atze: "Our Hitler". The Hitler myth in the mirror of German-language literature after 1945. Göttingen 2003, p. 152, ISBN 3-89244-644-X .
  10. ↑ Quoted in: Karl-Volker Neugebauer (Ed.): Basic course in German military history. Vol. 2: The Age of World Wars. Munich / Oldenbourg 2007, p. 210, ISBN 3-486-58099-X . (Source: Hitler: Mein Kampf. Munich 1942, p. 333 ff.)
  11. ↑ Magnus Brechtken : Madagascar for the Jews. Anti-Semitic Idea and Political Practice 1885-1945. Munich 1997, p. 44 f., ISBN 3-486-56240-1 . (Source: Sigilla Veri, Vol. I, pp. 33 and 55.)
  12. ↑ Quoted in: Guido Müller: European social relations after the First World War. The Franco-German Study Committee and the European Cultural Association. Munich / Oldenbourg 2005, p. 400, ISBN 3-486-57736-0 . (Source: Karl Anton Rohan: Some comments on the Jewish question. In: Europäische Revue, Vol. 8 (1932), Vol. 2, p. 458.)
  13. ↑ Quoted in: Christina von Braun : Fourth image: Blood and blood shame . On the importance of blood in the anti-Semitic world of thought. In: Julius H. Schoeps / Joachim Schlör (eds.): Images of hostility towards Jews . Anti-Semitism - Prejudices and Myths. Augsburg 1999, p. 93.
  14. ↑ Volker Böhnigk: Cultural anthropology as race theory. National Socialist cultural philosophy from the point of view of the philosopher Erich Rothacker. Würzburg 2002, p. 50, ISBN 3-8260-2194-0 . (Source: Wilhelm Arp: German Education in the Struggle for Concepts and Shape of our Species Humanity. Leipzig 1943, p. 40.)
  15. ↑ Massimo Ferrari Zumbini: The Roots of Evil. Founding years of anti-Semitism - From the Bismarckian era to Hitler. Frankfurt a. M. 2003, p. 13, ISBN 3-465-03222-5 .