Vladimir Wassiljewitsch Markovnikov

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Vladimir Wassiljewitsch Markovnikov

Wladimir Wassiljewitsch Markownikow ( Russian Владимир Васильевич Марковников ; * December 13th July / December 25th  1837 greg. In Knjaginino ; † January 29th July / February 11th  1904 greg. ) Was a Russian chemist .

Life

Markovnikov first studied economics, then chemistry. After graduating, he became Alexander Butlerov's assistant at Kazan University and St. Petersburg University . From 1860 he spent two years studying in Germany with Emil Erlenmeyer and Hermann Kolbe ( University of Leipzig ). After returning to Russia he received his doctorate in 1869 and took over Butlerov's professorship at the University of Kazan. After a conflict at this university, he moved to Odessa University as a professor in 1871 and, two years later, to Moscow University , where he spent the rest of his academic career.

Scientific importance

Markovnikov is known for the historically significant Markovnikov rule named after him , which he developed in 1869 and which plays an important role in organic chemistry as an explanation of a reaction mechanism. He also discovered hydrocarbons in Caucasian petroleum, which he called naphthenes and recognized as cycloalkanes . He discovered compounds with carbon four-rings (1879) and seven-rings (1889).

The Markovnikov rule can lead to incorrect results, since the mesomerism stabilization of the intermediate carbenium ions - with a corresponding substitution pattern - is more important than the positive inductive effect of alkyl groups .

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personal data
SURNAME Markovnikov, Vladimir Vasilyevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Марковников, Владимир Васильевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian chemist
DATE OF BIRTH December 25, 1837
PLACE OF BIRTH Knjaginino
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1904