Woffenbach (Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate)
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Woffenbach
Large district town of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate
Coordinates: 49 ° 16 ′ 35 ″ N , 11 ° 26 ′ 10 ″ E
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| Height : | approx. 430 m |
| Residents : | 3339 (Jan 1, 2005) |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 92318 |
| Area code : | 09181 |
Woffenbach is a district of the large district town of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate . Until the municipal reform in 1972, the place was the administrative seat of the former municipality of Woffenbach, the largest municipality in the old district of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate.
location
Woffenbach is about 430 meters above sea level on the western edge of the city of Neumarkt. In the north, the Nuremberg – Regensburg railway line delimits the district, in the east the Kurt-Romstöck-Ring and the Volksfestplatz, in the west and south the Münchener Ring and Freystädter Straße form the border.
The Woffenbach of the same name arises at the former castle from the confluence of the Irlgraben and the Altweihergraben, both of which arise on the nearby Tyrolsberg. It flows from west to east through the district and divides it into a north and a south half and later merges into the Schwarzach in the Landesgartenschau-Park (LGS-Park) .
When people speak of the Woffenbach district today, they usually mean everything to the west of the railway line. However, this is not correct, the southeastern tip in the area Wallensteinstrasse, Max-Künzel-Str. and Adalbert-Stifter-Str. Has always belonged to the city of Neumarkt and is not located in the Woffenbach district, but in the Neumarkt district. In return, the houses east of the railway along Woffenbacher Straße between the railway line and the fairground belong to Woffenbach.
history
The beginnings of Woffenbach are in the dark. A first settlement can be assumed between the 8th and 11th centuries. Settlements with the ending "-bach" arose during this time on smaller streams and in less favorably situated valley towns. The first part of the place name "Woffen" indicates a person. A clan board with a similar sounding name will probably have given the name. In the following centuries a village and the Hofmark Woffenbach developed on the territory of the aristocratic Wolfstein-Sulzbürg family , who at that time ruled large parts of the Neumarkt area. In 1265, a Wolvelinus von Uffenbeck appears for the first time in a document as lord of the castle in Woffenbach. Three years later, Wolframus and Henricus de Wophenbach made a promise to protect Sulzbürg Castle. Ulrich von Wolfstein-Sulzbürg bequeathed all of his goods in Woffenbach to the Teutonic Order in Nuremberg in 1283 . In 1287 Hartungus Swepherman and then in 1294 a Seyfried Schweppermann is mentioned as the owner of the castle. With Kaspar Schweppermann, the mayor of Neumarkt, this family still owns parts of Woffenbach in 1419. It should be noted that the entire village never belonged to the owner of the noblemen's seat in Woffenbach. Often there are foreign owners of farms such as the Teutonic Order . In 1348 the plague raged in Woffenbach and claimed numerous lives here as well.
From 1432 the history of Woffenbach becomes more concrete for the first time. Count Palatine Otto I. von Neumarkt buys numerous farms south of the Woffenbach from the German rulers and subordinates them to the Neumarkt office. Goods located north of the stream are lent to the knight Hermann Freudenberger, who is now the lord of the castle. This created the division of Woffenbach into the goods belonging to the castle north of the brook and the courtyards belonging to the Neumarkt caste office on the other side. This also corresponds to the parish affiliation. The castle and the courtyards to the north belonged to Pölling , the rest mostly to Neumarkt and some to Berngau . The owners from the Freudenberg family name Heinrich von Freudenberg in 1435, Georg von Freudenberg from 1487 to 1497 and Martin von Freudenberg until 1504.
When Neumarkt was besieged in the Landshut War of Succession in 1504, Woffenbach was also seriously devastated by Nuremberg troops . In 1516 more than half of the village was devastated.
In 1504 Sebastian Spiegel von Allersdorf became the owner of the palace, and in 1530 a distant relative, Magarethe von Allersdorf, inherited him. The time of religious confusion begins. Neumarkt became Protestant in 1537, followed by Pölling and Berngau in 1543 and 1554 . The next change of religion follows 1582. Count Palatine John Casimir can Neumarkt and Pölling calvinisieren, Berngau remains Reformation.
Castle owners at this time have been the Pockensteiners since 1546/48, under whom the castle property is completely run down and has been advertised for sale for years.
It was not until 1602 that the mayor of Neumarkt , Hanns Georg von Rumrodt, bought the Woffenbach Castle and began extensive renovations. Rumrodt is drawing more and more the anger of the Woffenbach population, not only forcing them to work on the renovation, but also redistributing several farms.
The Thirty Years War affects Woffenbach badly. From 1620 on, soldiers from both camps kept quartered in Woffenbach. Swedish troops in particular cause severe destruction, with murder and rape being the order of the day. In 1648 only 10 of the former 43 families are left. From 1660 the castle and the church are rebuilt under Johann Christoph Zeiller. In 1699, after economic disputes with the city of Neumarkt, a brewing ban is pronounced against Woffenbach. In the coalition wars , the occupation of Neumarkt in 1796 was again severely damaged by French troops.
In 1834 the Hofmarkgericht Woffenbach is subordinated to the district court in Neumarkt, in 1878 the local volunteer fire brigade is founded. In 1879 Georg Tischner acquired the castle chapel and donated it to the Woffenbach community. It has been used as a Protestant church since 1967. For 1905, 250 inhabitants are registered in Woffenbach who live in 56 houses.
After several different owners, Baron Ludwig von Gemmingen-Hornberg (1901–1978) took over the Woffenbach Castle in 1937 . On April 17, 1945, the fighting of the Second World War reached the place, it was destroyed by artillery fire.
After the war, the situation quickly normalized again, and Woffenbach developed into the largest municipality in the Neumarkt district. The community name Tyrolsberg , which was valid until then , is officially changed to Woffenbach on January 5, 1950 . The Bavarian Red Cross took over the castle in 1950 and set up a retirement home in the main building. The former lord of the castle, Baron von Gemmingen, was the second mayor of Woffenbach from 1956 to 1964. During this time he had a significant influence on the development of the community by ceding numerous pieces of land cheaply, on which, among other things, the district building yard, the municipal gardening department and the town cemetery were built. In 1964 he sold the rest of his Woffenbach property and was later made an honorary citizen of Neumarkt.
In 1950 the Ball-Spiel-Club (BSC) Woffenbach was founded in the Gasthaus Hiereth under the direction of Georg Fuchs. In 1951 the construction of the first school house began, in 1959 a public water supply with sewer system was set up. In 1966, the newly built Catholic Church of St. Willibald is consecrated by the Eichstätter Bishop Joseph Schröffer . In 1967, an independent parish was set up for the parish of Woffenbach, which previously belonged to the Pölling parish.
The regional reform, which came into force on July 1, 1972, means that the old district of Neumarkt is restructured. Neumarkt loses its independent status and becomes a major district town. The municipality of Woffenbach with 2252 inhabitants becomes a new district of Neumarkt, only Tyrolsberg comes to the municipality of Berngau . In the same year, the town wins the district winner of the competition Our village should become more beautiful . In 1984 Woffenbach was named the most tree-friendly district of Neumarkt .
750 years of local and district history will be celebrated in 2015. For this purpose, an extensive district chronicle is created.
Population development
A first value appears in 1648 after the Thirty Years' War: According to this, 43 families lived in Woffenbach before the war, after that only 10. The population only increased significantly after the Second World War, when the territorial reform on July 1, 1972, Woffenbach was the largest municipality in Old district of Neumarkt.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1905 | 250 |
| 1945 | 780 |
| 1950 | 848 |
| 1962 | 1580 |
| June 30, 1972 | 2252 |
| January 1, 2005 | 3339 |
Transport and infrastructure
The district of Woffenbach has its own elementary school and kindergarten. In the center of the district there are banks and shops for everyday needs. Two city bus routes ( 569 and 570 ) lead to the city center and the train station. In the course of the realization of a S-Bahn line from Nuremberg to Neumarkt, a new Neumarkt-Woffenbach station was initially planned, but this was postponed by a city council resolution after residents protests.
Woffenbach is connected to the city center via Freystädter Strasse and Woffenbacher Strasse , and three junctions at the city bypass lead to Woffenbach.
literature
- Josef Seger: From the history of the village of Woffenbach . In: Festschrift for the flag consecration and the 35th anniversary of the Woffenbach shooting club in 2001.
- City of Neumarkt idOpf. (Ed.): Woffenbach. A journey through the history of a district. VDS publishing house Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch 2015, ISBN 3-938545-02-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 534 .
- ↑ City Neumarkt idOpf. (Ed.): Woffenbach. A journey through the history of a district. VDS publishing house Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch 2015, ISBN 3-938545-02-X .
Altenhof | Frickenhofen | Hasenheide | Höhenberg | Höhenberg im Tal | Holzheim | Ischhofen | Coal Well Mill | Labersricht | Lampertshofen | Lippertshofen | Lähr | Mills | Pelchenhofen | Polling | Rittershof | Rödelberg | St. Helena | Stauf | Woffenbach | Wolfstein