Züllchower institutions

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The Züllchower Anstalten in Züllchow near Stettin were a diaconal institution. It was opened as the Züllchower rescue house on August 2, 1831. 19 years later, on November 17, 1850 , the Pomeranian Diakonenanstalt was connected to the Züllchower rescue house. The official renaming to Züllchower Anstalten took place in 1893. In 1931 the institutes were closed; after the Second World War , the Züssower Diakonieanstalten emerged from this .

Foundation and expansion

Inspired by the ideas of the Swiss educator Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi , the Pomeranian President Johann August Sack founded an association on May 15, 1830 for the education of morally neglected children in Stettin. He arranged for the purchase of the consul Lutzesche property in the nearby fishing village of Züllchow opposite Tilebein Castle. This is where the Züllchower rescue house was built based on the model of the Kopf educational institution in Berlin , after a rescue house had already been opened in Köslin in 1830 .

The Lutzesche Villa was rebuilt and opened on August 3, 1831 with a prayer from Bishop Carl Ritschl . The initiator Johann August Sack had died a few weeks earlier. The direction was taken over by the teacher Dietze from the Kopf School of Education in Berlin. At first, 30 children were housed in the rescue center, mostly boys. When Dietze died in 1846, the Rauhäusler Schmidt became the householder in 1847 (after a brief interim management by the Stettin senior teacher Schultz) .

In 1849 the "father of the Inner Mission ", Johann Hinrich Wichern , the founder of the Hamburg Rauhen Haus, visited Stettin and won groups in the city and the province for the Inner Mission . Pomeranian associations of the Inner Mission were formed. A Pomeranian brotherhood was set up; the Züllchow rescue house was converted into a brothers and sisters and children's institution based on Wichern's principles. The inauguration of the new Pomeranian Brothers House in 1850 was carried out by Bishop Ritschl. From 1850 to 1858, the Wichern student Wilhelm Quistorp managed the facilities.

The Jahn era

In 1858 the edification writer Gustav Jahn (1818–1888) was appointed head of the institution. He reorganized the institutions and opened up new sources of income (agriculture, gardening, art publishing and toys). New houses (e.g. the Kückenmühle ) were bought or built in order to meet the needs (such as looking after the "feeble-minded" or epileptics). As a result of the compulsory education law of March 13, 1878, the institutions expanded again. In the 1880s the house had 120 seats. A branch for a further 25–30 children was set up in the neighboring town of Warsow.

Gustav's son Fritz Jahn (1863–1931), a senior helper since 1886, took over management in 1890. After the Welfare Education Act of July 2, 1900, another branch for 120 schoolchildren was built in Warsow. The old Warsower institution was converted into an apprentice home with a workshop for 20 apprentices in 1912. In 1905 a branch was opened in Boock near Löcknitz for 20 weak school-leavers. The main facility in Züllchow was also expanded to include branches in Sellacksheim and Grensingshof. Educational work like the fraternity blossomed. The direct management of the institution in Züllchow was given to Pastor Stelter in 1909.

In the First World War, 12 deacons died. The educational institutions were overcrowded, there was a lack of suitable educational staff. In the post-war period with revolution and inflation , it became even more difficult to generate significant income from agriculture, art and commercial gardening, and the Christmas industry. The houses (main institute in Züllchow with rescue house and deacon's institute, branches in Warsow and Boock) had suffered during the war, and some of them were clearly under-occupied. The demands on the educational institutions and on the deaconry grew, but there was a lack of money. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary they called for donations. The main facility was in dire need of repair. The prayer room and organ had to be renewed, as did the sanitary facilities. Because of the lack of money, the Züllchower Anstalten had to be closed in 1931 - one hundred years after they were founded.

After 1945 the diaconal institutions in Züssow near Greifswald were re-established ; they see themselves in a traditional line with the Züllchower Diakonie.

literature

  • Fritz Jahn : The Züllchower institutions in Züllchow near Stettin. In: Die Innere Mission in Pommern, Festschrift for the 50th anniversary of the Provincial Association, 1878–1928 (1928), pages 69–75 [1]
  • Fritz Jahn: 100 years Züllchower Anstalten. In: Heimatkalendar für Pommern, 1931, pages 82–85 [2]
  • Mieczyslaw Stelmach: Activities of the foundations and welfare institutions for children in Stettin in the 19th century, in: Childhood and youth in the modern age 1500–1900, edited by Werner Buchholz (Stuttgart: Steiner 2000), pages 211–222.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chronicle of the Pommerschen Diakonieverein eV (year 1863) , accessed on June 5, 2013

Web links