Delicate birch blubber

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Delicate birch blubber
The tender birch blubber (Russula gracillima)

The tender birch blubber ( Russula gracillima )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Delicate birch blubber
Scientific name
Russula gracillima
July ( Schaff )

The tender birch blubber ( Russula gracillima ) is a fungus from the family of the blubber relatives (Russulaceae). The art epithet is derived from the Latin adjective gracilis , which means as much as delicate or slim.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 2–6 cm wide. It is usually cloudy greenish or olive in color in the center and has a pink border. But it can also be pure pink or pale purple in color. When young, the mushroom is convex, then expanded and sometimes has a small hump. The hat skin can be peeled off from a third to a maximum of half. Older fruiting bodies often have a ridged edge. The fragile and soft-fleshy stem is long in relation to the hat. It is often flamed pink. The lamellas hardly run down the handle and are cream-colored, like the spore powder . The lamellar cutting edges are not sawed or serrated when viewed with a magnifying glass. The meat is white and tastes moderately hot.

Microscopic features

The spores are broadly elliptical, 7–9 µm long and 5–7 µm wide, with up to 1 µm high, mostly isolated warts. No or very few connecting lines are formed between the warts. The numerous cap skin cystids are cylindrical to slightly club-shaped and up to 10 µm wide, not or simply septate. The basidia are 42–48 µm long and 8.5–11.5 µm wide, with four 4.5–5.5 µm wide sterigms. The cystists are long-clubbed or bulbous with mostly 1 (–2) constrictions, with a short, 0.5–2 µm long appendicule or drawn out to a point, 58–85 × 9.5–13.5 µm, mostly 70 µm long and 11 μm wide. In sulfovanillin, with the exception of the stalk and the tip that may have been pulled out, blue.

Species delimitation

Similar species are the birch blubber , Russula betularum , which is often found under birch trees, and although more often it is paler, it can easily be mistaken for a bleached birch blubber. Its lamellas and spore powder are white and it has a much sharper taste.
The alternately colored Spei-Täubling Russula fragilis is very similar, it can occur in the same locations. It is usually darker and more purple in color and has serrated or notched blade edges that are unmistakable under a magnifying glass.

ecology

The tender birch blubber is a mycorrhizal fungus of the birch. It is usually found in small groups under birch trees or, less often, under willows, from summer to late autumn.

It likes to grow in moist, grassy places on acidic, nutrient-poor sand, clay, loam or bog soils. It is very rare over lime. Typical locations for the Zarter Birken-Täubling are moors , birch quarries or other water-based locations under birches. The Täubling can also be found on the edges of the forest, forest paths or in parks.

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the delicate birch pavilion.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The tender birch blubber is a Holarctic species that occurs predominantly in temperate to boreal climates and sometimes penetrates into submeridional areas. The Täubling can be found in North Asia (Eastern Siberia, Japan), North America (USA, Canada) and Europe. In Europe, Spain and Italy is its southern distribution limit and in the south-east Slovenia. In the west it occurs in France, the Netherlands and Great Britain. There you can find him up to the Hebrides . The deafbling is widespread in Northern Europe and can be found throughout Fennoscandinavia. The northern limit of its range is in Lapland.

    In Germany the Täubling occurs in all federal states. Its distribution area extends from the East Frisian Islands in the north to the Alpine foothills. Overall, it is very poorly spread and rare everywhere.

    Systematics

    The tender birch pigeon is placed in the Exalbicantinae subsection , which is within the Firmae section. The subsection contains small to medium-sized pigeons with predominantly pink to wine-red colored hats. The stem is tinged with white or pink and tends to turn gray when wet. The pigeons taste sharp to hot and have cream to ocher-colored spore powder.

    meaning

    The edible value of the mushroom is unknown. Due to its pungent taste, however, one must assume that it is slightly poisonous, at least when consumed raw.

    literature

    This article is based in part on information from the English-language Wikipedia article on Russula gracillima .

    • Russula gracillima. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on March 2, 2014 (Italian, photos from Zarten Birken-Täubling).
    • Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59056-7 , pp. 92 .

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b c Phillips R .: Mushrooms . Pan MacMillan, 2006, ISBN 0-330-44237-6 , p. 25.
    2. ↑ a b Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , p. 74 .
    3. ↑ Species description of Russula gracillima in Singer "Monograph of the genus Russula"; published in "Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt", editor A. Pascher (1932) p. 285.
    4. ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 567.
    5. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula gracillima. Retrieved on June 7, 2012 (Täubling rare: No threat).
    6. ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula gracillima. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
    7. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula gracillima. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015 ; Retrieved August 19, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / data.gbif.org
    8. ↑ Gordana Kasom & Mitko Karadelev: Survey of the family Russulaceae (Agaricomycetes, Fungi) in Montenegro . In: Warsaw Versita (ed.): Acta Botanica Croatica . tape 71 , no. (2) , 2012, ISSN  0365-0588 , p. 1–14 ( online [PDF]). online ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / versita.metapress.com
    9. ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula gracillima. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 13, 2012 .
    10. ↑ Grid map of Russula gracillima. (No longer available online.) In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Formerly in the original ; accessed on September 13, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / data.nbn.org.uk
    11. ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas | Russula gracillima. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved May 7, 2012 .
    12. ↑ Russula gracillima in the PILZOEK database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .
    13. ↑ Blood, bile and tears. Blades Part 6 - Sharp Cream Spurs. Der Tintling 96, issue 5/2015, pp. 19–30
    14. ↑ Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988) (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: English translation of M. Bons Russula key . The Russulales website. P. 32. Archived from the original on July 28, 2010. Retrieved January 6, 2011.

    Web links

    Commons : Zarter Birken-Täubling ( Russula gracillima )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files