Fragile bubble fern

Fragile bubble fern
	Fragile bladder fern ( Cystopteris fragilis )
Systematics
	Ferns
Class :	True ferns (Polypodiopsida)
Order :	Spotted ferns (Polypodiales)
Family :	Eyelash family (Woodsiaceae)
Genre :	Bladder ferns ( Cystopteris )
Type :	Fragile bubble fern
Scientific name
	Cystopteris fragilis
	( L. ) Bernh.

The fragile bladder fern ( Cystopteris fragilis ) is a common representative of the ciliate fern family (Woodsiaceae) in Central Europe .

description

The fragile bladder fern is a perennial, deciduous hemicryptophyte with a short rhizome . The fragile bladder fern reaches heights of 10 to 45 centimeters. The feathers are often pinnate or double pinnate. The leaflets are pointed or ovoid. The second-order leaflets are serrated-notched to pinnate. The last veins run in the subspecies. fragilis out into the tips of the feathers. The spores are regularly prickly, in the subspecies subsp. dickieana only wrinkled. The spore ripening period is from July to September.

The chromosome number is 2n = 4x = 168, 2n = 5x = 210 (these pentaploid plants are sterile), 2n = 6x = 252 or 2n = 8x = 336.

Occurrence

The fragile bladder fern is found worldwide. It is common and widespread in Central Europe. It grows on damp limestone cliffs, on walls and in rock rubble heaps in forests. It is kalkliebend and rises up into the alpine height level (up to 2400 m); so z. B. on the Widderstein in Vorarlberg.

In the phytosociological system he is considered a local characteristic species of the association Asplenio viridis Cystopteridetum fragilis in association Cystopteridion fragilis, whose nationwide characteristic species it is. It is also found in the canyon forests of the Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani association.

Taxonomy and systematics

The Basionym Polypodium fragile L. was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum . Johann Jakob Bernhardi placed it in 1805 as Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernhardi in the genus Cystopteris.

According to Euro + Med, this species also includes the following subspecies:

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. subsp. fragilis
Alpine bladder fern ( Cystopteris fragilis subsp. Alpina (Lam.) Hartm. ), Is also considered a species by some authors ( Cystopteris alpina (Lam.) Desv. )
Cystopteris fragilis subsp. diaphana (bory) litard. (Syn .: Cystopteris filix-fragilis . Subsp canariensis . (C. Presl) Jahand & Maire ), is regarded by some authors as species ( Cystopteris diaphana (Bory) Blasdell ): The circulation area covers the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira, Portugal, Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Great Britain, France, Corsica and Italy.
Wrinkled bladder fern ( Cystopteris fragilis subsp. Dickieana (R. Sim) Hyl. ), Is also regarded by some authors as a species ( Cystopteris dickieana (R. Sim) Hyl. )

use

The fragile bubble fern is sometimes used as an ornamental fern on humid, shady walls and occurs there in attractive, larger stands.

supporting documents

Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .

Individual evidence

↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 79-80.
↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 1091 ( digitized version ).
^ Johann Jakob Bernhardi: Third attempt at an arrangement of the fern herbs. In: New Journal for Botany. Volume 1, No. 2, 1805, pp. 1-50 (here: p. 27 ).
↑ ^a ^b Christenhusz, M. & Raab-Straube, E. von (2013): Lycopodiophytina. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Cystopteris fragilis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Cystopteris fragilis - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Fragile bubble fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
Fragile bubble fern . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran. (swed.)
Thomas Meyer: Bubble fern data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[Dörr-Lippert-1] Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 79-80.

[SpPl-2] Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 1091 ( digitized version ).

[Bernhardi-3] Johann Jakob Bernhardi: Third attempt at an arrangement of the fern herbs. In: New Journal for Botany. Volume 1, No. 2, 1805, pp. 1-50 (here: p. 27 ).

[Euro+Med-4] Christenhusz, M. & Raab-Straube, E. von (2013): Lycopodiophytina. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Cystopteris fragilis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.