Tremor
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Tremor
Schleid municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 59 ″ N , 10 ° 1 ′ 0 ″ E
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| Height : | 402 (400-415) m |
| Residents : | 53 |
| Incorporation : | June 30, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 36419 |
| Area code : | 036967 |
 View from the southwest (2012).
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Zitters is a former municipality with 53 inhabitants in the Rhön Biosphere Reserve . Zitters was first mentioned in a document in 953 and is now part of Schleid in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .
geography
The place Zitters is located in the upper Kohlbachtal, a side valley of the Ulster , on the Hessian-Thuringian border, about 7 kilometers from the city of Geisa . The geographical height of the place is 400 m above sea level. NN . The location is connected to Geisa via Kreisstraße 93 and the neighboring towns of Kranlucken and Gerstengrund . Zitters owns the former Kohlbachshof farm , which fell victim to border security measures in 1972.
history
In a certificate sealed by King Otto I in 953 about land acquisitions and exchanges of the Fulda monastery , the list of localities also includes ciderates . The interpretation of the place name Zitter is supposed to refer to a personal name "Zitteri", the unusual name found multiple modifications in the following centuries: still 1197 "Citerates", 1334 "Cithers" and "Cythers", 1431 "Zythers", 1624 "Zyders", "Zitters" for the first time in 1654, and "Zieders" and "Zieters" in 1722.
The division of the Fulda possessions into offices for administrative reasons was carried out according to the main castles, with Zitters being assigned to the Rockenstuhl office . In 1334 the noble brothers Hermann and Eckert von Aue , possibly descendants of the medieval poet Hartmann von Aue , acquired rights of use in Zitters for 120 pounds of Heller. In 1382 a chapel was consecrated in the village, the mother parish was in Schleid.
At that time there were already several remote farms in today's corridor of Zitters: Merles, Krollhof, Köllershof, Kohlbachshof, Roppelshof, Hof-Zitters, a desolate farm on the Kuhberg, and a similar one on the Hochrain are mentioned.
At that time, Zitters was bordered by the village of Godermanns in the south with 26 houses, a fief of the Imperial Knights von der Thann, who later converted to Protestantism . The residents of Godermanns did not want to follow the change of religion of their church patron, so they dared to flee and settled in the neighboring communities that remained Catholic in the Rockenstuhl office, so Zitters also received three emigrated families as immigrants. The abandoned place of Godermann remained a desert in the following centuries , the corridor and the associated rights of use were divided among the neighboring communities after lengthy processes in 1703 with the consent of the Fulda administration.
During the Thirty Years War, Zitters and the neighboring communities suffered badly as a result of the plague and attacks. In 1635, 429 burials were carried out in the parish of Schleid, to which Zitters belonged, and another 271 dead in 1637; according to the chronicle, a separate plague cemetery was established . The economic power of the places was ruined by the loss of population, but in the following years there was still looting and troop movements, the remote farms were abandoned and deserted. With the establishment of the parish of Kranlucken in 1737, Zitters came into this parish.
The chapel, already mentioned several times as dilapidated, was demolished down to the foundation walls in 1891 and replaced by a new building. Modern building materials and techniques were used, and the shell was completed after just three months. The inauguration of the chapel took place in 1894. Until 1907, donations were received to decorate the interior of the chapel. The construction project was also supported by government grants from the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . In 1951 and 1974-76 construction work was again carried out on the small village church.
Because of the small population of Zitters, school lessons took place in the neighboring village of Kranlucken, the schoolhouse there was built in 1759 and replaced by a new building in 1870. In 1920, at the request of the residents, Zitters was granted a one-class school for the community school, which had 16 students. This eliminated the arduous walk to the neighboring towns, especially in the snowy winter months. Since 1968, all pupils in the Kohlbachtal have been schooled and taught in Geisa.
In 1938, the separation and official land consolidation was carried out in the places in the Kohlbachtal. Its aim was to rearrange the agricultural areas in order to end the strong and uneconomical fragmentation of the fields that had developed over the centuries. At the same time, the construction of forest and field paths was ordered as a job creation measure. Most of the road construction that had begun had to be completed by forced laborers in the Second World War. The separation therefore did not end until 1947 and at the same time had implemented the land reform aimed at in the GDR. The farmers of Zitters had to unite in the LPG Rossberg around 1960 . As a result of the proximity to the border, the farmsteads near the border were relocated, laboriously cultivated arable land was abandoned and designated as pasture. The LPGs in the Kohlbachtal were combined in several steps, most recently the LPG type III "Karl Liebknecht" based in Bremen for plant production and the LPG type III "Vorderrhön" in Geisa for animal production, with a focus on beef fattening and milk production.
The border guards needed military accommodation, so a wooden barrack was built on the outskirts in November 1951. The building was later used as a storage room for the community and in 1983 as a provisional kindergarten. The traffic conditions were only slowly improved. In November 1949 the Kohlbach bridge was renewed, from 1953 to 1955 the road to Kranlucken and Gerstengrund was gradually expanded. The bus timetable had a weekly connection from 1955 - the regular bus went to Geisa on Wednesdays. The small children born in the village were first sent to kindergarten in the community center. From 1972 all preschool children (mostly 14 to 16 children) were driven from the Kohlbachtal to the kindergarten in Motzlar. In 1987 the school in Zitters was closed and the building was immediately taken over as a kindergarten. A tiny village consumption in Knapp's building took over the food supply. The temporary arrangement ended with the move to the parish hall, where consumption continued until September 1990. There are several natural springs around the place, the first aqueduct was built between 1928 and 1930, but the water quality was poor. A rabies case in 1958 caused unrest among the population, suspected to be a connection with the drinking water. The new water pipe was commissioned and also received two fountains in the local area. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, they wanted to introduce a water fee for the facility built in the NAW operation. In 1994 the towns of Kranlucken , Motzlar , Zitters and Schleid merged to form the unified municipality Schleid, which ended the political independence of Zitters.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ TA border hike: Pastor Vogt on life at borders . In: Thüringer Allgemeine , August 17, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2012
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years Zitters” (ed.): Festschrift 1050 years Zitters . Schleid 2003, p. 8 .
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years of Zitters” (Ed.): (Ibid.) . 2003, p. 10 .
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years of Zitters” (Ed.): (Ibid.) . 2003, p. 21-22 .
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years of Zitters” (Ed.): (Ibid.) . 2003, p. 27-29 .
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years of Zitters” (Ed.): (Ibid.) . 2003, p. 37-38 .
- ↑ Interest group “1050 years of Zitters” (Ed.): (Ibid.) . 2003, p. 48-51 .
- ^ Thuringian ordinance on the dissolution and amalgamation of the municipalities of Kranlucken, Motzlar, Schleid and Zitters of March 1, 1994 (GVBl. P. 308)