To the red bear

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Red Bear Inn
Detail from the shoemaker's window in Freiburg Cathedral with the golden bear
Medieval walls in the cellar

The red bear in Freiburg im Breisgau is one of the oldest inns in Germany , according to research by Freiburg city chronicler Wilhelm Fladt . The building itself is one of the oldest in the city and dates back to the time it was founded. It is on the Oberlinden square near the Schwabentor . The list of names of over 50 bear owners can be traced back to the year 1311 and begins with the landlord Hanmann Bienger. The title “oldest inn in Germany” is claimed by the Red Bear and the inn zum Löwen in Seelbach and Zum Riesen in Miltenberg, Lower Franconia .

The place Oberlinden with the fountain, the linden tree (1729) and the guest house to the Red Bear stands with the other historic buildings in the old city under monument protection . The reason given is that this is one of the most peculiar and intact images of the old town in Germany. The figurehead of the restaurant is decorated with a golden bear. According to Grimm's dictionary, the word “red” had a special meaning in the Middle Ages: “Gold, copper, precious stones and other minerals are often called red. red gold is an extremely popular phrase in poetic language. "

history

The foundations of the building are documented before the city was founded around 1120. They belong to the manor house of the former count's court of the Zähringer . The mansion was in the settlement of the Berthold III . around 1090 had the castle built on the Schlossberg . The three-story cellar has been preserved to this day with its arcades and pillars as well as the natural floors. This can be seen in the entrance area of ​​the house through a glass pane in the floor.

The use as an inn can be traced back to the 12th century. At that time the house was red, so even the illiterate knew that the goods were safely stored here and that boarding and lodging was possible. The importance of this economy can be seen in the proven stables for around 200 horses and the numerous blacksmiths.

In 1744 the French razed Vauban 's fortifications. The inn - because it is close to the city wall - was also affected. The hosts at that time - the Strohmeyer family - were generously compensated by the French and other citizens. With the help of this money, the Romanesque - Gothic arcade house was demolished and replaced by the current baroque building.

The first landlord documented in writing is Hanmann Bienger (the elder). He is named as a witness in a land register of the Adelhausen Monastery in 1311 . It is documented that the Bienger family served the bear until 1406. For example, the third generation - also a Hanmann - is mentioned in a court document on March 13, 1387 as "Würt ze dem red Bern". Many of the landlords were also court lords and councilors of the city, often also guild masters. For a long time, the bear was the shoemaker's guild house , which can be seen in the window of the shoemaker's guild in the Freiburg Minster .

For color of the House of started on January 7, 1727, almost nine-month involuntary arrest of Salpetersieders and Guild Master counts Johann Albiez beech ( Albbruck ) in today Hotzenwald. As a decidedly Christian, upright and stubborn peasant rebel, he and his supporters led the saltpetre riots in the first half of the 18th century against the authorities. The then bear host, Johannes Strohmeier, was informed on November 4, 1727 by the unification masters of the peasant self-government gathered in Dogern that the county would reimburse him for all accommodation costs of the arrested person "bey Heller und pfennig". In September 1727 Albiez died in the inn.

At the beginning of 2012, a wooden column was renovated in the basement of the inn, which is said to date from 1263 and would therefore be older than the oldest beam in the Freiburg Cathedral .

After 52 years, Monika Hansen handed the house over to Christoph Glück and Christian Böhler in 2017, who bought it together with two partners. 20 employees and three to four trainees work there (as of March 2019). After the takeover, the entrance and the dining room were carefully renovated using old photos. The aim is to appeal to the people of Freiburg again, also for regulars, family celebrations and conferences that can be held in the Oberlindensaal on the upper floor. Furthermore, the 25 hotel rooms are to be modernized.

literature

  • Monika Hansen: The book of the Red Bear in Freiburg. Germany's oldest inn: its landlords from the Middle Ages to the present , Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 2009, ISBN 978-3-7930-9589-7
  • Claudia and Wolf Eschger: A little bear story , (Flyer, which is available in the inn and hotel)

Web links

Commons : Zum Roten Bären  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ rot to rotbart (vol. 14, col. 1287 to 1300) . woerterbuchnetz.de. Retrieved June 28, 2015
  2. ↑ a b Joachim Röderer: The "Red Bear" in Oberlinden no longer wants to be a tourist bar. Badische Zeitung, March 27, 2019, accessed on March 28, 2019 .
  3. ↑ BZ editorial team: "Red Bear": wooden column from 1263 is being renovated. Badische Zeitung, January 20, 2012, accessed on September 19, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Joachim Röderer: Glück and Böhler take over "Roten Bären" in Freiburg. Badische Zeitung, October 18, 2017, accessed on September 19, 2018 .

Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 35 ″  N , 7 ° 51 ′ 14 ″  E