Dwarf bellflower

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Dwarf bellflower
Dwarf bellflower (Campanula cochleariifolia)

Dwarf bellflower ( Campanula cochleariifolia )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Subfamily : Campanuloideae
Genre : Bluebells ( campanula )
Type : Dwarf bellflower
Scientific name
Campanula cochleariifolia
Lam.

The dwarf bellflower ( Campanula cochleariifolia ) is a species of the genus bellflower ( Campanula ). Other common names are small bellflower , low bellflower and dainty bellflower . The specific epithet cochleariifolia is derived from the spoonbill ( Cochlearia ), as the shape of its basal leaves is similar.

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The dwarf bellflower grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of 5 to 15, rarely up to 30 centimeters. It often forms dense lawns with sterile rosettes of leaves. The stem is dense below, sparsely leafed above and downy hairy at its base. It is rare that all parts of the plant above ground are ciliate with short bristles.

The basal leaves are petiolate and their leaf blade is broadly ovate to rounded; they are usually not withered to anthesis . The leaf margin is serrated. The lower stem leaves are lanceolate. The upper stem leaves are linear and more or less clearly hairy with short bristles. The leaf stalk and often the blade are ciliate with short bristles.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from July to August. The flowers are single or few (two to six) in racemose inflorescences . The flower buds and mostly the flowers are nodding.

The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope. The bald calyx has awlish tips without appendages. The bell-shaped crown is 10 to 15, rarely up to 20 millimeters long and the color varies from light blue to blue-purple. The ovary is smooth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

Dwarf bellflower ( Campanula cochleariifolia )

ecology

The dwarf bellflower is a hemicryptophyte .

Occurrence

The dwarf bellflower is found mainly in the limestone regions of the Alps . Their distribution area extends from the Pyrenees to the Carpathians, the Balkans and Romania. In Germany it is also found in the southern Black Forest, on the Swabian Alb and in the Alpine foothills.

The lime-loving plant usually thrives in rubble , crevices and lawns from the valley to altitudes of around 3000 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises to an altitude of over 2000 meters. It is a character species of the class Thlaspietea rotundifolii in the Alps , but also occurs in moist rock band and crevice societies of the Potentillion caulescentis and Seslerion albicantis associations. As a drift it often thrives in societies of the Epilobion fleischeri association. It penetrates along the rivers far into the Alpine foothills . The dwarf bellflower occurs, for example, on the gravel body of the Isar in the Pupplinger Au near Wolfratshausen.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Campanula cochleariifolia Lam., Dwarf bellflower. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  893 .
  3. ^ H. Reisigl: Flower world of the Alps. Pinguin Verlag, 1978, p. 178 f.
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings . Volume 2, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 554.

Web links

Commons : Dwarf Bellflower ( Campanula cochleariifolia )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files