FOXC2: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
Typo fixing and general fixes, typo(s) fixed: adition → addition using AWB |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
FOXC2 is also involved in [[cancer]] [[metastases]]. In particular, expression of FOXC2 is induced when [[epithelium|epithelial cells]] undergo an [[epithelial-mesenchymal transition]] (EMT) and become [[mesenchymal stem cell|mesenchymal]] looking cells. EMT can be induced by a number of genes including [[SNAI1|Snail]], [[twist transcription factor|Twist]], [[GSC (gene)|Goosecoid]], and [[TGF beta 1|TGF-beta 1]].<ref name="pmid20572012">{{cite journal | author = Battula VL, Evans KW, Hollier BG, Shi Y, Marini FC, Ayyanan A, Wang RY, Brisken C, Guerra R, Andreeff M, Mani SA | title = Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Derived Cells Exhibit Multi-Lineage Differentiation Potential Similar to Mesenchymal Stem Cells | journal = Stem Cells | volume = 28| issue = 8| pages = 1435–45| year = 2010 | month = June | pmid = 20572012 | doi = 10.1002/stem.467 | url = | issn = }}</ref> Suppression of FOXC2 expression using [[small hairpin RNA|shRNA]] in a highly metastatic [[breast cancer]] model blocks their metastatic ability.<ref name="pmid17537911">{{cite journal | author = Mani SA, Yang J, Brooks M, Schwaninger G, Zhou A, Miura N, Kutok JL, Hartwell K, Richardson AL, Weinberg RA | title = Mesenchyme Forkhead 1 (FOXC2) plays a key role in metastasis and is associated with aggressive basal-like breast cancers | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 104 | issue = 24 | pages = 10069–74 | year = 2007 | month = June | pmid = 17537911 | pmc = 1891217 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0703900104 | url = | issn = }}</ref> |
FOXC2 is also involved in [[cancer]] [[metastases]]. In particular, expression of FOXC2 is induced when [[epithelium|epithelial cells]] undergo an [[epithelial-mesenchymal transition]] (EMT) and become [[mesenchymal stem cell|mesenchymal]] looking cells. EMT can be induced by a number of genes including [[SNAI1|Snail]], [[twist transcription factor|Twist]], [[GSC (gene)|Goosecoid]], and [[TGF beta 1|TGF-beta 1]].<ref name="pmid20572012">{{cite journal | author = Battula VL, Evans KW, Hollier BG, Shi Y, Marini FC, Ayyanan A, Wang RY, Brisken C, Guerra R, Andreeff M, Mani SA | title = Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Derived Cells Exhibit Multi-Lineage Differentiation Potential Similar to Mesenchymal Stem Cells | journal = Stem Cells | volume = 28| issue = 8| pages = 1435–45| year = 2010 | month = June | pmid = 20572012 | doi = 10.1002/stem.467 | url = | issn = }}</ref> Suppression of FOXC2 expression using [[small hairpin RNA|shRNA]] in a highly metastatic [[breast cancer]] model blocks their metastatic ability.<ref name="pmid17537911">{{cite journal | author = Mani SA, Yang J, Brooks M, Schwaninger G, Zhou A, Miura N, Kutok JL, Hartwell K, Richardson AL, Weinberg RA | title = Mesenchyme Forkhead 1 (FOXC2) plays a key role in metastasis and is associated with aggressive basal-like breast cancers | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 104 | issue = 24 | pages = 10069–74 | year = 2007 | month = June | pmid = 17537911 | pmc = 1891217 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0703900104 | url = | issn = }}</ref> |
||
In |
In addition, it has been observed FOXC2 induce some features of brown adipose tissue in white adipocites. |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
winged helix gene that counteracts obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diet-induced |
winged helix gene that counteracts obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diet-induced |
||
insulin resistance. Cell 2001;106:563-73. |
insulin resistance. Cell 2001;106:563-73. |
||
==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
||
| Line 45: | Line 44: | ||
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=lds GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Lymphedema-Distichiasis Syndrome] |
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=lds GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Lymphedema-Distichiasis Syndrome] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Transcription factors|g3}} |
{{Transcription factors|g3}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Forkhead transcription factors]] |
[[Category:Forkhead transcription factors]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
Revision as of 12:03, 17 January 2014
Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) also known as forkhead-related protein FKHL14 (FKHL14), transcription factor FKH-14, or mesenchyme fork head protein 1 (MFH1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXC2 gene.[1][2] FOXC2 is a member of the fork head box (FOX) family of transcription factors.
Clinical significance
Mutations in the FOXC2 gene are associated with lymphedema distichiasis,[3] and that has been studied to determine if it is associated with varicose veins.[4]
FOXC2 is also involved in cancer metastases. In particular, expression of FOXC2 is induced when epithelial cells undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and become mesenchymal looking cells. EMT can be induced by a number of genes including Snail, Twist, Goosecoid, and TGF-beta 1.[5] Suppression of FOXC2 expression using shRNA in a highly metastatic breast cancer model blocks their metastatic ability.[6]
In addition, it has been observed FOXC2 induce some features of brown adipose tissue in white adipocites.
References
- ^ Kaestner KH, Bleckmann SC, Monaghan AP, Schlöndorff J, Mincheva A, Lichter P, Schütz G (1996). "Clustered arrangement of winged helix genes fkh-6 and MFH-1: possible implications for mesoderm development". Development. 122 (6): 1751–8. PMID 8674414.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Miura N, Iida K, Kakinuma H, Yang XL, Sugiyama T (1997). "Isolation of the mouse (MFH-1) and human (FKHL 14) mesenchyme fork head-1 genes reveals conservation of their gene and protein structures". Genomics. 41 (3): 489–92. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4695. PMID 9169153.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Connell F, Brice G, Mortimer P (2008). "Phenotypic characterization of primary lymphedema". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1131: 140–6. doi:10.1196/annals.1413.013. PMID 18519967.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Ng MY, Andrew T, Spector TD, Jeffery S (2005). "Linkage to the FOXC2 region of chromosome 16 for varicose veins in otherwise healthy, unselected sibling pairs". J. Med. Genet. 42 (3): 235–9. doi:10.1136/jmg.2004.024075. PMC 1736007. PMID 15744037.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Battula VL, Evans KW, Hollier BG, Shi Y, Marini FC, Ayyanan A, Wang RY, Brisken C, Guerra R, Andreeff M, Mani SA (2010). "Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Derived Cells Exhibit Multi-Lineage Differentiation Potential Similar to Mesenchymal Stem Cells". Stem Cells. 28 (8): 1435–45. doi:10.1002/stem.467. PMID 20572012.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Mani SA, Yang J, Brooks M, Schwaninger G, Zhou A, Miura N, Kutok JL, Hartwell K, Richardson AL, Weinberg RA (2007). "Mesenchyme Forkhead 1 (FOXC2) plays a key role in metastasis and is associated with aggressive basal-like breast cancers". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (24): 10069–74. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703900104. PMC 1891217. PMID 17537911.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
7. Cederberg A, Gronning LM, Ahren B, Tasken K, Carlsson P, Enerback S. FOXC2 is a winged helix gene that counteracts obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diet-induced insulin resistance. Cell 2001;106:563-73.
Further reading
- Fauret AL, Tuleja E, Jeunemaitre X, Vignes S (2010). "A novel missense mutation and two microrearrangements in the FOXC2 gene of three families with lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome". Lymphology. 43 (1): 14–8. PMID 20552815.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Witte MH, Erickson RP, Khalil M; et al. (2009). "Lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome without FOXC2 mutation: evidence for chromosome 16 duplication upstream of FOXC2". Lymphology. 42 (4): 152–60. PMID 20218083.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - de Mooij YM, van den Akker NM, Bekker MN; et al. (2009). "Abnormal Shh and FOXC2 expression correlates with aberrant lymphatic development in human fetuses with increased nuchal translucency". Prenat. Diagn. 29 (9): 840–6. doi:10.1002/pd.2316. PMID 19548265.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Sano H, Leboeuf JP, Novitskiy SV; et al. (2010). "The Foxc2 transcription factor regulates tumor angiogenesis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 392 (2): 201–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.015. PMC 2822046. PMID 20060810.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Vreeburg M, Heitink MV, Damstra RJ; et al. (2008). "Lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome: a distinct type of primary lymphedema caused by mutations in the FOXC2 gene". Int. J. Dermatol. 47 Suppl 1: 52–5. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03962.x. PMID 18986489.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Kume T (2008). "Foxc2 transcription factor: a newly described regulator of angiogenesis". Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 18 (6): 224–8. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2008.11.003. PMC 2674371. PMID 19185813.
- Yoshida T, Kato K, Fujimaki T; et al. (2009). "Association of a polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E gene with chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals with metabolic syndrome". Genomics. 93 (3): 221–6. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.11.001. PMID 19056482.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Ma GC, Liu CS, Chang SP; et al. (2008). "A recurrent ITGA9 missense mutation in human fetuses with severe chylothorax: possible correlation with poor response to fetal therapy". Prenat. Diagn. 28 (11): 1057–63. doi:10.1002/pd.2130. PMID 18973153.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Yerges LM, Klei L, Cauley JA; et al. (2009). "High-density association study of 383 candidate genes for volumetric BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine among older men". J. Bone Miner. Res. 24 (12): 2039–49. doi:10.1359/jbmr.090524. PMC 2791518. PMID 19453261.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Lu Y, Dollé ME, Imholz S; et al. (2008). "Multiple genetic variants along candidate pathways influence plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations". J. Lipid Res. 49 (12): 2582–9. doi:10.1194/jlr.M800232-JLR200. PMID 18660489.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - van Steensel MA, Damstra RJ, Heitink MV; et al. (2009). "Novel missense mutations in the FOXC2 gene alter transcriptional activity". Hum. Mutat. 30 (12): E1002–9. doi:10.1002/humu.21127. PMID 19760751.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Pappa KI, Gazouli M, Economou K; et al. (2010). "Gestational diabetes mellitus shares polymorphisms of genes associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in the Greek population". Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. 27 (4): HASH(0x28c7db0). doi:10.3109/09513590.2010.490609. PMID 20540670.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Joslyn G, Ravindranathan A, Brush G; et al. (2010). "Human variation in alcohol response is influenced by variation in neuronal signaling genes". Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 34 (5): 800–12. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01152.x. PMID 20201926.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Fabretto A, Shardlow A, Faletra F; et al. (2010). "A case of lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome carrying a new de novo frameshift FOXC2 mutation". Ophthalmic Genet. 31 (2): 98–100. doi:10.3109/13816811003620517. PMID 20450314.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Ghalamkarpour A, Debauche C, Haan E; et al. (2009). "Sporadic in utero generalized edema caused by mutations in the lymphangiogenic genes VEGFR3 and FOXC2". J. Pediatr. 155 (1): 90–3. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.02.023. PMID 19394045.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Silander K, Alanne M, Kristiansson K; et al. (2008). Janssens, A. Cecile J.W. (ed.). "Gender differences in genetic risk profiles for cardiovascular disease". PLoS ONE. 3 (10): e3615. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003615. PMC 2574036. PMID 18974842.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Dellinger MT, Thome K, Bernas MJ; et al. (2008). "Novel FOXC2 missense mutation identified in patient with lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome and review". Lymphology. 41 (3): 98–102. PMID 19013876.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Corpeleijn E, Petersen L, Holst C; et al. (2010). "Obesity-related polymorphisms and their associations with the ability to regulate fat oxidation in obese Europeans: the NUGENOB study". Obesity (Silver Spring). 18 (7): 1369–77. doi:10.1038/oby.2009.377. PMID 19876004.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Horra A, Salazar J, Ferré R; et al. (2009). "Prox-1 and FOXC2 gene expression in adipose tissue: A potential contributory role of the lymphatic system to familial combined hyperlipidaemia". Atherosclerosis. 206 (2): 343–5. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.02.026. PMID 19339011.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Hader C, Marlier A, Cantley L (2010). "Mesenchymal-epithelial transition in epithelial response to injury: the role of Foxc2". Oncogene. 29 (7): 1031–40. doi:10.1038/onc.2009.397. PMC 2824778. PMID 19935708.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
 | This genetics article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |