Česká Canada
Česká Canada (German Bohemian Canada ) is located in the south of the Czech Republic on the border between Bohemia and Moravia and borders on Austria .
Mountains
The Jindřichův Hradec Mountains form the north-western part . The Wittingau basin connects to the south of it . The landscape is hilly and heavily forested and the mountainous area extends from Nová Bystřice to the northern Bohemian-Moravian ridges . The easternmost part is formed by the Dačice hilly landscape in the form of a long depression. Bizarre rock formations can be found near Theresienstein (Czech: Terezín ) and Kunžak . The highest point is the mountain Vysoký kámen 738 meters above sea level. Šibeník (732 m), Kunějovský vrch (725 m), Studnice (722 m), Bukový vrch (721 m), Větrov (714 m) and Čihadlo (700 m) are also striking in the landscape. The mountains are mostly flat with scattered boulders, rock pools, rocking stones and large-sized stones on the peaks. The landscape around Jihlava consists of higher mountains.
Waters
Two rivers with numerous tributaries divert the numerous rainfall: the Nežárka over the Vltava and Elbe to the North Sea and the Moravian Thaya (Moravská Dyje) over the Thaya, Morava and Danube into the Black Sea. Numerous ponds are fed by individual streams. The largest and most important ponds include the Kačležský (176 ha), Krvavý (127 ha), Ratmírovský (78 ha) and others, especially in the western part of the region. The ponds are used for fish farming and irrigation, but are also nest sites, breeding and gathering places for numerous water birds. But they are also used as bathing destinations.
climate
The climate here is relatively harsh with its lower average temperatures and abundant rainfall, which is the reason for the name of the region.
history
Settlement began in the 12th century when the area around Jindřichův Hradec came under the ownership of the Witigonen . The first castles, towns and market towns were built in the 13th century. Bavarian tribes came from the southwest; colonization by Bohemian tribes began to the west. Jindřichův Hradec became the center of power. Cities and castles were affected during the Hussite Wars . It hit Nová Bystřice and Landštejn the most .
In the 16th century it was mainly the economy and the guilds that developed. The bourgeois buildings in the city center also date from this period. The impoverishment and decline during the Thirty Years' War was followed in the 18th century by the first factories for the processing of textiles, glass and iron.
In the middle of the 20th century there were conflicts between Czech, German and Jewish populations in Bohemian Canada. In 1938 the area was annexed to the German Reich , Czechs and Jews were driven into the country or interned in camps. After the Second World War , the Germans were expelled . Rajchéřov, Maříž and other localities were relocated in the following years because of their proximity to the Austrian border. Sights like the castle in Mariz were also destroyed.
particularities
Today visitors are offered recreational opportunities at many lakes, river valleys and extensive forest areas. The cultural monuments have also been restored and are accessible again.
The city architecture of Jindřichův Hradec or Slavonice is popular , as are the remains of the medieval castles Landstein, Vítkův Hrádek , which are also located in charming landscapes. The pile dwellings of Pfaffenschlag from the 11th century, restored by archaeologists , are also worth seeing . The Český Rudolec Castle , the Dobrohoř in Staré Město pod Landštejnem and the Villa of the Landfras family in Jindřichův Hradec date from the 19th century . In the eastern part of the region one can find traces of the Jewish communities that used to live in the region, such as the synagogues in Jindřichův Hradec and Telč .
Attractions
- Landštejn Castle
- Border fortifications from the years 1937 to 1938. A nature trail leads from Landštejn Castle to Slavonice along the first line of defense against Germany. The second line was destroyed by the National Socialists in the war. Only in the vicinity of Hejlíček and Střmilov are remains of ruins.
- City of Slavonice
- City of Nová Bystřice
- The valley of extinct villages that were destroyed during communist rule in the 1950s because of their location on the Iron Curtain . Today it is an uninhabited wilderness.
- The 79 km long JHMD narrow-gauge railway between Obrataň , Jindřichův Hradec and Nová Bystřice.
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 '31.3 " N , 15 ° 0' 5.3" E