Cross
The Kreuzchen or Kreuzerl (Austrian) is a character in the form of a St. Andrew's cross .
use
As a symbol
- In mathematics, a cross (× U + 00D7, TeX ) is also used as a multiplication operator , along with other multiplication symbols (such as the painting point); the same symbol also marks the cross product of the vectors
\times
- In biology for crossbreeding , in particular hybridization and hybridization in the nomenclature of biology (e.g. the tea rose Rosa indica fragrans is Rosa gigantea × Rosa chinensis , a cultivated form).
- The symbol is found analogously in genealogy , for example for illegitimate relationships and their descendants, while marital relationships are listed after the marriage symbol " ⚭ "
The sign is often found in geometry , technical drawing , plans and related areas:
- Identification of a circle - or radius (circular arc) center ( DIN 406 degree-registration in drawings Part 1) - there but typically (in the form of the "+" plus sign , simple cross within the meaning Reticle ) or a centerline cross pulled up to the bow.
- In some applications, such as sectional drawing , the marking of an auxiliary or dimension line with × ––––––– × , then this dimension is referred to with “ × - × ” in text notes
- In the map display, for example: - × - · - × - · - × - for blocked state border , or = × == × == × = for blocked streets (in street maps, for example, in the sense of "not with trailer", or " winter block " for To find pass roads ).
As a character
- In the Latin alphabet : " X " and " x " ('large' and 'small Ix')
- In the Cyrillic alphabet : “ Х ” and “ х ” (' capital ' and 'small Ha'), and with descenders “ Ҳ ” and “ ҳ ”
- In the Greek alphabet : « Χ » and « χ » ('Chi')
- Chinese / Japanese / Korean ( CJK ): Chinese 乂 , Pinyin yì - “lead, lead; nourish “( radical ), Japanese 乂 , gai , ge , kor. 예 , Hanja 乂 ye
- Japanese: also Katakana メ ('Me')
- Chinese : also Bopomofo ( phonetic transcription ) ㄨ ('U')
Mark with a cross
In the German and Anglo-Saxon cultural areas , the little cross or a cross is often used to select from a list (e.g. for elections ): The selected suggestion or list item is "ticked". The expression “tick the box” in the sense of consent is derived from it. Otherwise it is also common to use the tick ✓ to “tick” .
Hand signals for a signature
Illiterate people can sign official documents with “three crosses” as a hand sign - here there are × -variants next to + -forms. Even today, a signature must be certified in this form (for example: "A signature that is not made with the name signature, but with a simple hand sign - the most famous are three crosses - requires certification by a notary" § 126 dBGB).
"Ausixen" of text
"Ausixen" dates back to the time of telex and typewriting : the letter X is used to delete invalid text passages. In today's word processing, strikeout is common ( strikethrough text ), analogous to handwritten strikeout of text.
Character encoding
Unicode
Unicode contains different little crosses (the letters listed above can be found in the respective alphabet and are not specified again here):
Unicode number | character | description | Official name | block |
---|---|---|---|---|
U + 00D7 (215) | × | Mark (note 1) | MULTIPLICATION SIGN | Latin-1 Supplement (0080–00FF) |
U + 2573 (9587) | ╳ | Frame drawing element diagonal cross | BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DIAGONAL CROSS | Frame drawing characters (2500–257F) |
U + 2715 (10005) | ✕ | Mark X | MULTIPLICATION X | Dingbats (2700-27BF) |
U + 2716 (10006) | ✖ | bold mark X | HEAVY MULTIPLICATION X | Dingbats (2700-27BF) |
U + 2717 (10007) | ✗ | choice -X | BALLOT X | Dingbats (2700-27BF) |
U + 2718 (10008) | ✘ | bold option-x | HEAVY BALLOT X | Dingbats (2700-27BF) |
U + 274C (10060) | ❌ | cross sign | CROSS MARK | Dingbats (2700-27BF) |
U + 1F5F4 (128500) | ? | Cursive cross | BALLOT SCRIPT X | Various pictographic symbols (1F300 to 1F5FF) |
U + 1F5F6 (128502) | ? | Bold cursive cross | BALLOT BOLD SCRIPT X | Various pictographic symbols (1F300 to 1F5FF) |
U + 2612 (9746) | ☒ | checked option box (note 2) | BALLOT BOX WITH X | Various symbols (2600–26FF) |
U + 1F5F5 (128501) | ? | Box ticked in cursive | BALLOT BOX WITH SCRIPT X | Various pictographic symbols (1F300 to 1F5FF) |
U + 1F5F7 (128503) | ? | Box ticked in bold | BALLOT BOX WITH BOLD SCRIPT X | Various pictographic symbols (1F300 to 1F5FF) |
U + 1F5F3 (128499) | ? | Ballot box with voting slip (note 3) | BALLOT BOX WITH BALLOT | Various pictographic symbols (1F300 to 1F5FF) |
U + 2613 (9747) | ☓ | St. Andrew's Cross | SALTIRE | Various symbols (2600–26FF) |
U + 1F7A8 (128936) | ? | Thin St. Andrew's Cross | THIN SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7A9 (128937) | ? | Light St. Andrew's Cross | LIGHT SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7AA (128938) | ? | Medium thick St. Andrew's cross | MEDIUM SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7AB (128939) | ? | Fat St. Andrew's cross | BOLD SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7AC (128940) | ? | Heavy St. Andrew's Cross | HEAVY SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7AD (128941) | ? | Very heavy St. Andrew's cross | VERY HEAVY SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
U + 1F7AE (128942) | ? | Extremely heavy St. Andrew's cross | EXTREMELY HEAVY SALTIRE | Geometric shapes, expanded (1F780–1F7FF) |
×
.BALLOT BOX WITH X
(U + 2612). Based on the name alone, an empty or checked ballot paper could also be displayed.TeX / LaTeX
In the markup languages of the formula set TeX or LaTeX , one encodes:
\times |
|
\otimes |
|
\boxtimes |
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ For examples, see dimensions . Section Dimensioning Circles and Radii . curtsoft.de
- ↑ see 乂 , Wiktionary English
- ↑ Example: Fig. Xxx Hand signals of the inexperienced writing Marie Elisabeth [Nickel], geb. Go [= ö] ringe (49 y.) , As well as at a day laborer's wedding […], all eight participants […] simply put their mark under the certificate (last picture). In: Norbert Winnige: Inexperienced signatures, hand signs and crosses. In: Literacy and Writing Culture in the Early Modern Age. Archived from the original on August 7, 2007 ; accessed on January 19, 2010 (research group, Max Planck Institute for History, Göttingen; homepage ).
- ↑ ausixen , Wiktionary German