2A65

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2A65


2A65 Howitzer aka Msta-B in the Artillery Museum in Saint-Petersburg

General Information
Manufacturer country: USSR
Developer / Manufacturer: ZKB "Titan"
Development year: From 1976 to 1986
Start of production: 1987
Number of pieces: at least 1200
Weapon Category: howitzer
Team: 8th
Technical specifications
Overall length: 11400… 12700 mm
Pipe length: 7200 mm
Caliber :

152 mm

Weight ready for use: 7000 kg
Cadence : up to 7 rounds / min
Elevation range: -3 ... + 70 degrees
Side straightening area: -27 ... + 28

152-mm howitzer 2A65 aka Msta-B, according to the GRAU index - 2А65 , in NATO classification - M1987 - 152-mm howitzer of Soviet production, is u. a. in use by the Russian armed forces and some other former republics of the Soviet Union. Their concept includes the destruction of tactical nuclear targets, artillery and mortar batteries , tanks and other armored vehicles, the destruction of trenches and similar defensive positions, soldiers, command posts , air defense - and finally missile defense systems .

For the coordination of the automated control of the fire control systems of the 2A65 howitzers within the artillery division, special systems were developed under the designation “Falzet” and “Kapustin”.

history

The 2A65 howitzer was developed under the direction of chief designer Georgij Sergeev, within the special construction department of the armaments factory, formerly "Barricade", now called "ZKB Titan".

The research and development of 2A65 howitzer aka Msta-B began in 1976 . The aim of the development was to increase the following values: the range of the projectiles, the rate of fire, the vertical angle of the target acquisition, the effectiveness of the projectile action during impact, maneuverability and other properties compared to howitzers such as the M1937 , D-1 and D -20 who were in use by the armed forces of the Soviet Union .

During the development, special attention was paid to the fire accuracy, which could be achieved by making certain changes to the construction. The design of the main components of the howitzer is designed to ensure stability during firing. During the development stage of the howitzer, the associated projectiles were already implemented in the development, including: a. the determination of their optimal geometric shape and other construction parameters. This led to the improvement of the aerodynamic properties of the projectiles with cluster munitions and their stability during the flight path, despite the considerable length of the projectiles.

In 1986 , the 152mm Howitzer 2A65 aka Msta-B entered service with the armed forces of the Soviet Union .

Series production began in 1987 .

In the howitzer could u. a. the following constructive goals can be achieved:

  • The muzzle brake with three chambers achieves an effectiveness of up to 63%;
  • a fast target acquisition mechanism allows vertical target acquisition up to 70 ° with horizontal aiming at an inclination of 5 °;
  • automatic prevention of the spring deflection when the spars are spread apart in combat.

Design and functions

The 2A65 howitzer has the same construction as the 152 mm howitzer of the 2S19 aka Msta-S self-propelled gun , with the 2A64 howitzer. The difference lies in the escape of the powder gases after firing in the barrel of the 2A64.

The 2A65 howitzer is designed according to the classic scheme of an artillery weapon: it is equipped with a three-chamber muzzle brake and a semi-automatic vertical breech. The length of the pipe is 53 caliber lengths. A hydropneumatic recoil brake is installed above the barrel (i.e. the brake has a liquid medium to absorb the recoil forces). A protective shield was installed to protect the soldiers from projectiles and shrapnel from the front. Furthermore, the howitzer can be lifted, rotated and balanced at two speeds by a superposition gear. On the lower part of the mount there is a bedding in the form of a plate on which the gun is lowered with the help of a hydraulic jack when the howitzer is transferred from a transportable to the combat state. At the ends of the spars, rollers are mounted, with the help of which the howitzer can be turned into any position without having to change the position of the spars at an angle of 52 °.

To increase the rate of fire and reduce the number of operating personnel, the 2A65 howitzer was equipped with a spring-loaded semi-automatic loading mechanism that pushes the projectiles into the barrel. Not only 152 mm bullets specially designed for the 2A65 or 2S19 (2A64) can be used, but also bullets from the D-20 , M1937 and the howitzer on the 2S3 self-propelled gun.

The Ural-4320 in the army version with the axle configuration 6x6 is used as a regular towing vehicle. The suspension of the howitzer allows a pulling speed of 80 km / h on the road and 20 km / h off-road.

In action

The 2A65 howitzer u. a. in the following military conflicts or theaters of war:

User states

Current users

  • GeorgiaGeorgia Georgia - As of January 2018, there are 10 2A65 in service.
  • KazakhstanKazakhstan Kazakhstan - As of January 2018, there are 50 2A65 in service.
  • RussiaRussia Russia
    Army - As of January 2018, 150 2A65s are in service.
    Marines - As of January 2018, there are 50 2A65 in service.
  • TurkmenistanTurkmenistan Turkmenistan - As of January 2018, there are 6 2A65 in service.
  • UkraineUkraine Ukraine - As of January 2018, there are 130 2A65 in service.
  • BelarusBelarus Belarus - As of January 2018, there are 162 2A65 in service.

literature

  • Н. Шунков; Энциклопедия артиллерии особой мощности, Минск, Харвест; 2004, 448 pages; Библиотека военной истории, ISBN 985-13-1462-5
  • Е. И. Трембач, К. П. Есин, А.Ф. Рябец, Б.Н. Беликов; «Титан» на Волге. От артиллерии к космическим стартам; Под общей ред. В. А. Шурыгина; Волгоград, 2000, 176 pages; ISBN 5-93567-014-3
  • 2А65 ТО. Часть 1. Техническое описание, 152-мм гаубица 2А65. Техническое описание и инструкция по эксплуатации; Москва, 1991; Военное издательство Министерства обороны СССР

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Military weapons technology in Chechnya (1999–2000) . Вестник ПВО. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
  2. ^ An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine // Armament Research Services
  3. ↑ Iraq bought $ 1 billion worth of weapons . Lenta.ru . July 30, 2014. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
  4. ↑ Dmitrij Litovkin: In large numbers, urgent and expensive . Взгляд. August 1, 2014. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
  5. ↑ 152 mm Howitzer 2A65 in Syria
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 (English, January 2018).