7th Army (Russian Empire)
|
7th Army |
|
|---|---|
 Coat of arms of the Imperial Russian Army |
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| active | 1914 to 1918 |
| Country |
 Russian Empire
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| Armed forces |
Imperial Russian Army
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| Type | army |
| Butcher | First World War |
The 7th Army of the Russian Empire was an army that was used during the First World War . The army was formed in July 1914 after Russia entered the First World War and disbanded in 1918.
history
1914
At the beginning of the war, the 7th Army only had four reserve divisions (62nd, 63rd, 64th and 71st Res. Divisions) and was responsible for protecting the important naval base of Odessa . Because of the still uncertain position of Romania, the large association remained stationed in Bessarabia in 1915.
1916
The army was reformed and used for the Brusilov offensive to reinforce the south-western front. The northern wing of the Russian 7th Army should be on June 4, 1916 with the XVIII. and XXII. Corps against the German " Southern Army " break through to the west in the Zalosze area . After an artillery bombardment lasting 48 hours, General Shcherbachev (Cherbachev) launched the conventional infantry attack. The attacks from the north at Kozlow and Nowo-Alexsiniec failed after a few days with the loss of almost 20,000 soldiers. Cherbachev's attack in the south - the Russian II and XVI. Corps threw back the north wing of the Austro-Hungarian 7th Army in the Battle of the Strypa . The Russian XVI. Corps attacked with the 41st Division over the Strypa on Buczacz (today Butschatsch ), which had to be evacuated by the enemy on June 10th. On June 12, therefore, the southern wing of the southern army had to be taken back on the line from Koropiec to Nizniow (today Nyschniw ) on the Dniester. The German reinforcements arriving on the southern bank of the Dniester were able to stabilize the front in heavy fighting near Tlumatsch .
1917
In the following summer of 1917, the 7th Army was under the new Commander-in-Chief General Seliwatschow in the middle section of the Kerensky offensive between Konjuchy and Podhajce (today Pidhajzi ). All attacks fought north of Brzezany (now Bereschany ) were repulsed by the southern army, but on July 10, Halicz on the Dniester fell into Russian hands. The German counter-offensive at Zloczow (today Zolochiv ) in the north enabled the southern army's new approach. Bothmer's troops started a counter-offensive on July 16 and pushed the Russian 7th Army back to the eastern bank of the Sbrutsch by the end of July . At the beginning of August, a Russian counterattack near Hussyatyn stopped the Beskid Corps ' action .
Organization of the 7th Army in December 1917
- I. Army Corps
- II. Guard Corps
- XII. Army Corps
- XXXXI. Army Corps
- III. Caucasian Army Corps
- VII Siberian Army Corps
- V. Cavalry Corps
Commanders
- Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin (July 19, 1914 - October 19, 1915)
- Dmitri Grigoryevich Cherbachev (October 19, 1915 - April 11, 1917)
- Leonid Nikolajewitsch Belkowitsch (April 13, 1917 - June 20, 1917)
- Vladimir Ivanovich Seliwatschow (June 26, 1917 - September 9, 1917)
- Januari Kasimirowitsch Zichowitsch (September 9, 1917 - December 3, 1917)
- Vladimir Kiriakowitsch Triandafillow (December 1917)
- Vladimir Alexandrovich Lawdowski (December 1917 - March 1918)
literature
- Austria-Hungary's Last War 1914-1918 Volume I. The war year 1914 , Verlag der Militärwissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen, Vienna 1930
- Anton Wagner: The First World War , troop service paperback, Verlag Carl Ueberreuter, Vienna 1981