10th Army (Russian Empire)

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10th Army

Russian coa 1825.png

Coat of arms of the Imperial Russian Army
active 1914 to 1918
Country Russian Empire 1721Russian Empire Russian Empire
Armed forces Russian Empire 1721Russian Empire Imperial Russian Army
Type army
Butcher First World War
Winter battle in Masuria
Swenziany offensive

The 10th Army of the Russian Empire was an army that was deployed on the Eastern Front during World War I.

history

1914

The 10th Army was set up after Russia entered the First World War and was in the area of ​​the Northwest Front (General Schilinski ) under the command of General Vasili Pflug. In the second meeting behind the 1st Army , the occupation of the German province of East Prussia was sought. The XXII. Army Corps and the III. Siberian army corps served as the basis for the formation of the 10th Army in early September. After AOK 1 had left Warsaw on the northern front, the 10th Army assumed sole command of the corps that had been left on the borders of East Prussia. In October 1914 the Commander-in-Chief Thadeus von Sievers managed to occupy the East Prussian cities of Stallupönen , Gołdap , Johannisburg and Lyck . The 10th Army now had 12 infantry and 4 cavalry divisions:

  • North Wing: 1st Cavalry Corps - 1st and 3rd Cavalry Divisions
  • III. Army Corps under Gen. of Inf. Segelow - 29th and 27th Divisions, 56th Reserve Division
  • Center: XX. Army Corps under Gen. of Inf. Bulgakov - 28th Division and 53rd Reserve Division
  • XXII. Army Corps under Major General Sarin - 73rd and 76th Reserve Divisions
  • XXVI. Army Corps under Gen. the Inf. Gerngross - 64th and 84th Reserve Divisions
  • South wing: III. Siberian Army Corps under Gen. the Inf. Radkewitsch - Sibir. 7th and 8th Infantry Division, 57th Reserve Division, 4th and 15th Cavalry Division

1915

From February 7, 1915, the 10th Army was attacked on both wings by the German 10th and 8th Armies in the winter battle in Masuria on the eastern border of East Prussia and pushed to the southeast. The superior front commander Russki recognized the threat of encirclement by the German 10th Army from the north too late and started his counter-offensive on the south wing. He also wanted to use the newly established 12th Army and deploy it from the Lomscha area against the southern border of East Prussia. In order to give this operation flank security, however, he forbade the necessary withdrawal of his 10th Army, which was already in the north. The central mass (III., XX. And XXVI. Army Corps) of Siever's Army was pinned between the two German armies, which were advancing on their flanks into their hinterland. When the seriousness of the situation was recognized on February 14th, the army commander gave the order for an urgent retreat. Two corps were still able to withdraw, the XX. Corps was completely enclosed in the forest area near Augustów and capitulated with 12,000 men. General von Sievers was retired a short time later and replaced by General Radkewitsch.

By August 18, 1915, the German 10th Army had forced the Kovno fortress to surrender, and on August 26, operations against Vilna began . The goal was to push into the back of the holding both sides of Vilnius Russian 10th Army and the German breakthrough cavalry towards the railway junction Molodetschno . The Russian 10th Army turned west on the Willia Front and was formed from north to south by the Guard Corps, the Siberian 3rd Army Corps, the Caucasian V and the II and V Army Corps, and the II Cavalry Corps was also available .

Commanders

literature

  • Reichsarchiv: The World War 1914–1918 , Volume II. The Struggle for East Prussia, Mittler und Sohn, Berlin 1925
  • Friedrich von Bernhardi: Germany's heroic struggle , Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1922

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Victories and Defeats of the Russian Army: 1914 , accessed on June 29, 2015 (English)