4th Army (Russian Empire)

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4th Army

Russian coa 1825.png

Coat of arms of the Imperial Russian Army
active 1914 to 1918
Country Russian Empire 1721Russian Empire Russian Empire
Armed forces Russian Empire 1721Russian Empire Imperial Russian Army
Type army
Butcher First World War
Battle of Kraśnik
Battle of the Vistula
Baranovichi offensive

The 4th Army of the Russian Army was deployed during the First World War. The army was formed from late July 1914 after Russia entered World War I and disbanded in 1918.

history

1914

The 4th Army, under the command of Baron Saltza, was assigned to the Southwest Front under General Nikolai Ivanov and had four corps with around 10 infantry and 3 cavalry divisions:

  • XVIII. Corps (General der Kav. Krusenstern ) with the 23rd and 37th Divisions
  • in the second meeting: III. Caucasian Army Corps under General Irmanov with 21st and 52nd Divisions
  • Grenadier Corps (General der Art. Mrozowski ) - 1st and 2nd Grenadier Divisions
  • XIV Corps (Gen. Inf. Woyshin-Murdas-Schilinski ) - 18th and 45th Divisions, 80th Reserve Division
  • XVI. Corps (Gen. Inf. Geisman ) - 41st and 47th Divisions
  • 4th Cavalry Corps Gyllenschmidt - 5th Cavalry Division, 1st and 4th Don Cossack Division

At the beginning of the war in 1914, the 4th Army, leaning against the Vistula on the right and covered by the parallel advance of the 5th Army , broke through Lublin southwards into the Austrian crown land of Galicia . The battle in Galicia developed .

As of August 22nd, the army's action was stopped by an attack by the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army under General of the Cavalry Viktor Dankl . The Russians were thrown back in the Battle of Kraśnik . Commander-in-chief Baron von Saltza was replaced by General Ewert .

In October 1914, together with the 5th Army from Galicia, the 4th Army, which was moved north to the southern Vistula front, played a central role in the battle of the Vistula . In the initial phase of the battle, the 4th Army prevented the German Guard Reserve and Landwehr Corps from crossing the Vistula between Nowo Alexandreia and Ivangorod . The III. The Caucasian Corps conducted effective counter-attacks against the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army in the area of ​​the Ivangorod fortress .

The 4th Army had been reorganized after moving to the north:

  • Grenadier Corps under General Mrozowski (1st and 2nd Grenadier Division)
  • Delsalle reserve group (75th and 80th reserve divisions, 1st Don Cossack division) and the Ivangorod fortress (81st reserve division).
  • XVI. Corps under General der Infanterie Geisman, from October 13th General Klembowski (41st and 47th Divisions)
  • III. Caucasian Corps under General Irmanov (21st and 52nd Divisions)
  • Novikow Cavalry Corps (until October 14th) (5th, 8th and 14th Cavalry Divisions, Turkestan Cossack Brigade and 4th and 5th Don Cossack Division)

At the end of October 1914, General Ewert chased the retreating enemy via Radom to the southwest to Kielce . In the north, the 5th Army in the Petrikau area on Ewert's right wing and the 9th Army in the Pintschow area on the left wing to the south .

1915

1916

The 4th Army took part in the Baranovichi Offensive under General Ragosa as an attack army in July 1916 . After Romania's entry into the war , Army Command 4 was transferred to the Romanian theater of war in September 1916 . At the end of 1916 the 4th Army fought against the German 9th Army in the Battle of Rimnicul-Sarat .

1917

The 4th Army was subordinated to the newly formed Romanian Front under General Sakharov in the area north of Focșani in 1917 . Even before it was relieved from the Romanian Sereth sector, the army took part in the battles of Marasti and Marasesti in July and August 1917 .

Army organization in July 1917

VII Army Corps, Lieutenant General Nikolai Leontjewitsch Junakow

  • 13th Infantry Division, Major General Dmitri Dmitrjewitsch Dzenejew
  • 34th Infantry Division, Lieutenant General Nikolai Petrovich Stremukhov

VIII Army Corps, Lieutenant General Andrei Georgjewitsch Jelchaninov

  • 14th Infantry Division, Lieutenant General Vladimir Ivanovich Sokolov
  • 15th Infantry Division,

XXX. Army Corps, Lieutenant General Alexander Nilowitsch Gavrilow

  • 103rd and 124th Infantry Divisions

Reserve:

  • Trans Amur Cavalry Division
  • 71st Infantry Division, Major General Pawel Grigoryevich Kantzerow

Commanders

literature

  • Austria-Hungary's Last War 1914-1918 Volume I. The war year 1914 , Verlag der Militärwissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen, Vienna 1930
  • Anton Wagner: The First World War , troop service paperback, Verlag Carl Ueberreuter, Vienna 1981