Puławy
| Puławy | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lublin | ||
| Powiat : | Puławy | ||
| Area : | 50.49 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 25 ' N , 21 ° 58' E | ||
| Residents : | 47,634 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 24-100 to 24-112 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 81 | ||
| License plate : | LPU | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Radom - Lublin | ||
| Next international airport : | Warsaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 47,634 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 0614011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| City President : | Janusz Grobel | ||
| Address: | ul.Lubelska 5 24-100 Puławy |
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| Website : | www.um.pulawy.pl | ||
Puławy is a medium- sized town in Poland on the Vistula in the Lublin Voivodeship .
history
The first written mention of a settlement on the site of today's Puławy comes from 1626. In 1671 the construction of a palace with a surrounding park for the noble Lubomirski family began . Later the Sieniawski family lived here . In 1782 the settlement became the property of Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski and soon became an important part of political and cultural life in Poland. In 1795 during the third partition of Poland , the place fell to Prussia .
In 1801, on the initiative of Princess Izabella Czartoryska, the first museum in Poland (in what was then Prussia) was opened. It contained royal jewels as well as war and crown trophies, but also paintings, arts and crafts, and memorabilia from famous people. Militaria, regalia and documents were housed in the so-called sibyl temple and paintings, handicrafts and rarities found their place in the Gothic House . After the November Uprising was put down in 1830, the collections threatened with confiscation were taken to Paris and housed in the Hôtel Lambert, which was acquired in 1842 . In 1876 Prince Władysław Czartoryski (1828–1892) brought the collection to Kraków. Large parts of the collection are now exhibited in the Czartoryski Museum (Muzeum Czartoryskich) in Krakow , the oldest museum in Poland.
In 1807 the place became part of the Duchy of Warsaw and in 1815 part of Congress Poland . The elderly Izabella Czartoryska made Puławy a center of Polish resistance against Russia. After the November uprising, Puławy came under Russian rule in 1831 . The princess left Puławy and went to live with her daughter Maria Anna Czartoryska at Wysock Castle in Galicia, while her son Adam Jerzy Czartoryski fled abroad. Russia confiscated the property and set up a correctional home in the castle. Since a visit by Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna , Puławy was called Nowa Aleksandria (New Alexandria ) from 1846 to 1918 . 1862 Agriculture and Forestry Institute was founded on the estate, from 1917, the Polish National Institute of Agricultural Science emerged. After it was split up in 1950, the Institute for Cultivation, Fertilization and Soil Science remained on site.
In 1867 the place became the seat of a powiat and in 1906 received city rights . After the First World War , the place was again within the borders of Poland. During the Second World War , the Nazis set up a ghetto for the Jews. The almost 4,000 inhabitants of the ghetto were later deported to the Sobibor extermination camp .
In 1945 the National Veterinary Institute was founded in Puławy by ministerial decree . In the mid-1960s, a large nitrogen fertilizer factory was built in the place, today's Zakłady Azotowe Puławy . This increased the importance and the number of inhabitants of the place strongly.
A foundation established in 1997 endeavors to preserve the composition of the palace park and to bring it back to life. In 2000, the German War Graves Commission inaugurated the German military cemetery in Puławy , where 22,000 German soldiers who died in the Second World War had been reburied by December 2011.
In April 2002, the first special laboratory in Poland for the analysis and research of biological warfare agents was opened in the veterinary research center.
After the city council officially declared the city an LGBT-free zone (“Strefę wolną od ideologii LGBT”) in 2020 and this was signposted at the entrance to the village, the Dutch city of Nieuwegein dissolved its twinning with Puławy and the French twin city Douai suspended the cooperation.
local community
Borough
The city of Puławy forms an independent municipality ( gmina miejska ).
Rural community
The rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Puławy, to which the city itself does not belong, has an area of 160.81 km².
Attractions
- Castle of the Princes Czartoryski (built at the beginning of the 18th century, later rebuilt several times), in the garden among other things the Gothic Pavilion (1809) and the Temple of Sybille (beginning of the 19th century)
- Church of the Assumption of Mary
Fountain at the castle
Sibyl temple in the castle park
The Gothic House in the Castle Park
The Gothic House
The Greek house
Chinese pavilion
Castle of Maria Anna Czartoryska
Statue in the castle park
Roman gate
sarcophagus
sons and daughters of the town
- Chrystian Piotr Aigner (1756–1841), architect and architectural theorist
- Adam Karl Wilhelm von Württemberg (1792–1847), Duke of Württemberg
- Antoni Stolpe (1851–1872), composer
- Marian Opania (born 1943), actor
- Blanka Lipińska (* 1985), writer
- Kinga Achruk (* 1989), handball player
- Konrad Czerniak (* 1989), swimmer
- Malwina Kopron (* 1994), hammer thrower
literature
- Puławy , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 622
Web links
- Official website of the city (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Galina Kopytova: Jascha Heifetz: Early Years in Russia. Translation by Dario and Alexandra Sarlo. Indiana University Press, Bloomington IN 2014, ISBN 978-0-253-01076-6 , pp. 1 f.
- ↑ Michała Strzemskiego, Państwowy Instytut Naukowy Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego (1917-1950) , at: historiaiung.pulawy.pl (2020), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ IUNG-PIB, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa (1950-2020) , at: historiaiung.pulawy.pl (2020), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ PIWet PIB, O Instytucie: Historia , on: piwet.pulawy.pl (2017), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ WIHE, Historia Wojskowego Instytutu Higieny i Epidemiologii , on: bip.wihe.pl (2017), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Julian Theilen, German cities irritated about "LGBT-free zones" in Poland on: mdr.de (March 10, 2020), accessed: July 16, 2020.
- ↑ Małgorzata Domagała, Holenderskie miasto kończy przyjaźń z Puławami. Za "Strefę wolną od ideologii LGBT" on: lublin.wyborcza.pl (July 21, 2020), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Annemarie de Wit, Nieuwegein schrapt Pulawy van welkomstbord: vriendschap verbroken na homovrije zone on: rtvutrecht.nl (July 14, 2020), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Dutch).
- ↑ Maria Frankowska, Douai zawiesza współpracę for Puławami za strefę anty LGBT. Mer: “Przemoc zaczyna się od słów” (March 2, 2020), accessed: July 16, 2020 (Polish).