Adam Adamowitsch Willow
Adam Adamowitsch Weide ( Russian Адам Адамович Вейде ) (* 1667 in Moscow ; † January 26, 1720 ) was a Russian infantry general in the Great Northern War and a close confidante of Tsar Peter the Great .
Life
Adam Weide was the son of a German colonel . He began his military career in the game regiments of Peter I. During the Azov campaign , he took part in the siege of the Azov fortress as a major in the Preobrazhensk body guard regiment . He enjoyed Peter's trust, so Adam Weide was often sent abroad with important tasks and accompanied the tsar on all of his travels (see Grand Embassy ). For example, Weide was sent to Hungary and the Electorate of Saxony in 1696 to announce the news of the conquest of Azov. In 1698 he was sent to France and England to study the military . After his return, Adam Weide compiled a military regulation in which he described the administrative and military rules for infantry regiments and the rules of conduct for all ranks. Adam Weide was under the influence of the army organization of Eugene of Savoy and Louis XIV .
The regulations of Weide formed the basis for the regulations of Peter the Great of 1716. After the dissolution of the Strelitzen regiments in autumn 1699, Avtonom Michailowitsch Golowin and Adam Weide should instead form 18 regular infantry and two dragoon regiments in Moscow. Weide was also responsible for training the Stolniks and other military service classes. After the outbreak of the Great Northern War, Adam Weide first commanded one of the ten regiment divisions that were part of the army under Field Marshal Charles Eugène de Croy . After the army initially besieged Narva , the inexperienced Weides division was destroyed by the Swedish army in the battle of Narva , even if it managed to hold the combat formation as the longest of all Russian units . Adam Weide was captured himself and taken to Stockholm , where he stayed until 1710 and then was exchanged for General Niels Stromberg in return . During his time in captivity, Weide observed the way the Swedes organized their army. During the Russo-Ottoman War from 1710 to 1711, Adam Weide commanded an eight regiment division. In 1714 he commanded seven infantry and three cavalry regiments in the Finland campaign. Weide took part in the Battle of Gangut and commanded the galley on which Peter I was located. For his participation in the battle, Adam Weide was awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First Called and appointed commander of a grenadier regiment. He then supported Peter I in drawing up the military regulations of 1716 and two years later he was appointed President of the Military College.
Adam Weide died in 1720. Although he was of the Lutheran faith , Peter the Great ordered his burial in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery and attended his funeral personally.
His daughter Justinia (1684-1715) married in 1713 in Smolensk with Baron Pierre Le Fort (1676-1754).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (Berb.): Genealogical manual of the Estonian knighthood , Bd .: 3, Görlitz [1930], p. 290.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Willow, Adam Adamowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Вейде, Адам Адамович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1667 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Moscow |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 26, 1720 |