Adele Bloch-Bauer
Adele Bloch-Bauer (born August 9, 1881 in Vienna ; died January 24, 1925 there , born Adele Bauer ) was an Austrian entrepreneur's wife and was best known for the 1907 painting Adele Bloch-Bauer I ("Golden Adele" ) by Gustav Klimt , one of the most important works of Viennese Art Nouveau ( fin de siècle ).
Life
Adele Bauer was the daughter of Moritz Bauer (1840–1905), director of the major bank Wiener Bankverein . In 1899 she married the sugar manufacturer Ferdinand Bloch ; from then on both called themselves Bloch-Bauer.
Artists, writers and social democratic politicians such as Karl Renner , who later became the first state chancellor of the republic, and Julius Tandler met in the salon of the married couple Adele and Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer, who belong to the Jewish upper middle class of Vienna .
Maria Altmann , her niece, described Adele Bloch-Bauer after impressions from her childhood as “sick, suffering, always with a headache, smoking like a chimney, terribly tender, dark. A completely spiritual face, narrow, elegant. Smug, arrogant ... Always looking for spiritual stimulation ”( Natter / Frodl , p. 118).
Klimt was one of the artists who were sponsored by the Bloch-Bauer couple; Adele Bloch was his model for several works, including Adele Bloch Bauer II (1912). The picture sold for $ 87.9 million in 2006 and for $ 150 million in 2017. Adele Bloch-Bauer died of meningitis in Vienna in 1925 . Her grave is in the urn grove of the Simmering fire hall (Department MR, Group 47, Number 1G).
Honor
- 2016: Street name Bloch-Bauer-Promenade after Adele and Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer in Vienna, 10th district, Favoriten , near the new main train station . The promenade accompanies the Helmut-Zilk-Park, which leads diagonally through the Sonnwendviertel .
Litigation
The painting Goldene Adele was returned to Maria Altmann and her co-heirs in 2006 after a long legal dispute by the Republic of Austria , bought by Ronald Lauder and can now be seen in his New Gallery in Manhattan , New York .
The reason for the long legal dispute over the Bloch-Bauer portraits was Adele Bloch-Bauer's will. She asked her husband to bequeath “her” Klimt paintings to the Austrian Gallery in the Belvedere after his death. The Republic of Austria, the owner of the gallery, therefore later saw itself as the legal owner. Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer stated in the probate proceedings after his deceased wife that Adele had the pictures, but they were always his property and not hers. Since most of his pictures had also been confiscated during the Nazi era , Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer later saw himself no longer obliged to the state.
The controversy was portrayed in the 2015 American-British movie The Woman in Gold with Helen Mirren as Maria Altmann.
literature
- Hubertus Czernin : The forgery. The Bloch-Bauer case. Volume 1. The Bloch-Bauer case and the work of Gustav Klimt. Volume 2. Volume III of the library of robbery . Czernin Verlag, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-70760-000-9 .
- Tobias Natter, Gerbert Frodl (Ed.): Klimt and the women. Catalog of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, Cologne / Vienna 2000.
Web links
- Life and work of the Bloch-Bauer family ( Memento from October 6, 2000 in the Internet Archive )
- The Bloch-Bauer case: documents on the legal dispute and numerous additional information (partly in English) ( Memento of August 30, 2000 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Georg Gaugusch : Who once was. The upper Jewish bourgeoisie in Vienna 1800–1938. Volume 1: A-K. Amalthea, Vienna 2011, ISBN 978-3-85002-750-2 , pp. 104-107.
- ↑ bild.de: The 10 Most Expensive Paintings in the World - Article from November 11, 2015.
- ↑ Georg Leyrer: 150 million dollars for Klimt restituted from the Belvedere - to Oprah Winfrey. On the website and in the printed edition of the Vienna daily Kurier from February 10, 2017.
- ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Adele Bloch-Bauer
- ↑ Vienna names the street after Maria Lassnig. orf.at, April 8, 2016, accessed April 8, 2016.
- ^ Mailath: Maria-Lassnig-Straße decided. Press release City of Vienna, April 8, 2016, accessed April 8, 2016.
- ↑ Magdalena Miedl: Raubgold on a large scale. In: Salzburger Nachrichten , February 10, 2015, p. 7.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bloch-Bauer, Adele |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian entrepreneur's wife and model for Gustav Klimt |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 9, 1881 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 24, 1925 |
| Place of death | Vienna |