Adelshof the evil brain of Böhl
| Weinstrasse 35 | |
|---|---|
 View from the northwest |
|
| Data | |
| place | Deidesheim |
| Construction year | Basically medieval, changed in the 16th century, around 1700 and later |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 24 '26.9 " N , 8 ° 11' 14.1" E |
The Adelshof der Übelhirn von Böhl in the Palatinate town of Deidesheim was a late medieval estate belonging to the knight family Übelhirn von Böhl. The last member of the family in Deidesheim, Nikolaus Übelhirn von Böhl, was the founder of the Deidesheim hospital , which was built on the site of this noble court. Today the hospital also includes the building complex at Weinstrasse 35 , which was probably built on the remains of buildings from the Adelshof and is classified as a cultural monument under the State of Rhineland-Palatinate's Monument Protection Act .
history
When the evil brain family came to Deidesheim from Böhl cannot be said with certainty. As early as 1300 there was an entry in Lambrecht's Seelbuch about a Burchard de Buhele who had goods in Deidesheim. The name "von Böhl" refers to the Palatinate municipality of Böhl , which initially belonged to the imperial estate until the 13th century , then for a short time to the Speyer Monastery , and finally fell to the Electoral Palatinate . Here the noblemen and knights von Böhl had possessions and fiefs , which, however, were on the unprotected plain. Presumably for security reasons they withdrew to the fortified city of Deidesheim and became ministerials to the Speyer prince-bishop. In 1395 a Deidesheimer deed, which documents a debt record, named a Klaus Zifrid von Bohel and in 1400 the nobleman von Buhel was mentioned in another document as the southern neighbor of the Gasthaus zum Krug . The southern neighbor of the von Böhl estate was the noble court of the Leysser von Lambsheim . The name or nickname evil brain was first mentioned in 1338, when Berthold, a son of the knight Heilo called evil brain, the priest benefice of Gimmeldinger Church donated a plot of land.
In 1440 Rennwert Übelhirn von Böhl and his wife Margarete von Altdorf were mentioned for the first time in Deidesheim. Both had their share in the construction of the Deidesheim parish church and the coats of arms of the two are embedded in the first and third yoke of the north aisle of the church as a keystone . Both were buried in the parish church after their death.
The two had two sons. On the one hand Ebolt or Ewald († 1488), he was canon in Speyer and finally also cathedral custodian . He donated a priestly pledge to the newly built parish church and suggested that the church be placed under the patronage of St. Ulrich of Augsburg . The other son was Nikolaus Übelhirn von Böhl. In old age, with no descendants, he donated almost all of his property to charitable purposes. Before the spiritual court of the Speyer bishop, as well as the mayor and court of Deidesheim, he donated a hospital to Deidesheim on April 25, 1494, which was built soon afterwards with a small church on the grounds of his aristocratic court. In 1496 he donated a priestly pledge at the hospital chapel, which was probably still unfinished at the time. Shortly afterwards, probably between 1496 and 1499, Nikolaus Übelhirn von Böhl died. He was probably buried next to his parents in the Deidesheim parish church in front of the left side altar. The history of the aristocratic court ended with him.
estate
The largest part of the former Adelshof is now built with hospital buildings and the hospital chapel. The address of the hospital is Weinstrasse 39/41.
The Deidesheimer Spital now also includes the complex of two structurally connected buildings with the address Weinstrasse 35. It is located in the historic town center of Deidesheim. These buildings already belonged to the hospital earlier, were sold to private individuals around 1700 and were re-integrated into the hospital as a café and guest house when the hospital was renovated in 1992/94. The house bordering the Weinstrasse, two-storey, with an L-shaped floor plan and a more recent hipped roof , may be medieval in its core. It was later changed structurally. The edging of a fountain inside the building is remarkable. The other house with a gable roof , which adjoins directly to the northeast , probably dates from around 1700 in this form. The massive southern wall with pointed arched windows is interesting here ; it used to be the outer wall of a Gothic building. This wall is now located inside the building as part of an atrium . It is one of the oldest houses in Deidesheim and in its core probably hides a part of the former Adelshof.
literature
- Arnold Siben : Old Deidesheimer noble houses. Uebelhirn from Böhlscher Hof . In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 10 , 1993, p. 27-29 . ( OCLC 180569679 ) This article was previously published in: Die Pfalz - des Deutschen Reiches Westmark. Local supplement of the Palatinate Courier. No. 13, 1935.
- Berthold Schnabel : From the history of the Deidesheim hospital . In: Kurt Andermann, Berthold Schnabel (Ed.): Deidesheim - Contributions to the history and culture of a city in the wine country . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1995, ISBN 3-7995-0418-4 , p. 137-143 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Bad Dürkheim district. Mainz 2020, p. 25 (PDF; 5.1 MB; see: Weinstrasse 35 ).
- ↑ a b c Siben: Old Deidesheimer Adelshöfe. Uebelhirn from Böhlscher Hof .
- ↑ a b Schnabel: From the history of the Deidesheim hospital .
- ↑ Berthold Schnabel: The vault lock stones of the church. In the parish church of St. Ulrich Deidesheim, Festschrift for the consecration of the altar in 1987, Kath. Pfarramt Deidesheim, 1987, p. 34
- ^ Georg Peter Karn, Rolf Mertzenich: Bad Dürkheim district. City of Bad Dürkheim, municipality of Haßloch, municipalities of Deidesheim, Lambrecht, Wachenheim (= cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 13.1 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 1995, ISBN 3-88462-119-X , p. 178 .