Adhémar yellow

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Adhémar Gelb (born November 18, 1887 in Moscow , Russian Empire ; died August 7, 1936 in Schömberg ) was a German psychologist .

Life

Adhémar Maximilian Maurice Gelb was the son of the insurance director Maximilian Gelb (1855-1901) and Wilhelmina Stahl (1856-1942), who worked in Moscow. After attending the Peter-und-Paul-Gymnasium in Moscow, Gelb studied philosophy in Munich from 1906 and received his doctorate in 1910 under Carl Stumpf at the Berlin University , where he was able to work as a volunteer assistant at the Psychological Institute until 1912. He married Nelly Achenbach (1888–1969), daughter of the opera singer Max Alvary , they had a son. Yellow became an assistant at the psychological institute of the "Academy for Social Sciences in Frankfurt / Main", which was incorporated into Frankfurt University in 1914 . From 1915 he worked with Kurt Goldstein in a Frankfurt hospital for soldiers with brain injuries.

After his habilitation in 1919 he became an associate professor in Frankfurt in 1924, a full professor in 1929 and together with Max Wertheimer became director of the Frankfurt Psychological Institute. The later Gestalt therapist Laura Perls did her doctorate with him. The philosophers Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer saw each other for the first time in a seminar by Gelb . In 1931, Gelb received a call to the University of Halle , where he became director of the psychological seminar he had set up.

After the handover of power to the National Socialists , Gelb was dismissed in Halle for racist reasons and emigrated to the Netherlands on a Rockefeller grant , where he and Kurt Goldstein were waiting for an entry visa for the United States. Appeal negotiations with Stockholm University did not come to a conclusion in 1934 due to his illness with pulmonary tuberculosis . In 1935 he held ten guest lectures at Lund University before he had to visit a clinic in the Black Forest because of his illness . The German patients there forced him to move into his own accommodation in the village. Shortly after Gelb died, the son committed suicide .

Yellow was experimental and psychologically oriented and distrusted rash results and publications. The internationally recognized achievement of Gelbs is the theoretically and experimentally founded exact analysis of the disturbances of the sensory perception (especially also of the color perception ), the language and the cognitive processes after brain injuries . He was able to specify the new findings of the Gestalt psychologists in these areas .

Fonts (selection)

  • Theoretical on “Gestaltqualitäten” , Leipzig, 1910. Journal f. Psychol. U. Physiol d. Sense organs. Dept. 1. Vol. 59. Inaugural dissertation - Berlin.
  • Bibliography of German and foreign literature from 1913 on psychology, its auxiliary sciences and border areas , Leipzig: Barth, 1913.
  • The "color constancy" of the seeing things , manual of normal and pathological physiology 1929, 594–678.
  • On medical psychology and philosophical anthropology , Haag: Nijhoff, 1937 (Reprograf. Nachdr. Darmstadt 1969: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft).
  • Main results and methods of brain pathological and psychopathological research: 10 lectures given in Lund March-April 1935 , 1935.
  • Adhémar Yellow; Kurt Goldstein; Wilhelm Fuchs: Psychological analyzes of brain pathological cases , Leipzig: Barth, 1920.

literature

  • Rudolf Bergius :  Yellow, Adhémar Maximilian Maurice. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7 , p. 168 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Uwe Wolfradt: Yellow, Adhémar . In: U. Wolfradt et al. (Ed.), German-speaking psychologists 1933–1945 , Berlin / New York: Springer 2014, pp. 131–132.
  • Uwe Henrik Peters : Psychiatry in exile: the emigration of dynamic psychiatry from Germany 1933–1939 . Kupka, Düsseldorf 1992, ISBN 3-926567-04-X .
  • Michaela Stiepel: Kurt Goldstein's holistic approach - the basis of a psychosomatically oriented neurology , in: Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Ulrich Lamparter (ed.): Pioneers of Psychosomatics. Contributions to the history of the development of holistic medicine , Heidelberg: Asanger 1994, pp. 261–269
  • Henrik Eberle : The Martin Luther University in the time of National Socialism . Halle: Halle, 2002, dissertation ISBN 3-89812-150-X , p. 370f

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Habilitation thesis “On the loss of the perception of 'surface colors'. Contributions to color psychology on the basis of investigations into cases with acquired color sensory disorders caused by cerebral lesions ”. See Uwe Wolfradt: Gelb, Adhémar , in: Uwe Wolfradt et al. (Ed.), German-speaking psychologists 1933–1945 , Berlin / New York: Springer 2014, p. 131.
  2. ^ Rolf Wiggershaus : Max Horkheimer. Entrepreneur in terms of "critical theory" . Frankfurt am Main: Fischer, 2013, ISBN 978-3-596-19574-9 , p. 38
personal data
SURNAME Yellow, Adhémar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Yellow, Adhemar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 18, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH August 7, 1936
Place of death Schömberg (District of Calw)