Adolf Grabowsky

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Adolf Grabowsky (born August 31, 1880 in Berlin , † August 23, 1969 in Arlesheim , Switzerland ) was a German political scientist , geopolitical theorist and writer.

Life

Adolf Grabowsky-Haarbrücker (1880–1969), political scientist, geopolitical theorist, poet, playwright, radio play author, translator. Grave in the Bromhübel cemetery in Arlesheim, Basel-Land
Grave in the Bromhübel cemetery in Arlesheim, Basel-Land

The merchant's son Adolf Grabowsky attended the Askanische Gymnasium in Berlin and then studied law and political science at the University of Berlin , the University of Freiburg , the University of Geneva and the University of Würzburg . He completed his studies in 1903 with a legal traineeship and a doctorate . After a short time in the judicial service, he turned to independent work and later went on long trips. In 1903 he was a co-founder of the Zeitschrift für Politik (ZIP), whose editor he was from 1907 to 1933 and from 1954 to 1969. From 1913 to 1923 he also published the bi-monthly political and cultural publication Das Neue Deutschland , which was an organ of the young conservative movement .

At the First World War Grabowsky participated as a sergeant. He then taught from 1921 to 1933 as a lecturer at the German University of Politics (DHfP), from 1925 as head of the seminar for geopolitics , and from 1930 also at the Technical University of Berlin . In addition, from 1926 to 1933 he was a research associate at the Foreign Office . Since 1929 he published the Weltpolitische Bücherei .

After the National Socialists came to power , Grabowsky was dismissed because of his Jewish descent. He emigrated to Switzerland in 1934 and settled in Basel . There he founded a teaching and research institute called Weltpolitisches Archiv with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation . In 1940 he was expatriated by the Nazi rulers.

After 1945 Grabowsky made many lecture tours in West Germany . In 1950 he took over a chair for political science at the University of Marburg for nine months , until the vacant chair was then taken over by Wolfgang Abendroth . Then he had a paid teaching position in Marburg until 1966. In addition, since 1952 he had a corresponding teaching position at the University of Giessen .

Grabowsky was the only representative of early German geopolitics who had been instrumentalized by National Socialism and was therefore discredited and taboo in the Federal Republic, who consistently pursued this approach. At the University of Marburg there was a diametrical relationship between the two political scientists, the Marxist Abendroth and the national-conservative Grabowsky. He was not granted an honorary professorship with the right to award doctorates, which Grabowsky (and his students) wanted. He also remained a lecturer at the University of Giessen. Abendroth saw the long-standing awarding of the teaching post to Grabowsky as a compensation for his political positions wanted by the philosophical faculty.

In addition to his academic work, Adolf Grabowsky worked as a poet, dramatist and later also as a radio play author and translator. In 1960 he was awarded the Goethe plaque from the Hessian Ministry of Science and Art , and in 1961 the Great Federal Cross of Merit .

Fonts (selection)

Scientific writings

  • State and space. Basics of spatial thinking in world politics . Zentralverlag, Berlin 1928.
  • Space as fate. The problem of geopolitics . C. Heymann, Berlin 1933.
  • Social-imperialism as the last stage of imperialism. World Political Archive, Basel 1939.
  • Space, State and History. Foundation of geopolitics . Heymann, Cologne / Berlin 1960.

Literary works

  • The battle for Böcklin , S. Cronbach, Berlin 1906.
  • The eyes. Two fairy tales . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1912.
  • Poems . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1912.
  • God and the procrastinator. A myth . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1912.

literature

  • Grabowski, Adolf (sic!). In: Biographisches Handbuch der Deutschensprachigen Emigration nach 1933. Vol. 2, Saur, Munich 1983, p. 176.
  • Horst Knospe: Grabowsky, Adolf. In: Wilhelm Bernsdorf , Horst Knospe (Ed.): Internationales Soziologenlexikon. Volume 1: Articles on sociologists who died by the end of 1969. 2nd, revised edition. Enke, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-432-82652-4 , p. 155 f.
  • Joachim Klein: Adolf Grabowsky, a forgotten political scientist. In: Benno Hafeneger , Wolfram Schäfer (Ed.): A departure between want and refusal (= Marburg in the post-war years. Vol. 2; = Marburg city writings on history and culture. Vol. 68). Rathaus-Verlag, Marburg 2000, pp. 393-410.
  • Siegfried Mielke (Ed.) With the collaboration of Marion Goers, Stefan Heinz , Matthias Oden, Sebastian Bödecker: Unique - Lecturers, students and representatives of the German University of Politics (1920-1933) in the resistance against National Socialism. Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86732-032-0 , p. 49 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, biographical information is based on: Entry "Grabowsky, Adolf" in Munzinger Online / Personen - Internationales Biographisches Archiv , on December 16, 2016.
  2. ↑ There is erroneous information in the sources about Grabowsky's academic status. Joachim Klein quotes a document from the Hessian university administration in which Grabowsky is named as a former professor of the DHfP. Joachim Klein: "I felt very much at home in Marburg." Adolf Grabowsky - a forgotten political scientist. In: Wolfgang Hecker u. a. (Ed.), Politics and Science. 50 Years of Political Science in Marburg , Vol. 1, Lit, Münster 2001, pp. 50–64, here p. 51. But there were no professorships at the DHfP.
  3. ↑ Ulrich Menzel notes: “Grabowsky had to go into exile in Switzerland because of his Jewish descent, not because of his political convictions.” Ulrich Menzel: Between Idealism and Realism. The doctrine of international relations. Frankfurt / M. 2001, p. 60, note 2.
  4. ↑ Joachim Klein: “I felt very comfortable in Marburg.” Adolf Grabowsky - a forgotten political scientist. In: Wolfgang Hecker u. a. (Ed.), Politics and Science. 50 Years of Political Science in Marburg , Vol. 1, Lit, Münster 2001, pp. 50–64, here p. 51.
  5. ↑ Joachim Klein: “I felt very comfortable in Marburg.” Adolf Grabowsky - a forgotten political scientist. In: Wolfgang Hecker u. a. (Ed.), Politics and Science. 50 Years of Political Science in Marburg , Vol. 1, Lit, Münster 2001, pp. 50–64, here pp. 51 ff .; Differing from other sources, Klemens Wittebur says that Grabowsky was his associate professor in Gießen from 1953 onwards. Klemens Wittebur: The German Sociology in Exile 1933 - 1945. A biographical cartography. Lit, Münster 1991, p. 79.
  6. ↑ Ulrich Menzel: Between idealism and realism. The doctrine of international relations. Frankfurt / M. 2001, p. 61, note 7.
  7. ↑ Joachim Klein: “I felt very comfortable in Marburg.” Adolf Grabowsky - a forgotten political scientist. In: Wolfgang Hecker u. a. (Ed.), Politics and Science. 50 Years of Political Science in Marburg , Vol. 1, Lit, Münster 2001, pp. 50–64, here p. 57 f.
  8. ↑ Wolfgang Abendroth - A life in the labor movement. Conversations. Recorded and edited. by Barbara Dietrich and Joachim Perels . Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1976, p. 215.
  9. ↑ Award of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany on April 26, 1961 . In: The Hessian Prime Minister (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1961 No. 19 , p. 525 , point 508 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.5 MB ]).
personal data
SURNAME Grabowsky, Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German political scientist
DATE OF BIRTH August 31, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH 23rd August 1969
Place of death Arlesheim , Switzerland