Adolf Tobler

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Adolf Tobler 1904 on a photograph by Nicola Perscheid
The father Salomon Tobler 1794-1875 with Adolf Tobler, oil painting by Ed. Steiner

Adolf Tobler (born May 24, 1835 in Hirzel , Canton of Zurich , † March 18, 1910 in Berlin ) was a Swiss Romance philologist . In Berlin he was associate professor for Romance philology from 1867, and from 1870 professor for Romance philology. He held the post of university rector from 1890 to 1891.

Life

Adolf Tobler was the son of pastor Salomon Tobler (1794–1878) and his wife Ursula Hirzel. His siblings were the Germanist Ludwig Tobler (1827–1895) and the historian Wilhelm Tobler. After graduating from high school in Zurich, he studied at the universities of Zurich and Bonn , where he was particularly influenced by Friedrich Christian Diez and Nicolaus Delius and established a lifelong friendship with Gaston Paris . In 1857 he received his doctorate in Zurich.

In 1867 he was appointed to a professorship at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin and taught there until his death in 1910. In 1881 he was the first Romance philologist to be accepted into the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences . From 1905 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Adolf Tobler's brother Ludwig was a Germanist and folklorist, his brother Wilhelm a historian.

Almost 75 years old, Tobler announced his intention to retire on April 1, 1910. His compatriot Heinrich Morf was already appointed as his successor when Tobler died in Berlin two weeks before the scheduled date, on March 18, 1910. He was buried in the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Cemetery in Charlottenburg - Westend . The grave has not been preserved.

Services

Tobler was a medievalist and linguistic historian . As a medievalist he emerged with exemplary editions of old French and Occitan texts and with astute contributions to textual criticism, as a linguistic historian he made a name for himself primarily as a syntactician. Tobler wrote his five-volume main work Mixed Contributions to French Grammar between 1886 and 1908.

Numerous phenomena of Romance syntax were first and accurately described by Tobler. The discovery of the «Lex Tobler-Mussafia» , named after him and Adolf Mussafia , is famous and states that in the Romance languages ​​an unstressed element must not open a sentence. This law explains z. B. that the Objektpronomina demand in French, the positive imperative, which denied this but imperative prefixes ( dis- moi vs. Ne me dis pas ). From 1857 until the end of his life, Tobler prepared the publication of an Old French dictionary, which, however, was only realized by his student Erhard Lommatzsch . The dictionary, which comprises eleven volumes, was only completed in 2002 by Lommatzsch's student Hans Helmut Christmann and his colleagues.

Works

  • Presentation of the Latin conjugation and its Romance design: together with some remarks on the Provencal Alexanderlied (dissertation), Höhr, Zurich 1857
  • Poems by Jehan de Condet based on the Casanian manuscript ( Library of the Litterarian Society in Stuttgart , 54), Stuttgart 1860
  • From the Chanson de geste by Auberi after a Vatican manuscript ( Mittheilungen from Old French manuscripts, vol. 1), Salomon Hirzel , Leipzig 1870
  • Li dis dou vrai aniel. The parable of the real rings, French poetry of the thirteenth century, first published from a Parisian manuscript , S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1871
  • From the French verse of old and new times. Compilation of the starting points , S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1880
  • Mixed contributions to French grammar first to fifth series, S. Hirzel, 3rd, increased edition, Leipzig 1886–1912

literature

  • Doris Jakubec: Adolf Tobler. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Hermann Krapoth: Tobler, Adolf . In: Harro Stammerjohann (Ed.): Lexicon grammaticorum. Who's who in the History of World Linguistics . Max Niemeyer, Tübingen 1996, pp. 920-921.
  • Franz Lebsanft: Adolf Tobler (1835–1910): "The entire wealth of human nature." In: Ursula Bähler / Richard Trachsler (eds.): Portraits de médiévistes suisses (1850–2000). Une profession au fil du temps. Genève 2009, pp. 61–95.
  • Jürgen Storost: Adolf Tobler. In: Jürgen Storost: 300 years of Romance languages ​​and literatures at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. Lang, Frankfurt a. M. 2000, Part 1, pp. 240-247.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die kleine Enzyklopädie , Encyclios-Verlag, Zurich, 1950, Volume 2, page 762.
  2. ^ Ingrid Bigler-Marschall: Salomon Tobler. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . January 24, 2012 , accessed June 13, 2019 .
  3. ^ Professor Adolf Tobler † . In: Berliner Tageblatt , March 18, 1910, evening edition, pp. 2–3.
  4. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 481.
personal data
SURNAME Tobler, Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss Romance Studies
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1835
PLACE OF BIRTH Hirzel
DATE OF DEATH March 18, 1910
Place of death Berlin