Aenne Schmücker

Aenne Schmücker (actually Anna Schmücker ; born July 2, 1893 in Berleburg , † 1986 ) was a German teacher , ethnologist and translator . She was a recognized expert on Eskimo culture .

Life

Aenne Schmücker passed her school leaving examination in Kassel in 1914 . From 1917 to 1923 she studied geography , history and the German language in Frankfurt am Main , Münster and Freiburg im Breisgau . After a trip through Scandinavia , she spent her legal clerkship from 1924 to 1926 at the Schillerschule in Frankfurt. She then taught philanthropy at the Lyceum there . After visiting Iceland in 1928 , she traveled from July 27 to November 2, 1929 with the geographer Walter Böhme (1904–1969) to West Greenland , where she met Alfred Wegener . 1930/31 Schmücker was to Breslau and, after a further four years at the Schiller School in Frankfurt finally to Wiesbaden , where she until she retired as a school teacher remained on October 1, 1958th She died in 1986.

power

In addition to her school service, Aenne Schmücker was scientifically active. Her trip to Greenland, where she met the Danish ethnologist and polar researcher Knud Rasmussen and became his close colleague, shaped her career . He selected the recognized expert on Eskimo culture in 1933 to participate in his seventh Thule expedition . After his sudden death, she arranged for a partial edition of his estate. She edited four of his works and translated them into German.

At the end of the 1930s, she advised Johannes Georgi on the planning of an Arctic expedition financially supported by the Senckenberg Society . The "Senckenberg Greenland Expedition" planned for 1939 was to operate four independent research stations in parallel. Aenne Schmücker was assigned to lead the folklore work of the so-called "Thule Group". Systematic anthropological studies of the polar areskimos should be at the center of their work . In addition, she wanted to continue the research started by Alfred Wegener's expedition in 1930/31 among the Inuit Tasiilaqs in East Greenland. In continuation of the excavations of the Danish archaeologist Erik Holtved (1899–1981), she wanted to clarify whether the Viking objects in the old Thule culture came there through trade, or whether the Vikings themselves had gone to Labrador . For reasons of foreign policy, the expedition was postponed to 1940. The Second World War finally prevented it from being carried out.

Works (selection)

Monographs

• The Frankfurt home landscape illustrated by excursion examples, Verlag Engelert und Schlosser, Frankfurt am Main 1927 (= Rhein-Mainische Forschungen , issue 1).

Magazine articles

• Which ethnographic and archaeological research results did Prof. Dr. Helge Larsen in Alaska? In: Polarforschung 25, 1955, pp. 355-359. hdl : 10013 / epic.29159.d001
• Knud Rasmussen on the 25th anniversary of his death . In: Polarforschung 27, 1957, pp. 43-45. hdl : 10013 / epic.29177.d001
• The Eskimo's view of life . In: Polarforschung 28, 1958, pp. 94-99. hdl : 10013 / epic.29188.d001
• The Paleo-Eskimo cultures in Disko Bay, W. Greenland . In: Polarforschung 29, 1959, pp. 154-158. hdl : 10013 / epic.29197.d001

Translations

• Knud Rasmussen: The gift of the eagle. Eskimo fairy tales from Alaska , Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1937
• Knud Rasmussen: My travel diary. Across the Greenland Ice Sheet to Peary Land , S. Fischer, Berlin 1938
• Knud Rasmussen: The great sleigh journey , Chamier, Essen 1944 (with a foreword by Aenne Schmücker: Knud Rasmussen, a heroic life of the Arctic )
• Knud Rasmussen: Snow Hut Songs. Eskimo chants , Chamier, Essen 1947
• Humayun Kabir : People on the river , European publishing company, Frankfurt am Main 1955

literature

• Frank Berger: Friedrich Sieburg and Änne Schmücker as Greenland propagandists . In: Frankfurt and the North Pole. Researchers and discoverers in the eternal ice (= writings of the Historisches Museum Frankfurt am Main no. 26), Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-86568-285-7 , pp. 161–166.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Manfred Hitzeroth: 1000 Reichsmarks were travel capital for the expedition in Oberhessische Presse on January 28, 2016, accessed on December 11, 2017.
2. ↑ German Society for Polar Research , Working Group on the History of Polar Research, Circular 12/03 ( Memento from August 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 622 kB), p. 32.
3. ↑ Personnel news in the area of ​​the Hessian Minister for Education and Popular Education from August 21, 1958 . In: State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1958 No. 52 , p. 1572 ff ., item 1259; F. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 4.6 MB ]).
4. ↑ Cornelia Lüdecke: German polar research since the turn of the century and the influence of Erich von Drygalski (PDF; 11.0 MB). (= Reports on Polar Research No. 158), Bremerhaven 1995, p. 96 f.