al-Luhayya
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اللحية al-Luhayya |
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| Coordinates | 15 ° 42 ′ N , 42 ° 42 ′ E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Yemen | ||
| al-Huddaida | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | YE-HU | ||
| height | 7 m | ||
| Residents | 6055 (calculation 2012) | ||
Al-Luhayya (also: al-Luḥayyah , Luhayyah , Alluheyah , al-Loheiya , al-Luhaija ; Arabic اللحية, DMG al-Luḥaiya ) is a small coastal town in the governorate of al-Hudaida in western Yemen on the Red Sea . According to the official 2004 census, the city had 4869 inhabitants, and according to calculations in 2012, 6055 citizens.
The city's port is located 6 km to the southwest and is therefore partially protected by the offshore island of al-Urmak . It used to be considered one of the largest ports in the country - although the city was only very small. In addition, the city is important for the internal supply of the country with rock salt .
history
According to local traditions, the city was built around the residence and tomb of a venerated holy man, Sheikh Ali az-Zayla'i .
Al-Luhayya developed into an important export market for coffee from the middle of the 15th century . By the end of the 18th century, the city had developed into a market center. They sealed off city walls well. In 1762 the explorer Carsten Niebuhr visited the flourishing coffee metropolis on behalf of the Danish crown . He claims to have met “intelligent people with polite manners”. On the other hand, Niehbuhr describes that the port of al-Luhayya was already exposed to raids and vandalism at the time of his arrival, especially by the Ḥāšid and Bakīl tribes . In the year before his arrival, the city is said to have been almost completely burned down.
From 1800 the Ottoman Empire conquered the market town. Over time, the port's importance and economic prosperity waned, a fate that also befell al-Muchā . The port expansion of Aden and the turmoil of the war were also responsible. During the colonial era, coffee was marketed worldwide. Subsequently, Saudi Wahhabis destroyed parts of the city after Yemeni tribes made efforts to recapture northern regions of the Tihama . In 1912 the city was severely damaged in the course of the Italo-Turkish War .
1918 Al Luḩayyah was organized by the British Navy in collaboration with the Saudi rulers of the Arab dynasty of Idrisids of Asir conquered. It was not until 1925 that the city came under Yemeni authority again.
In spring 1934 the city was attacked again by the Saudis as part of the Saudi-Yemeni war . In the same year, however, the Taif Accords forced them out of the country again. The border conflicts, which flared up again and again, could only be finally resolved in 2000 with the Jeddah Agreement .
The modern ports of Ahmadi and al-Hudaida are now sea trading centers.
literature
- Hans Becker, Volker Höhfeld, Horst Kopp: Coffee from Arabia. the change in the meaning of a global economic good and its settlement-geographical consequence at the dry border of ecumenism , Wiesbaden (= geographic knowledge 46), 1979
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Horst Kopp (Ed.): Länderkunde Yemen , Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag Wiesbaden, 2005, p. 122
- ^ Yemen: Daniel McLaughlin, the Bradt travel guide
- ^ Josef Wiesehöfer, Stephan Conermann, Carsten Niebuhr (1733-1815) and his time
- ^ Niebuhr, travel description to Arabia and other surrounding countries, Vol. I-II, Copenhagen 1774–1778
