Alaisa Pashkevich

Alaisa Pashkevich

Alaisa Paschkewitsch ( pseudonym mostly Цётка (Zjotka) ; Belarusian Алаіза Сцяпанаўна Пашкевіч, Alaiza Paškievič; Polish Alaiza Paszkiewicz * 15. July 1876 in Gut Pieszczyn in Powiat Lida ; † 5. February 1916 in Lida, Russian Empire ) was a Belarusian poet and Author and social and political activist at the time of the national-democratic rebirth.

Life

Pashkewitsch came from a wealthy aristocratic family . She had two brothers who died at the front in 1915 and three sisters. She received her schooling from the private tutor, at a private school in Vilnius and at the girls' high school in Saint Petersburg . There she attended Lesgaft courses from 1902 to 1904 and acquired knowledge of medicine , hygiene and education. Pashkevich becomes a member of the student group “Круг беларускай народнай прасветы” (Circle for Belarusian National Education) , which aims for the national liberation of Belarus. During this time she began to write poetry, but also wrote political brochures. In 1903 , Pashkevich co-founded the Belarusian Socialist Hramada (Belarusian Беларуская Сацыялістычная Грамада; Bjelaruskaja Sazyjalistichnaja Hramada), the country's first political party.

Alaisa Pashkewitsch (1904)

Pashkevich returned to Vilnius in 1904 and worked there as a doctor's assistant in the hospital. She did propaganda work for two years. She organized revolutionary working groups, wrote proclamations, and gave speeches at rallies and meetings. In 1905 she was Vilna's delegate to a workers' congress in Moscow . To avoid political persecution, Paschkewitsch went to Lemberg in Austro-Hungarian Galicia at the end of 1905 . There she will be a guest student at the University of Lviv . She earns her living as a masseuse . During this time, the poetry collections “Хрэст на свабоду” (The Cross of Freedom) and “Скрыпка беларуская” (Belarusian violin) were published . With a false passport, Pashkevich visited Vilna, where she helped found the newspaper “Наша доля” (Nascha Dola) . The first issue contains her story The Oath with Bloody Fingers . She sends further works to “Наша Ніва” (Nascha Niwa) . Her work is hampered by tuberculosis from which she is recovering in Zakopane .

For two more years (1908–1909) Paschkewitsch studied at the humanist faculty of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow , where she also became a member of the university's revolutionary youth organization. Inspired by Irena Solska , she dealt with theater and wrote a scientific paper on the Belarusian stick puppet theater "Батлейка".

In 1911 she founded several underground Belarusian schools with Uladsislawa Luzewitsch, who five years later married Janka Kupala . Alaisa Pashkevich married Steponas Kairys , a Lithuanian engineer and activist , in February 1912 . With her married name in her passport, she was officially able to return to Vilnius and Belarus. There she took part in several performances of the troupe "Трупа Буйніцкага" by I. Bajnicki (Ігнат Цярэнцьевіч Буйніцкі), which provided popular education with theatrical performances. In 1914 Pashkevich was the founder and first editor of "Лучынка" (Łučynka, Fackel ), the first Belarusian magazine for children and young people. Her poor health forced her to go to Finland and Sweden to recover.

During the First World War , Pashkewitsch worked as a nurse and looked after typhoid patients . In addition, she continued to work in the education sector, founded schools and sought courses for teachers, which she also trained herself. In November 1915 the first Belarusian school was opened in Vilnius. In early 1916 she traveled to her father's funeral and there helped villagers who were sick with typhus.

Alaisa Pashkevich died on February 5, 1916, weakened by tuberculosis and hunger.

Famous works

Influenced by Franzischak Bahuschewitsch's work , Paschkewitsch began to write in 1902. Her work includes poetry , prose , journalistic journalism and scientific essays . Over the course of 14 years she used a number of pseudonyms, of which "Цётка" (Zjotka, Ciotka) is the best known. In addition, Pashkevich published as: Мацей Крапіўка, Крапіўка, М. Крапівіха, Крапівіха, Гаўрыла з Полацка, Гаўрыла, Тымчасовы and Банадысь Асака.

Well-known works (selection)

• Скрыпка Беларуская (Belarusian violin)
• Вам, суседзі (To you, neighbors)
• Лета (summer)
• Мае думкі (My thoughts)
• Вера беларуса (Belief of a Belarusian)
• Мужык не зьмяніўся (Man has not changed)
• На магіле (In the cemetery)
• На чужой старонцы (On the other side)
• Восень (autumn)
• Артыст грайкa (Artist Grajka)
• Хрэст на свабоду (The Cross of Freedom)
• Мора (sea)
• Добрыя весці (Good news)
• Бунтаўнік (A rebel)
• Пад штандарам (With the banner)
• Перад Новым годам (On New Year's Eve)
• Лясы (forest) .

literature

• «Цётка» In: Беларуская энцыклапедыя: У 18 т.Т. 17. Volume 17. Minsk 2003. ISBN 985-11-0035-8 . Pp. 110-111.
• «Цётка» In: Энцыклапедыя гісторыі Беларусі. Volume 6. Minsk 2003. pp. 101-102.
• «Цётка» In: Энцыклапедыя літаратуры і мастацтва Беларусі. Volume 6. Minsk 1987. pp. 472-473.
• “Цётка (1876–1916)” In: Рыгор Бярозкін: “Слова пра літаратуру і літаратараў. літаратурна-крытычныя артыкулы па беларускай літаратуры ». Volume 1. Minsk 2001. pp. 226-248.

Web links

Commons : Alaisa Pashkewitsch  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Alaisa Paschkewitsch in the Belarusian Wikisource  - sources and full texts (Belarusian)

• «Алаіза Пашкевіч (Цётка)» (Belarusian)

Remarks

1. ↑ «Батлейкі на Беларусі і іх сувязь з польскай драматычнай літаратурай".