Ali Akbar Mohtashami

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hodschatoleslam Ali-Akbar Mohtaschami ( Persian علی‌اکبر محتشمی, * August 30, 1947 in Tehran ; † June 7, 2021 ibid), also called Ali-Akbar Mohtaschemi-Pur , was an Iranian - Shiite cleric who was actively involved in the 1979 Islamic Revolution as a scholar under Ayatollah Khomeini . He was an ambassador to Syria for many years and was considered the founder of Hezbollah in Lebanon .

Life

Ali-Akbar Mohteschami-Pur studied in the Shiite holy city of Najaf in Iraq , where he took part in his seminars as a companion of his mentor, Ayatollah Khomeini. After the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 he was appointed Iranian ambassador to Syria by Khomeini and worked in Damascus for many years .

He died of COVID-19 on June 7, 2021 .

Founding of Hezbollah

During his time in Damascus Mohtaschami was in direct contact with Ayatollah Khomeini and drew attention to the grievances of the Shiite minority in Lebanon. According to his own statements, he spoke out in favor of direct intervention by the Iranian army in the Lebanese civil war in favor of the Shiite minority. However, this was rejected by Ayatollah Khomeini, who was against an official penetration of the Iranian army into foreign territories. Accordingly, Mohtaschami was tasked with uniting the individual Lebanese Shiite militias. This was to be done with the help of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and members of the Iranian Hezbollah , who crossed the Iranian- Turkish border in 1982 with around 2000 Pasdaran in order to get directly into Lebanon via Syria through the Bekaa plain . The Pasdaran in Lebanon were subordinate to their then first commander Abbas Zamani (known as Abu Sharif) and the then Iranian defense minister Mostafa Tschamran , who had previously trained the Amal militia and was actively involved in the first local fighting.

After several combat missions, Tschamran returned to Iran, where he fought on the frontline of the Iran-Iraq war until his death . Subsequently, the Pasdaran in Lebanon were subordinate to Ali-Reza Asgari , who in the 1980s was entrusted by the Iranian government with securing financial and military support for the pro-Iranian militias in Lebanon. Asgari was still subordinate to Ali-Akbar Mohtaschami, who coordinated the further events with the help of the Syrian secret service from Damascus. After the Shiite militias were strengthened and brought together by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, Mohtaschami, Zamani and Asgari formed the pro-Iranian Hezbollah in Lebanon in cooperation with individual Shiite clergy from the Lebanese Dawa party and some militia leaders of the Amal movement . In contrast to terrorist warlord - gangs who from now on established Hezbollah in Lebanon declined to illegal taxation, protection money, the acquisition of the reason of displaced Casino shops or drug trafficking - one for their legitimacy decisive factor and popularity. At the same time, Iran established a network of charitable and infrastructural measures that were supposed to form the basis for Hezbollah's social activities in post-war Lebanon.

As a result of the devastating destruction of the infrastructure by the Israeli operations, Hezbollah set up a reconstruction aid with well-trained personnel in the mid-1980s . All of this was probably financed, as before, largely by Iran, but also by Hezbollah's own (external) investments in the Lebanese economy.

Appointment to parliament

Ali-Akbar Mohtaschami was appointed to his cabinet in 1989 by the new Iranian President Akbar Hāschemi Rafsanjāni . In August 1991 he took over the chairmanship of the Defense Committee of the Majles , the Iranian parliament. During the tenure of the reform-oriented President Mohammad Chātami , he was regarded as his supporter and was assigned to the reform-oriented camp. Mohtaschami was the editor of the reform- supporting magazine Bayan , which was banned in 2000 because of its dissident statements. From August 2010 he was chairman of the party association of the fighting clergy .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Iran cleric who founded Hezbollah, survived book bomb, dies. In: Independent. June 7, 2021, accessed June 7, 2021 .
personal data
SURNAME Mohtashami, Ali Akbar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mohtaschami, Ali-Akbar; Mohtaschami-Pur, Ali-Akbar (full name); علی‌اکبر محتشمی (Persian)
SHORT DESCRIPTION Iranian Shiite cleric
DATE OF BIRTH August 30, 1947
PLACE OF BIRTH Tehran
DATE OF DEATH June 7, 2021
PLACE OF DEATH Tehran