Alice Truebner

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Oil painting portrait shows Alice Trübner
Alice Trübner, painted by the husband in 1902

Alice Trübner , according to one source Alice Sophie Trübner , according to another individual source Sophie Alice Trübner , née Auerbach (born August 24, 1875 in Bradford ; † March 20, 1916 in Berlin ), was a German still life and landscape painter .

life and work

Trübner was born in Bradford, England, to an English mother and a German father. Alice Auerbach grew up mostly in Germany and after she came to Frankfurt am Main at the age of 11 , she spent her youth there.

In 1896 she moved to Munich to study painting, where she was a student at the Munich Artists' Association from 1897 to 1998 . There she learned from the head of the drawing class Ludwig Schmid-Reutte and also from Max Slevogt . From 1898 she worked in her own studio. Alice Auerbach made pictures from this period with robust and vigorous female and male heads. During the holidays she went to Frankfurt, where she met the impressionist Wilhelm Trübner (1851–1917) and went on a study trip with his group upon invitation. Then she expanded her painting skills in Frankfurt at the Städel Art Institute with Wilhelm Trübner. Since 1897/1898 he had rented a work space in the institute for his private school, which became known as the "Trübner School". The place became a meeting point for young painters interested in impressionism. With his range of courses, Wilhelm Trübner also closed a gap in the training of young women who were affected by a restricted curriculum in normal art studies. In his lessons there were for the students of both sexes a. a. the topics nude, animal studies and excursions to the Odenwald , z. B. Amorbach . There she learned to make oil paintings using the prima painting technique and transferred this from landscape painting to her preferred studio painting. She first exhibited at the Munich Secession in the summer of 1899. In 1900 Alice Trübner married her professor 24 years her senior. After their daughter died in 1901, their son Jörg (1903–1930) was born in 1903. Shortly after the birth, Trübner moved to Karlsruhe with her husband because he had been appointed to the Grand Ducal Art Academy.

While Trübner's painting technique for landscape pictures is very similar to that of her teacher, she has allowed her personality to flow into the pictures in works of studio painting. Despite strong influence, she maintained her artistic independence and individuality. So she preferred a rather dark color harmony, whereas her husband preferred bright pictures with luminaristic motifs. She chose distinctive, broken colors with a somewhat melancholy expression. The color composition was compared with a dark alto voice . The brushwork was described as 'almost masculine, strong'.

The focus of her work was on still life (flower painting, “interior” painting, figure painting) and portrait painting in the style of a still life. The pictures often showed a strange, humorous composition of motifs alluding to piquancy or women’s issues. In her search for something that had never been painted, she found motifs that could also be found repulsive. Alice was actually able to make boring everyday objects interesting by choosing colors and painting techniques.

With her knowledge of art and her understanding of art, she was at least equal to her husband and was described as extremely intelligent and talented, which, as Wilhelm wrote, was able to protect him from all too ignorant art lovers. Her husband was often involved in art discussions because a few years earlier he had written the two books The Understanding of Art Today and The Confusion of Art Concepts .

She achieved a high level of productive independence that only a few female painters achieved in her day. As in her still lifes, she loved the unusual and refined in her everyday life, was a free spirit, but also passionate and disciplined, but often appeared harsh on the outside and did not embody the typical image of femininity . After the outbreak of the war, she committed herself as a helper in the service of the wounded with great sacrifice, in addition to devoting herself to painting, housekeeping and raising her son.

Alice Trübner u. a. with author Julie Elias and poet Else Lasker-Schüler .

She was an equal advisor and critic to her husband for over 15 years as she developed her own style through his influence.

Trübner's sudden death at the age of only 40 marked a promising start to his career. Her death has been described in the contemporary media as a tragic accident or disaster. The Trübner family was very well known to the family of actress Tilla Durieux (1880–1971) and the art publisher and gallery owner Paul Cassirer (1871–1926), e. B. the husbands were in the exhibition management of the Berlin Secession. According to the actress, Alice visited the family living in Berlin at any time of the day or night. One day Trübner followed the actress Durieux to Wroclaw for a guest performance and stayed in the same hotel, where she cut her wrists. Thereafter, at the request of her husband Cassirer, Durieux was to meet Trübner one last time. The women met in the Berlin Hotel Esplanade, where Trübner shot himself with a revolver in the presence of the actress. According to Durieux, the painter's last words were a philosophical consideration of the origin of love. Wilhelm Trübner believed until the end of his life that Durieux had shot his wife in a dispute and the authorities suspected domestic espionage for England based on the time during the First World War . The number of suicides increased near Durieux in the years that followed. In 1919, her husband's son from his first marriage died by suicide and in 1926 her husband committed his suicide shortly before the divorce from Durieux.

Else Lasker-Schüler posthumously wrote a portrait poem about the essence and some still lifes by Alice Trübner.

Twenty-one months after Trübner, her husband died of a heart attack . The works of art from Wilhelm Trübner's estate, which also contained works from his wife's estate, were auctioned on June 4, 1918 in Rudolph Lepke's art auction house .

Works (selection)

  • Portraits (1896–1898, female and male heads)
  • Roofs in a thunderstorm (1899)
  • Studies (1901)
  • Morning Mood (study), 1902
  • Landscape (Odenwald landscape viewed in a rainy mood, 1902)
  • Portrait of the painter Ida Görtz (1903)
  • Still life (1904)
  • Grape Still Life (1906)
  • Still life of clothes (1907)
  • Bottle Still Life (1907)
  • Bottles on a yellow background
  • Still life (bottle still life)
  • Doll with glass cover (1907)
  • Doll under glass cover
  • Bottles and Japanese Mask (1910)
  • Japanese doll with candlestick (1915; also: Japanese doll)
  • Knitting lady , also: lady with wool knitting
  • Water bottle, lemons and begonias
  • Plants and siphon bottle (potted plants on table with water carafe , glass, wine bottle, siphon bottle , lemons and cloth)
  • Clock with two glass lobes
  • Portrait of my colleague L.
  • Gate in Neuburg Abbey
  • Dresses still life with rose hat
  • Snow landscape (painting)
  • Hemsbach Castle (also: Homsbach Castle ), 1905
  • Children's still life
  • Flower pot and water bottle
  • Still life (foliage plant next to water carafe)
  • Woman portrait
  • Bourgeois room (doll sits at the piano)
  • Lichtenberg Castle in the Odenwald
  • Still life with a woman (head of a woman laid on the red blanket of a bed)
  • Still life with a woman (woman in bed covered with a red blanket, in front of it are the washing toilet and dishes)
  • Still life (green apples in a box, next to them liqueur bottles)
  • Still life (a bed curtain , in front of which there is an armchair with men's trousers on it)
  • Still life (women's underwear lies on the ground next to yellow men's rain boots and women's ankle boots)
  • Still life (table with champagne and red wine bottle, a pineapple and two half-full champagne glasses)
  • Still life (yellow women's cape draped over the back of the chair, a poster of a masked ball on the leather wallpaper )
  • Still life (apples)
  • Still life (pink roses in a glass on a green blanket)
  • Still life (two seashells and two bottles)
  • Still life (two potted plants; also: two potted plants in a corner of the room)
  • Still life (table clock and candlestick)
  • Still life (view on Lake Starnberg, 1910; without houses)
  • Still life (view on Lake Starnberg with Hotel Schloss Berg)
  • Still life (Jörg Trübner; also: Jorg Trubner; portrait of her son)

Exhibitions (selection)

  • 1899: Munich Secession
  • 1901: 3rd annual exhibition of the Frankfurt artists, in the Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1902: 4th annual exhibition of the Frankfurt artists, in the Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1902: First collective exhibition, Frankfurt-Cronberger Künstlerbund, Hermes Art Salon, as Alice Auerbach
  • 1903: 7th art exhibition of the Berlin Secession, exhibition house Kantstrasse
  • 1904: 6th annual exhibition of the Frankfurt artists, in the Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1904: 9th art exhibition of the Berlin Secession , exhibition house Kantstrasse
  • 1904: International Art Exhibition Düsseldorf 1904
  • 1904: Exhibition, Kunstverein in Karlsruhe
  • 1905: Caspar's Art Salon, solo exhibition
  • 1905: Spring exhibition, Munich Secession
  • 1905: Spring exhibition of the Karlsruhe artists in the bar of the Badischer Kunstverein
  • 1905: Frankfurter Kunstsalon M. Goldschmidt & Co, exhibition with Hermann Klimsch
  • 1905: Kunstverein exhibition, Karlsruhe, several works
  • 1906: First exhibition of the association of female artists , location: Kunst-Salon Fritz Gurlitt, Berlin
  • 1906: 11th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, 1906
  • 1906: 11th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1906: Karlsruhe anniversary exhibition; Anniversary art exhibition of the Karlsruhe artists (Golden Wedding of the Grand Duke couple of Baden)
  • 1906: German art exhibition in Cologne, 1906
  • 1906: Thoma Trübner exhibition, Nassauischer Kunstverein , Wiesbaden, (together with husband and Hans Thoma )
  • 1907: 9th annual exhibition of the Frankfurt artists, in the Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1907: Collection, location: Kunstverein Karlsruhe
  • 1907: Mannheim International Art Exhibition 1907
  • 1907: 13th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1908: Christmas exhibition of the Karlsruhe artists
  • 1908: 10th annual exhibition of Frankfurt artists, location: Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1908: Exhibition in the New Year, location: Kunst-Salon Fritz Gurlitt, Berlin
  • 1908: Annual exhibition of the Frankfurt-Cronberger Künstlerbund (corresponds to a Frankfurt Secession ), location: Frankfurter Kunstverein
  • 1908: Exhibition of the touring collection of the Künstlerbund Karlsruhe, in the Kunstverein, Karlsruhe, duration: 2 days
  • 1908: 15th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1909: German Art Exhibition Baden-Baden 1909, Organizer: Free Artists Association Baden
  • 1909: 18th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1910: 2nd German Art Exhibition Baden-Baden 1910
  • 1910: 20th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, exhibition house Kurfürstendamm
  • 1911: Exhibition, Free Association of Darmstadt Artists , Mathildenhöhe exhibition building
  • 1912: Exhibition Women at Home and at Work , including a section with female artists, Berlin
  • 1912: 24th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1913: 11th international art exhibition in the Munich Glass Palace
  • 1913: 26th exhibition of the Berlin Secession, Kurfürstendamm exhibition center
  • 1914: International exhibition in the Kunsthalle Bremen 1914
  • 1914: Free Secession Berlin 1914 (1st exhibition)
  • 1916: Free Secession Berlin 1916 (2nd exhibition)
  • 1917: Free Secession Berlin 1917 (3rd exhibition)

Biographies

Web links

Commons : Alice Trübner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d women artists in the Berlin Secession. Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, December 8, 2017, accessed on April 16, 2019 .
  2. ^ A b Hermann Alexander Müller: Supplements and corrections . In: Hans Wolfgang Singer (Ed.): General Artist Lexicon: Life and works of the most famous visual artists . 3. Edition. Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1906 (295 + 5 pages, text archive - Internet Archive ).
  3. a b K. (abbreviation): Personalnachrichten . (Section: Died ). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 33 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1915–1916 ). 33 (31st year), No. 15/16 . F. Bruckmann, Munich May 1, 1916, p. 315-316 , p. 316, re. Sp., Below ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  4. a b c d e f g Sigrid Bauschinger: The Cassirers: entrepreneurs, art dealers, philosophers . CHBeck, October 19, 2015 ( limited preview in Google book search [accessed on April 16, 2019] Quoted from: Biography written by Julius Elias (see individual references), book of poems about Else Lasker-Schüler (see individual references), autobiography by Tilla Durieux (see individual references)).
  5. a b c d Tilla Durieux: My first ninety years: Memories: The years 1952–1971 retold by Joachim Werner Preuss . Herbig, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-7766-0562-6 , pp. 23, 24, 225-227, 240-248 .
  6. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Karl Widmer: Alice Trübner . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: 35th Volume Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1916–1917 ). 35 (32nd year), No. 3/4 . Munich November 1, 1916, p. 51–59 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  7. a b c d e f Julius Elias: Alice Trübner † . (Biography). In: Kunst und Künstler: Illustrated monthly for fine arts and applied arts . tape 14 . Bruno Cassirer, Berlin 1916, p. 367 , doi : 10.11588 / diglit.4751 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed on April 20, 2019] Quoted from: W. Trübner Personalalien und Principles (see individual references)).
  8. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Alfred Mayer: Alice Trübner † . (Biography). In: Alexander Koch (Hrsg.): German art and decoration . 38 (19th year). Alexander Koch, Darmstadt May 1916, p. 126 , doi : 10.11588 / diglit.8538.16 , urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-diglit-85387 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed April 19, 2019]).
  9. a b c Dagmar Hirschfelder: No. 2: Alice Trübner, geb. Auerbach (1875–1916), wife of the artist. In: arthistoricum.net Specialized Information Service Art. Saxon State Library: State and University Library Dresden, accessed on April 15, 2019 .
  10. ^ A b Hans-Bernd Heier: Coming and Going: From Courbet to Kirkeby in the Giersch Museum (1). In: FeullegonFrankfurt: The magazine for art, culture & lifestyle. Pera Kammann, accessed April 16, 2019 .
  11. ^ A b Hans Rosenhagen: Wilhelm Trübner . In: Friedrich Pecht (Hrsg.): The art for all . (Identical to Die Kunst. Monthly Issues for Free and Applied Arts, Volume 5 ). 17th year (1901–1902), No. 16 . F. Bruckmann, Munich May 15, 1902, p. 361–369 , p. 364, right column, bottom , urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-diglit-120803 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed April 20, 2019]).
  12. ^ A b c d Hans Rosenhagen: From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Berlin , Section: A just reasoned ). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 13 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1905–1906 ). 13 (21st year), No. 12 . F. Bruckmann, Munich March 15, 1906, p. 281-286 , p. 284, re. Sp. ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  13. ^ A b Hans Rosenhagen: From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Berlin , Section: A just reasoned ). In: Fritz Schwartz (Hrsg.): The art for all . Volume 21 (1905–1906), No. 12 . F. Bruckmann, Munich March 15, 1906, p. 281–286 , p. 284, right column ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed on April 16, 2019]).
  14. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Hans Rosenhagen: From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Berlin, Section: In Caspers Kunstsalon). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 11 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1904–1905 ). 11 (20th year), No. 14 . Munich April 15, 1905, p. 335-343 , p. 339, left. Sp., Above ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  15. ^ A b Benno Rüttenauer: From the big pile of the Cologne exhibition . In: Die Reinlande . tape 11 , 1906, pp. 205–219 , doi : 10.11588 / diglit.26233.56 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed on April 16, 2019]).
  16. a b c From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Karlsruhe ). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 11 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1904–1905 ). 11 (20th year), No.  8 . Munich January 15, 1905, p. 187–192 , p. 191, top left ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  17. ^ A b Hans Rosenhagen: The XI. Exhibition of the Berlin Secession: II. (End) . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 13 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1905–1906 ). 13 (21st year), No. 19 . F. Bruckmann, Munich July 1, 1906, p. 433-446 , p. 441, left. Sp. ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  18. a b From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Karlsruhe). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 13 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1905–1906 ). 13 (21st year), No.  7 . F. Bruckmann, Munich January 1, 1906, p. 167 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  19. a b c d e f g h i j Georg Fuchs: Alice Trübner † . (Biography and pictures). In: Alexander Koch (Hrsg.): German art and decoration . 38 (19th year). Darmstadt September 1916, p. 388–395 , doi : 10.11588 / diglit.8538.48 , urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-diglit-85387 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed April 15, 2019]).
  20. ^ Wilhelm Trübner: Personal details and principles . Bruno Cassirer, Berlin, p. 42 and 43 .
  21. Art literature . In: Friedrich Pecht (ed.): The art: monthly books for free and applied art . (Also: 1st volume Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1899–1900 ). 1 (15th year), No.  9 . F. Bruckmann, Munich February 1, 1900, p. 216 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  22. ^ Wilhelm Trübner: The understanding of art today . Caesar Fritsch, Munich 1892.
  23. ^ Wilhelm Trübner: The confusion of art terms: considerations . Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1898, urn : nbn: de: gbv: wim2-g-3892032 ( europeana.eu [accessed April 20, 2019]).
  24. a b Hannah Ripperger (also: Hannah Reisinger): Portraits of Tilla Durieux: visual staging of a theater star . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-8471-0634-0 , note 541 , doi : 10.14220 / 9783737006347 ( limited preview in the Google book search [accessed on April 16, 2019] Quoted from Julie Elias (1924): Taschenbuch für Damen page 21 and Tilla Durieux (1979, autobiography) pages 241-246; eBook ISBN 978-3-8470-0634-3 ).
  25. a b Else Lasker-Schüler: Alice Trübner . (Dedicated to the son: 'your dear boy'). In: Norbert Oellers, Karl Jürgen Skrodzki, (Ed.): Else Lasker-Schüler: Works and Letters: Critical Edition . tape 1.1 . Jüdischer Verlag (near Suhrkamp), Frankfurt am Main 1996, p. 201, 202 .
  26. a b Else Lasker-Schüler: Poems. In: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  27. K.SCH. (Abbreviation; probably Karl Schwarz): Wilhelm Trübner † . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 37 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1917–1918 ). 37 (33rd year), No. 9/10 . F. Bruckmann, Munich February 1, 1918, p. 160 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  28. Wilhelm Trübner's estate: Part 1: Own paintings, works by his wife Alice, works from the circle of friends . In: Rudolph Lepke's Kunst-Auctions-Haus (Hrsg.): Catalog (auction) . 1806A. Berlin 1918 (92 pages + 143 plates).
  29. ^ Rudolph Lepke's Art Auctions House . ( Wikisource )
  30. ^ A b Catalog of the third annual exhibition of works by Frankfurt artists in the Frankfurter Kunstverein . Frankfurt a. M. 1901, serial number 177 u. 178 , urn : nbn: de: hebis: 30-1127307 ( uni-frankfurt.de [PDF; 1,2  MB ; accessed on April 17, 2019]).
  31. ^ A b Catalog of the fourth annual exhibition of works by Frankfurt artists in the Frankfurter Kunstverein . Frankfurt a. M. 1902, serial number 188 , urn : nbn: de: hebis: 30-1127307 ( uni-frankfurt.de [PDF; 766  kB ; accessed on April 17, 2019]).
  32. a b From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Frankfurt a. M. ). In: Friedrich Pecht (Hrsg.): The art for all . (Identical to Die Kunst. Monthly Issues for Free and Applied Arts, Volume 5 ). 17th year (1901–1902), No.  15 . F. Bruckmann, Munich May 1, 1902, p. 353–354 , p. 354, right column, in the middle , urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-diglit-120803 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed April 20, 2019]).
  33. a b Catalog of the seventh art exhibition of the Berlin Secession . or Secession 1903 . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1903, p.  33 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  34. a b Catalog of the sixth annual exhibition of Frankfurt artists in the Frankfurter Kunstverein . Frankfurt a. M. 1904, serial number 151 , urn : nbn: de: hebis: 30-1127307 ( uni-frankfurt.de [PDF; 671  kB ; accessed on April 17, 2019]).
  35. a b Catalog of the eleventh exhibition at the Berlin Secession . or Secession 1906 . Exhibition house on Kurfürstendamm, Berlin 1906, p.  30 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  36. a b c Catalog of the 9th Annual Exhibition of Frankfurt Artists 1907 . Frankfurt a. M. 1907, serial number 117 u. 118 , urn : nbn: de: hebis: 30-1127307 ( uni-frankfurt.de [PDF; 260  kB ; accessed on April 17, 2019]).
  37. a b Georg Jakob Wolf: The Munich Secession on the XI. International art exhibition in the Munich Glass Palace . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 29 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1913–1914 ). 29 (29th year), No. 3 . Munich November 1, 1913, p. 49-63 , p. 58, below ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  38. a b Catalog of the thirteenth exhibition of the Berlin Secession . or Secession 1907 . Exhibition house on Kurfürstendamm, Berlin 1907, p.  31 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  39. a b c Ernst Willy Bredt: Los vom "man"! In: Alexander Koch (Hrsg.): German art and decoration . tape 38 . Darmstadt 1916, p. 396–398 , doi : 10.11588 / diglit.8538.49 ( uni-heidelberg.de [accessed on April 15, 2019]).
  40. a b Catalog of the twentieth exhibition of the Berlin Secession Berlin 1910 . or Secession 1910 . Exhibition house on Kurfürstendamm, Berlin 1910, p.  40 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  41. a b c d e f g Alice (Sophie Auerbach) Trübner (German, 1875–1916): Artworks. In: artnet. artnet AG, accessed April 20, 2019 .
  42. a b The spring exhibition of the Secession in Munich . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 11 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1904–1905 ). 11 (20th year), No.  16 . Munich May 15, 1905, p. 371–382 , on page 382, ​​left column, center ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  43. a b Catalog of the fifteenth exhibition of the Berlin Secession Berlin 1908 . or Secession 1908 . Paul Cassirer, Berlin 1908, p.  43 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  44. a b From exhibitions and collections . (Paragraph: In the Frankfurter Kunstverein ). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 19 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1908–1909 ). 19 (24th year), No.  7 . F. Bruckmann, Munich January 1, 1909, p. 173 , left Sp. ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  45. a b From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Karlsruhe). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 19 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1908–1909 ). 19 (24th year), No.  9 . F. Bruckmann, Munich February 1, 1909, p. 216-224 , p. 220, right. in the middle ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  46. From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Karlsruhe ). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 19 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1908–1909 ). 19 (24th year), No.  23 . F. Bruckmann, Munich September 1, 1909, p. 557 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  47. ^ A b H. Board: The International Art Exhibition in Düsseldorf . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: 9th volume Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1903–1904 ). 9 (19th year), No. 23 . F. Bruckmann, Munich September 1, 1904, p. 533-553 , p. 546, left. Sp., Below ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  48. From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Frankfurt a. M.). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: 7th volume Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1902–1903 ). 7 (18th year), No.  9 . Munich February 1, 1903, p. 217-223 , p. 219, left p. in the middle ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  49. Hans Rosenhagen: IX. Exhibition of the Berlin Secession . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: 9th volume Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1903–1904 ). 9 (19th year), No. 19 . F. Bruckmann, Munich July 1, 1904, p. 437-449 , p. 442, re. Sp., Center ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  50. ^ Catalog of the ninth art exhibition of the Berlin Secession . or Secession 1904 . 2nd Edition. Paul Cassirers Kunst-Verlag, Berlin 1904, p.  30 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  51. From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Karlsruhe). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 11 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1904–1905 ). 11 (20th year), No.  17 . Munich June 1, 1905, p. 412-416 , p. 412, re. Sp. In the middle ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
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  53. ^ The Karlsruhe anniversary exhibition . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 13 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1905–1906 ). 13 (21st year), No.  24 . F. Bruckmann, Munich September 15, 1906, p. 567-568 , p. 567, re. Sp. ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  54. ^ Nassauischer Kunstverein - NKV - Sept.-Oct. 1906. In: artist-info.com. Poller Media GmbH, accessed on April 18, 2019 .
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  56. Karl Kölitz: The Mannheim International Art Exhibition 1907 . In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 15 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1906–1907 ). 15 (22nd year), No. 15 . F. Bruckmann, Munich August 1, 1907, p. 489–501 , on page 491, right column, below ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  57. ^ R. Schmidt: From exhibitions and collections . (Section: Berlin). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 17 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1907–1908 ). 17 (23rd year), No. 10 . F. Bruckmann, Munich February 15, 1908, p. 232–233 , on page 232, left column ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  58. G. (abbreviation): Of exhibitions and collections . (Section: Frankfurt a. M.). In: Die Kunst: monthly books for free and applied arts . (Also: Volume 17 Free Art of Art for All ; Also: Art for All 1907–1908 ). 17 (23rd year), No. 11 . F. Bruckmann, Munich March 1, 1908, p. 255–262 , on page 256, left column, center ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
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