Bradford
Bradford | ||
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Coordinates | 53 ° 48 ′ N , 1 ° 45 ′ W | |
OS National Grid | SE163329 | |
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Residents | 293,717 (as of April 29, 2001) | |
surface | 64.4 km² (24.86 mi² ) | |
Population density: | 4561 inhabitants per km² | |
administration | ||
Post town | BRADFORD | |
ZIP code section | BD1-BD99 | |
prefix | 01274 | |
Part of the country | England | |
region | Yorkshire and the Humber | |
Shire county | West Yorkshire | |
District | Bradford | |
British Parliament | Bradford North, Bradford West, Bradford South | |
Website: bradford.gov.uk | ||
Bradford [ ˈbrædfəd ] is a city in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in the English county of West Yorkshire and eponymous core town and administrative seat of the Metropolitan Borough City of Bradford . According to the 2001 census, Bradford had a total of 293,717 inhabitants.
The Metropolitan Borough, which also includes the cities of Keighley and Shipley and rural towns, had a population of around 524,000 in 2012.
history
Bradford was a rather insignificant town until about 1840. Then, as part of industrialization , it developed into the center of industrial wool processing with the neighboring cities of Halifax and Huddersfield . From the combed wool and spun into yarn , worsted fabrics were produced that were exported worldwide. The textile industry in neighboring Lancashire was also supplied with yarn. In the late 19th century, not only domestic wool was processed, but also goods imported from Australia ( merino ) and South America ( alpaca and sheep wool). Like the neighboring cities, Bradford was a stronghold of non-conformism . In Bradford in 1893, after a strike in Manningham Mill, independent Labor candidates ran for the first time in Great Britain without an electoral alliance with the Liberals .
In 1919 Bradford became an Anglican bishopric . The Second World War, withstood Bradford largely undamaged, but something else was doing his duty. The little war damage in Bradford prompted the authorities to restructure and rebuild the city. The loss of numerous historic streets and, in general, the loss of Bradford's historic face is to be lamented. 1966 was several colleges the status of a University awarded.
Shortly before the Second World War, the first Kashmiris from Mirpur came to Bradford in what is now Asad Kashmir, now Pakistani . Bradford's Pakistani population is now the highest in Britain. There are also immigrants from Bangladesh , Muslims from the Indian state of Gujarat and Sikhs from the Punjab . At 24.7 percent, Bradford is the British city with the second highest proportion of Muslims (after Blackburn ). On the one hand, Bradford has become Curry Capital and markets itself as a multicultural model. Mohammed Ajeeb , a native of Bangladesh, was elected Britain's first Asian Mayor in 1985. On the other hand, the immigration of Muslims from South Asia brought with it specific integration problems and there is often complaint about ethnic segregation in which the individual population groups remain to themselves. Between June 9 and 11, 1995, violent unrest on the part of residents of Pakistani origin took place in the city, triggered by police intervention against “wild” football games by young people of Pakistani origin, including massive violence against non-Muslim people and property (looting, arson). The riots were subsequently discussed in Great Britain as the result of a long-term policy of turning a blind eye and neglecting the social misfortunes associated with abandoned Muslim immigration. The city had previously hit the headlines after the public burning of the Satanic Verses of Salman Rushdie by the Bradford Council of Mosques in 1989.
On May 11, 1985, Bradford's Valley Parade Stadium suffered a serious fire disaster, with 56 dead and 265 injured. The entire main stand was destroyed during a soccer game.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The parish church of St. Peter, a cathedral since 1919 , essentially dates from the 15th century and is Gothic in character. However, individual parts date from Norman times, parts of the interior furnishings from later centuries.
Bradford is home to two of Britain's most important industrial monuments . The textile factory and workers' settlement in the suburb of Saltaire were declared a World Heritage Site in 2001 . They are the anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Culture (ERIH). The Manningham Mill with its over 100 m high chimney in the style of a Tuscan town hall tower was once the largest textile factory in Europe. In the city center there are magnificent Victorian buildings such as the neo-Gothic town hall and the former wool exchange in the same style. Methodist and Baptist chapels in the working- class neighborhoods , congregational churches in the bourgeois districts identify Bradford as a (former) stronghold of non-conformism .
Deobandis and Barelwis each want to build a monumental mosque in the city , but these projects have not yet been completed due to financial difficulties. However, there is a mosque of the Ahmadiyya community and representative Sikh and Hindu temples in the city .
Museums
- Downtown is the National Science and Media Museum .
- The Cartwright Art Gallery was established in an industrialist villa in 1904.
- The Industrial Museum recreates life in the age of industrialization.
Others
Bradford is the setting for the crime thrillers Tony Hill and Carol Jordan from Val McDermid . The crime films are broadcast on German-speaking television under the title Hautnah - Die Methode Hill . In addition, a traditional mela (bazaar) is held annually in Bradford, which is home to many South Asian immigrants (mostly of Muslim faith) .
Sports
The football club Bradford City - FA Cup winner in 1911 - has been playing in the third-tier League One since the 2013/14 season . With the Bradford Bulls , the city can also boast a successful rugby league club.
In 1985 and 1990, the Speedway Individual World Cup final took place in Bradford's Odsal Stadium.
Former snooker player and 1986 world champion Joe Johnson is from Bradford.
Town twinning
Bradford's twin cities are
- Galway , Ireland - since 1987
- Mönchengladbach , Germany - since 1971
- Hamm , Germany - since 1976
- Roubaix , France - since 1969
- Skopje , Republic of North Macedonia - since 1963
- Verviers , Belgium - since 1970
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Henry Seebohm (1832–1895), steel manufacturer, amateur ornithologist, oologist and explorer
- James Theodore Bent (1852–1897), traveler and archaeologist
- John Frederick Rowbotham (1854–1925), clergyman, composer and music historian
- Frederick Delius (1862–1934), composer
- William Rothenstein (1872–1945), painter, draftsman and graphic artist
- Oliver Onions (1873–1961), writer
- Martin Lowry (1874-1936), chemist
- Alfred Angas Scott (1874–1923), engineer and businessman
- Adele Beerensson (1879–1940), British-German association politician for social work
- Douglas Mawson (1882-1958), Antarctic explorer
- Edward Victor Appleton (1892–1965), physicist
- John Boynton Priestley (1894–1984), writer, journalist and literary critic
- Walter Forde (1896–1984), film director, screenwriter, actor, film editor and film producer
- Maurice Wilson (1898–1934), adventurer
- Wilfrid Lawson (1900–1966), actor
- Ernst Wilhelm Bohle (1903–1960), head of the NSDAP / AO from 1933 to 1945
- Bramwell Fletcher (1904–1988), actor
- Albert Pierrepoint (1905–1992), executioner
- Tom Bullus (1907-1998), motorcycle racer
- Geoffrey Barraclough (1908-1984), historian
- Michael Rennie (1909–1971), actor
- John Sharp (1920–1992), actor
- Godfrey Lienhardt (1921–1993), anthropologist and religious scholar
- Lana Hutton Bowen-Judd (1922–1985), writer
- John Braine (1922-1986), author
- Peter Brierley Johnson (1925-2016), BBC journalist
- Aubrey Singer (1927-2007), television producer
- Donal Donnelly (1931-2010), actor
- Timothy West (* 1934), film and stage actor
- Ian Clough (1937-1970), mountaineer
- David Hockney (* 1937), painter, graphic artist, set designer and photographer
- Robert Swindells (born 1939), writer
- Tony Fall (1940-2007), rally driver
- Rosemary Nicols (born 1941), actress
- Fred Watson (* 1944), astronomer
- Allan Holdsworth (1946-2017), jazz guitarist
- Tony Bevan (born 1951), painter
- Kenny Hibbitt (born 1951), football player
- Joe Johnson (born 1952), snooker player
- Phil Shoenfelt (* 1952), singer, songwriter, musician, lyricist and novelist
- Peter Firth (born 1953), actor
- John Riley-Schofield (1954-2005), baritone
- Clare Higgins (* 1955), film and theater actress
- Mark-Andreas Schlingensiepen (* 1956), conductor and composer
- Tim Booth (* 1960), singer, dancer and actor
- Yvonne McGregor (* 1961), racing cyclist
- John Walton (born 1961), darts player
- Tasmin Archer (* 1963), soul, pop and rock singer
- Adrian Moorhouse (* 1964), swimmer
- Tim Sugden (* 1964), racing car driver
- Jennifer Stoute (* 1965), track and field athlete
- Lisa Brambani (* 1967), racing cyclist
- Alexandra Potter (* 1970), writer
- Adrian Boothroyd (* 1971), soccer player and coach
- Craig Butler (born 1974), snooker player
- Sarah-Jane Potts (* 1976), actress
- Andrew Lee Potts (born 1979), actor
- Nathan Ellington (born 1981), football player
- Harpal Singh (* 1981), football player
- Kimberley Walsh (* 1981), member of the girl band Girls Aloud
- Karl Boyes (* 1982), pool player
- Steven Frayne , known as Dynamo (* 1982), magician
- Gareth Gates (born 1984), singer
- Natalia Kills (* 1986), singer
- Joe Cullen (* 1989), darts player
- Fabian Delph (* 1989), soccer player
- Dean Harrison (* 1989), motorcycle racer
- Jack Hawksworth (* 1991), racing car driver
- Zayn Malik (* 1993) former member of the band One Direction
- Mason Greenwood (* 2001), soccer player
Personalities who have worked on site
- The German writer Georg Weerth (1822–1856) lived in Bradford from 1843 to 1846.
- Jacob Moser (1839–1922), entrepreneur, philanthropist and Zionist, lived in Bradford from 1863 to 1922.
- Walter Cramer (1886–1944), textile entrepreneur and resistance fighter, was an apprentice in Bradford.
- Martyn Jope (1915–1996) founded the Department of Archaeological Sciences at Bradford University.
- Justin Sullivan (* 1956), founder, songwriter and lead singer of the band New Model Army , lives in Bradford.
- Bob Hardy, bassist in the Franz Ferdinand group, comes from Bradford.
Events
Bradford hosts the Bradford International Film Festival , which focuses particularly on the showing of widescreen films , showing films that are often restored and seldom shown. The festival is currently the only opportunity in Europe to see films in the rare Cinemiracle recording format , including the film Windjammer from 1958.
Individual evidence
- ↑ KS01 Usual resident population: Census 2001, Key Statistics for urban areas. Retrieved April 10, 2010 .
- ↑ Cf. on this the study by Bradford sociology professor Marie Macey: "Interpreting Islam: young Muslims men involvement in criminal activity in Bradford" , pp. 19–49; in: Basia Spalek: Islam, Crime and Criminal Justice, Willan Publishing, 2002, Portland, OR 97213-3644 USA, ISBN 978-1-903240-89-2
- ^ Bradford Twin Town Association ( Memento June 28, 2009 on the Internet Archive ), accessed November 21, 2018
- ↑ http://www.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk/biff/widescreen.asp