Alla Horska

Memorial plaques

at her home in Kiev

at the house of her murder in Vasylkiv

Alla Oleksanderiwna Horska ( Ukrainian Алла Олександрівна Горська ; born September 18, 1929 in Yalta , ASSR Crimea ; † November 28, 1970 in Wassylkiw , Ukrainian SSR ) was a Ukrainian painter and Soviet dissident .

Life

Alla Horska came from a successful family of artists. She was born in Yalta because her father, the Ukrainian Oleksandr Horskyj ( Олександр Валентинович Горський , 1898–1983), one of the founders of the Soviet film industry, was an employee and from 1931 director of the Yalta film studio. In 1932 and 1933 the family lived in Moscow and then in Leningrad , where Alla witnessed the Leningrad blockade before she was evacuated to Alma-Ata in the early summer of 1943 . At the end of 1943 the family moved to Kiev, where the father became the director of the Kiev film studio. From 1946 she studied at the Kiev State Art School Shevchenko , which she finished in 1948 with a gold medal.

In the summer of 1952 she married the painter and later Taras Shevchenko prize-winner Viktor Sarezkyj ( Віктор Іванович Зарецький ; 1925-1990), who was a student at the same university. In 1954 she graduated from the painting department of the Kiev Art Institute . As a painter, she created numerous works of art such as Portrait of the Son (1960), Portrait of the Father (1960), Alphabet (1960), On the River (1962–1963), Portrait of Vladimir Simonenko (1963), as well as a series of monumental pictures that were created within the Soviet Union were issued.

Alla Horska was a leader in the 1960s human rights movement in Ukraine. Along with Leonid Tanyuk ( Леонід Степанович Танюк ), Vasyl Symonenko and Ivan Switlychnyj, she was one of the organizers and, between 1959 and 1964, an active member of the Kiev "Club of Young Creators " ( Клубу тепанович Танюк ), which became an association of informal artists, which became an informal artist association. In April 1968, in connection with the illegal arrests and negotiations against dissidents, Alla signed a letter of protest ( Лист-протест 139 ) from 139 scholars and cultural workers to the leaders of the Soviet Union Leonid Brezhnev , Alexei Kosygin and Nikolai Podgorny , in which they put an end to the violations of the USSR against the principles of socialist democracy and legal norms urged. In addition, she published together with Vasyl Symonenko and Leonid Tanjuk evidence of mass murders by the Soviet secret service NKVD early 1940s in the forest of bykivnia graves in the east of Kiev.

On November 28, 1970, Alla Horska was murdered under mysterious circumstances in her father-in-law's apartment in Vasylkiv, Kiev Oblast . Her funeral took place on December 7, 1970 in the Berkovetskyj Cemetery in Kiev and became a protest against the existing communist regime in Ukraine. In addition to the writer and dissident Jewhen Swerstjuk , who gave the eulogy, other later arrested dissidents such as Wassyl Stus , Iwan Hel and Oles Serhijenko ( Олександр «Оле́сь» Федорович Сергієнко ) attended the funeral. They all believed that the KGB was the author of the Horska murder. While there is no direct evidence of the KGB's involvement in the murder, it appears to be a deliberate blow to the Ukrainian resuscitation.

Web links

Commons : Alla Horska  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on Alla Horska in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kiev letter 1968 with all signatories ( Memento of April 20, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)
2. ↑ Article on Alla Horska in Gazeta of November 25, 2010; accessed on October 21, 2016 (Ukrainian)
3. ↑ Биківня “за першою категорією” on Tyzhden.ua from September 24, 2012; accessed on October 22, 2016 (Ukrainian)
4. ↑ Biography Alla Horska on incognita.day.kiev; accessed on October 21, 2016 (Ukrainian)
5. ↑ Biography Alla Horska on storinka-m.kiev; accessed on October 21, 2016 (Ukrainian)
6. ↑ Article on Alla Horska in Dissidents and Zeit from September 21, 2009; accessed on October 21, 2016 (Ukrainian)