Allfield
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Allfield
Municipality Billigheim
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| Height : | 209 m |
| Area : | 12.84 km² |
| Residents : | 1252 (Dec. 31, 2008) |
| Population density : | 98 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1974 |
| Postal code : | 74842 |
| Area code : | 06265 |
 View over Allfeld to the parish church of St. Georg
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Allfeld is part of the community of Billigheim in the north of Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Allfeld is the southernmost part of the community Billigheim. The place is in the Schefflenztal at the confluence of the Sulzbach and Schefflenz rivers .
Outside the center of the settlement are the farms that have been inhabited since the Middle Ages: Assulzer Hof, Eichhof, Selbacher Hof, Gänslacher Hof, Unterbichelbacher Hof, Oberbichelbacher Hof and Schopfenhof.
The town's cemetery is also outside the center of the settlement.
history
First mention and local nobility
Allfeld was first mentioned as Alonfelde in a deed of donation in the Lorsch Codex from 780 . In other documents, the place is also referred to as Alenvelt , Alnfelt , Alvelde , Allenfelt , Alvelt and Alenfelt .
In Allfeld there was a castle in the Middle Ages and the place initially belonged to various noblemen . Around 1250 the place was owned by the Lords of Dürn . Allfeld passed from their property to the Counts of Eberstein .
Kurmainzische winery
The Counts of Eberstein sold the place on May 19, 1358 to Kurmainz .
Shortly thereafter, Allfeld received town charter , but lost it again a little later due to the greater importance of Neudenau .
The Archbishop of Mainz pledged Allfeld Castle on November 30, 1359 to Johann von Berlichingen . After his death he released the pledge and pledged Allfeld again on March 26, 1370 to Johann Witstad-Ittlingen.
The other districts of Katzental, Waldmühlbach, a third of Sulzbach and, from 1361, the current capital, Billigheim, also belonged to the Allfeld castle rule. In the following years, Allfeld was a sub-office of the Electorate of Mainz, a so-called winery . The rule, however, was divided. Vogteilich belonged to Allfeld to Kurmainz. In terms of centimeters, however, the place was under the Electoral Palatinate and belonged to the Mosbacher cent . The spiritual rule lay with the diocese of Würzburg .
At that time, Allfeld consisted of two settlement centers. The first (older) settlement (Unterallfeld) was about 1.5 kilometers down Schefflenz in the area of today's cemetery. Today's settlement (Oberallfeld) was built around the castle in the High Middle Ages .
The population fell sharply during the Thirty Years' War . In 1648 only 97 people lived in Allfeld. The town's castle was also destroyed in the Thirty Years' War in 1646. Remnants of the castle were preserved until the 19th century. As a result of the war, the residents of Unterallfeld gave up and settled at the foot of the Schlossberg below the destroyed castle.
Around 1700 the location of the cellar moved from Allfeld to Billigheim. Until 1803 Allfeld belonged to the Kurmainzische Kellerei Billigheim.
Independent municipality
After a brief rule by the princes of Leiningen , Allfeld fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 .
The community of Allfeld was almost exclusively agricultural, but fewer and fewer people were able to make a living from agriculture. This led to the emigration of many residents to the industrial areas (e.g. Mannheim ) or abroad.
On April 1, 1935, Bernbrunn was incorporated into the Allfeld community. During the Second World War , Allfeld was occupied by American troops on Easter day (April 1) after brief fighting .
After a referendum , Bernbrunn was separated from Allfeld on April 1, 1962 and incorporated into Höchstberg .
Community reform
On January 1, 1974, the union with Billigheim and Katzental to form the new community Billigheim.
Population development
| year | population | |
|---|---|---|
| 1819 | 650 | |
| 1894 | 850 | |
| 1925 | 793 | |
| 1933 | 836 | |
| 1939 | 809 | |
| 1945 | 867 | |
| 1950 | 1169 | |
| 1961 | 1010 | |
| 1963 | 1117 | |
| 1970 | 1177 | |
| 1973 | 1264 | |
| 1980 | 1230 | |
| 2007 | 1254 |
Attractions
The Catholic parish church of St. George from 1743 is located on a hill above the town center. The church has rich baroque furnishings with three altars, a pulpit and a color-coordinated organ. The main altar in the apse shows a large-format oil painting of St. George fighting the dragon. The town hall of the place was built in 1931.
A little outside of the village in the direction of Neudenau is the St. Anna Chapel at the cemetery .
town hall
Catholic Church
Catholic church, interior
coat of arms
Today's coat of arms has been in use since 1904. It is the family coat of arms of Dieter von Obrigheim, a servant of the Counts of Eberstein, who lived in Allfeld Castle in the 14th century.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 5), Certificate 3479 July 1, 780 - Reg. 1583. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 194 , accessed on April 15, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Stefan Grathoff: Archbishop's castles of Mainz . Acquisition and function of castle rule using the example of the Archbishops of Mainz in the High and Late Middle Ages. Diss. University of Mainz 1996
- ↑ Universal Lexicon of the Grand Duchy of Baden . Karlsruhe 1847
- ↑ The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden .
- ^ A b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. mosbach.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Das Land Baden-Württemberg , Volume 4
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 484 .
- ^ ersch, Gruber: Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste
- ^ Neumanns Orts-Lexikon des Deutschen Reichs , p. 10.
- ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 2: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in North Baden
- ↑ a b c d Festschrift for the 1200th anniversary of the Allfeld community
- ↑ Billigheim.de
