Alpine sourling

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Alpine sourling
Alpine sourling (Oxyria digyna)

Alpine sourling ( Oxyria digyna )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Knotweed family (Polygonaceae)
Subfamily : Polygonoideae
Genre : Sourlings ( Oxyria )
Type : Alpine sourling
Scientific name
Oxyria digyna
Hill

The alpine sourling ( Oxyria digyna ), also simply called sourling , is a plant species from the genus of the sourling ( Oxyria ) within the knotweed family (Polygonaceae).

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The alpine sourling grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 5 to 30 centimeters. It forms a compact rhizome with a diameter of 5 to 10 millimeters as a persistent organ. It forms a curved ascending to upright, simple, mostly leafless and mostly bare stem .

The mostly basal leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole is very long at 3 to 12 centimeters. The 1.5 to 3 × 2 to 4 centimeters wider than the long leaf blade is more or less kidney-shaped, almost radial nerve, smooth or slightly wavy on the edge. The leaves taste sour, hence the common name .

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends mainly from July to August. Two to five flowers hang in whorls in terminal, simple or branched inflorescences . The bracts are membranous. The flowers are hermaphroditic. Oxyria digyna has four (in Rumex six) greenish or pink bracts , the two outer ones are elongated and protruding, the inner ones much larger and close to the fruit .

The initially green and later blood red fruit is lenticular with a diameter of 4 to 6 millimeters with broad, membranous, pink-colored wings on the edges. The fruits ripen from July to November.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14, 42.

Occurrence

Alpine sourling on Svalbard

The distribution area of the alpine sourling includes the mountains of Europe, Asia southwards to the Himalayas (India, Pakistan and Bhutan) and North America. It is also found in the Arctic, including Greenland . The alpine sourling is widespread in the Alps , especially in the central chains as well as the Pyrenees , Carpathian Mountains to Asia and the Arctic region. In Austria it occurs scattered in Carinthia , Styria , Tyrol and Vorarlberg , where Oxyria digyna is the only species of the genus Oxyria .

The alpine sourling is considered a pioneer plant . It thrives best on low-lime, but base-rich, fresh, open, agitated slate stone rubble soils or on moraine rubble . It grows in snow valleys and rock debris at altitudes of 1700 to 3400 meters. In the Allgäu Alps it rises from the Mittlerer Schochen-Alp in the Tyrolean part at 1620 meters to an altitude of 2300 meters. It is a character species of Oxyrietum from the association Androsacion alpinae, but also occurs in plant communities of the class Salicetea herbaceae.

literature

  • Craig C. Freeman, John G. Packer: Oxyria. : Oxyria digyna - same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 5 - Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2 , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2005. ISBN 0-19-522211-3 .
  • Li Anjen, Alisa E. Grabovskaya-Borodina: Oxyria. in der Flora of China , Volume 5, 2008, p. 332: Oxyria digyna , p. 277-337 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 .
  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  332 .
  2. ^ A b Oxyria in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 446-447.

Web links

Commons : Alpen-Säuerling ( Oxyria digyna )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files