Old weights and measures (Hessen)

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Grand Duchy of Hesse

On December 10, 1817, a new system of measures and weights was legally adopted in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and introduced in 1821. The law redefined the previous units (foot, measure, painter and pound) analogous to the versions of the French metric system valid at that time based on the length of the earth's meridian quadrant and the density of water at its greatest density. Therefore the conversion factors listed below are exact.

According to a law of May 1829, the medical weight - the so-called Nuremberg weight - was to remain valid until further notice, although the lack of uniformity was complained about.

Lengths

The measure of length was based on the inch, which was defined as the "four hundred millionth part of the earth's meridian quadrant". This definition implied a ratio of 1 meter = 40 inches

line 1/10 in 0.0025 m = 2.5 mm
inch (Base unit) 0.025 m = 2.5 cm
Decimal feet 10 inches = 0.25 m
Plant base 12 inches = 0.3 m
Cubit 24 inches = 0.6 m
Fathoms 100 inches = 2.5 m
mile = 7500 m = 7.5 km (1818, New Post Mile )
  • Alte Postmeile = 33 810 Bavarian. Foot ≈ 9867.75 m ≈ 9.868 km

Surfaces

The following applies to the area dimensions

Square inches (Base unit) = 6.25 cm²
Square feet = 100 square inches = 0.0625 m²
Square fathoms = 100 square feet = 6.25 m²
quarter = 100 square fathoms = 625 m²
tomorrow = 4 quarters = 0.25 ha

volume

The cubic inch and analogous derivations formed the basis for the dimensions of the measure. The resulting dimensions of the measure were given different names depending on whether they were used for liquids over bulk goods.

Measure of capacity, in general
Cubic inches (Base unit) = 15.625 ml
Cubic feet = 1000 cubic inches = 15.625 l
Cubic fathoms = 1000 cubic feet = 156.25 hl
Measures of measure, liquid
Pint = 32 cubic inches = 0.5 l = 500 ml
Measure = 4 bottles = 2 l
quarter = 4 dimensions = 8 l
ohm = 20 quarters 160 l = 1.6  hl
Measure of capacity, firm
Little = 32 cubic inches = 0.5 l
Gescheid = 4 gauges = 2 l
Kumpf = 4 history = 8 l
Simmer = 4 kump = 32 l
Malter 4 simmers = 128.01 l = 128 l (1818)

Weights

The weight system was based on the Loth which was defined as the weight of one cubic inch of water at its greatest density. This resulted in the value of exactly 500 g for the pound, which would later be customary throughout Germany.

Tiny bit = ¼ Loth = 3.90625 g
Loth = 1/32 pound = 15.625 g
lb (Base size) = 500 g = 0.5 kg (1821)
Hundredweight = 100 pounds = 50 kg

Electorate of Hesse

Until at least the middle of the 19th century, there was no uniform system of measurements and weights in the Electorate of Hesse .

Free City of Frankfurt am Main

The following units of measurement were used in the Free City of Frankfurt in 1830:

Frankfurt unit Subdivision Metric unit Etalon
1 work shoe ( foot ) 12 inches = 144 lines 0.2846 meters Brass standard, 1777
1 cubit Half, quarter, eighth, etc. 0.5473 meters Brass standard, 1778
1 suburban field rod 12.5 work shoe = 10 field shoe = 100 field inches 3.5576 meters No
1 suburban forest rod 10 forest feet = 100 forest inches = 1000 forest lines = 15.8489 Werkschuh 4,511 meters Brass, 1801
1 field morning 160 square field rods = 25,000 square shoe 2025 square meters
1 forest morning 160 square wood rods = 40,190 square shoe 3255.5 square meters
1 hoof or hoof 30 field mornings 60,751 square meters
1 cubic rod 1953.125 cubic shoe 45,028 cubic meters
1 ohm 20 quarters = 80 standard size = 90 side measure or tap size = 320 bottles 143.43 liters Standard and gift gauge,
cast from brass
1 malter or eighth 4 simmers = 8 gauges = 16 sixths = 64 gables = 64 standard = 256 gauges 114.74 liters Copper standards, 1806
1 heavy pound
(trading pound , wholesale )
Half, quarter, eighth, etc. 505.296 grams
1 light pound
(shopper pound , in detail )
2 marks = 16 ounces = 32 lots =
128 quents = 256 pfennigs
467.867 grams Augsburg-Cologne mark ,
brass, 1761
1 quintals 100 heavy pounds = 108 light pounds 50.53 kilograms

The oldest systematic compilation of measures and weights can already be found in the Frankfurt Reformation .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Law concerning the application of the new system of measures and weights ( Wikisource )
  2. a b Ordinance on the introduction of uniform dimensions in the Grand Duchy of Hesse (1817) Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt Retrieved on July 7, 2019
  3. ^ Johann Friedrich Hauschild, Georg K. Chelius: tables for comparison of the weights of different countries and cities. In addition to the latest ordinances and studies on weights and measures, as well as several contributions to the correction of weight science. Verlag der Jägerschen, Frankfurt am Main 1836, p. 107.
  4. Ratios of the most excellent domestic and foreign weights and cubits to the new Grand Ducal Hessians ( Wikisource )
  5. Georg Kaspar Chelius : Measure and weight book. Third edition. Verlag der Jägerschen Buch-, Papier- und Landkartenhandlung, Frankfurt am Main 1830, with additions by Johann Friedrich Hauschild and a preface by Heinrich Christian Schumacher ; online in the google book search.