Aminoacetonitrile
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| Surname | Aminoacetonitrile | |||||||||||||||
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| Molecular formula | C 2 H 4 N 2 | |||||||||||||||
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| Molar mass | 56.07 g · mol -1 | |||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
liquid |
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| boiling point |
approx. 150 ° C (decomposition) |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||||||||
Aminoacetonitrile is a chemical compound from the group of nitriles . It is a chemical related and possible direct precursor to the amino acid glycine .
Occurrence
Aminoacetonitrile was found by researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn in collaboration with astronomers from Australia and the USA in a dense, hot gas cloud within the Sagittarius B2 star formation region . This object, also known by astronomers as the " home of the large molecules ", is only 0.3 light years in diameter and is heated by a young star hidden deep inside. This contained most of the organic molecules previously detected in space - including such complex compounds as ethyl alcohol , formaldehyde , formic acid , acetic acid , glycolaldehyde and ethylene glycol .
Extraction and presentation
Aminoacetonitrile can be produced by Strecker's synthesis of formaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid and ammonia .
properties
Chemical properties
By saponifying the nitrile group with the elimination of ammonia , glycine can be produced:
toxicity
Aminoacetonitrile has a toxic effect and damages the connective tissue , presumably through the formation of cyanide through decomposition. The latter inhibits the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase , which is also contained in connective tissue.
Derivatives
- Dimethylaminoacetonitrile C 4 H 8 N 2 , CAS number: 926-64-7
- Aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride C 2 H 4 N 2 HCl, CAS number: 6011-14-9
- Aminoacetonitrile bisulfate C 2 H 6 N 2 O 4 S, CAS number: 151-63-3
- N - ( tert -Butoxycarbonyl) -2-aminoacetonitrile C 7 H 12 N 2 O 2 , CAS number: 85363-04-8
- N - (Carbobenzoxy) -aminoacetonitrile C 10 H 10 N 2 O 2 , CAS number: 3589-41-1
Web links
- Entry on aminoacetonitrile . In: P. J. Linstrom, W. G. Mallard (Eds.): NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69 . National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg MD .
Individual evidence
- ↑ group contribution method according to Joback, KG; Reid, RC; Chem. Engng. Commun. 57 (1987) pp. 233-243.
- ↑ a b Aminoacetonitrile data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 20, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Aminoacetonitrile detected in space (Portal for Organic Chemistry).
- ↑ Report on the discovery .
- ↑ Formation of aminoacetonitrile (PDF; 271 kB).
- ↑ Inhibition of Cytochrome Oxidase by Aminoacetonitrile Clemmons, JJ; Jackson, EB; Institute of Pathology, Western Reserve University, Cleveland.