Office Schluechtern

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The office Schlüchtern was an office of the county Hanau-Munzenberg .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

The court and office of Schlüchtern were in the hands of Albert von Grumbach in the first half of the 13th century as a fiefdom of the Bishop of Würzburg . After his death in 1243, the Counts of Rieneck and the Lords of Trimberg inherited it and divided it up. Bellings , Hohenzell and Marjoss belonged to the Rieneck part, and Breitenbach , Hintersteinau , Kressenbach , Niederzell and Wallroth belonged to the Trimberg part . The place Schlüchtern itself was divided between the two. Ulrich II von Hanau bought the Rieneck half in 1316 from his uncle, Count Ludwig von Rieneck-Rothenfels. The feudal lord, the Bishop of Würzburg, agreed to the sale. Hanau received the second half of the Schlüchtern office in 1377 in exchange for Bütthard Castle . The Schlüchtern monastery finally came under the patronage of Hanau in 1457 .

After the Reformation, its status as a Würzburg fief led to tensions between the now Lutheran County of Hanau-Munzenberg , which was reformed from 1597 , and the Roman Catholic diocese of Würzburg. A long-standing process before the Reich Chamber of Commerce lasted from 1571 to 1624 and ended with a restitution mandate in favor of Würzburg. From 1628 to 1631 Schlüchtern was therefore occupied by Würzburg, from 1631 to 1637 again by Hanau and from 1637 again by Würzburg. In 1656 a settlement was reached in which Hanau prevailed against Würzburg in Schlüchtern and left Orb to the diocese for it .

With the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , the office and the entire county of Hanau-Münzenberg fell to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which in 1803 became the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, the Schlüchtern office was under French military rule from 1806 , belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810 , and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, it largely merged into the newly formed district of Schlüchtern . In 1866 the electorate was annexed by Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War and became part of the federal state of Hesse after the Second World War . With the Hessian territorial reform of 1974, the former district of Schlüchtern was added to the Main-Kinzig district .

Components

literature

  • E. Bernstein: History of the city and the Schlüchtern monastery with special consideration for Fulda . In: Buchonia III, 3, Fulda 1828, pp. 164-188.
  • Dersch Wilhelm: Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Cassel, the province of Upper Hesse and the Principality of Waldeck . Marburg 1915. pp. 108f.
  • Dommerich: Documented history of the gradual expansion of the County of Hanau from the middle of the 13th century until the house died out in 1736 . In: Communications of the Hanau District Association for History and Regional Studies 1/2 (1860), pp. 107, 195, 128.
  • Regenerus Engelhard: Description of the earth of the Hessian Lands Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history and from documents explained . Part 2, Cassel 1778, ND 2004, pp. 801ff.
  • Karl Geist and Ludwig Steinfeld: The Schlüchtern land. Declaration of love to a landscape . Schluechtern 1982.
  • Franziska Haase: Ulrich I., Lord of Hanau 1281–1306 . Masch. Diss. Münster 1924, p. 11.
  • C. Hessler [arr.]: The Schlüchtern district . In: Hessische Landes- und Volkskunde 1,2, pp. 637–661.
  • J. Koltermann: The dispute over the Schlüchtern monastery . Masch. Diss., Marburg 1920.
  • U. Krüger-Löwenstein: Schlüchtern monastery and rule Hanau at the end of the 15th century . In: Festschrift for W. Heinemeyer on his 65th birthday. From history and its auxiliary sciences, ed .: H. Bannasch u. H.-P. Lachmann, 1979, pp. 581-601.
  • Uta Löwenstein: County of Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900-1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230.
  • Georg Malfeld: About the territorial composition and the old rulership of the Schlüchtern district . In: Hessenland 41 (1930) Marburg, pp. 260ff.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer and Hermann Michler: The story of the Schlüchtern plan . Frankfurt 1950.
  • Matthias Nistahl: Studies on the history of the Schlüchtern monastery in the Middle Ages . Diss. Darmstadt a. Marburg, 1986.
  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 426f.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein = publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 2000, pp. 325, 461, 469f.
  • Truthful report of the nature of the Schlüchtern monastery, located in the county of Hanau, and what kind of a county, because of such monastery in the years 1624, 1625, 1626, 1627 and 1628 by the then Mr. Bischofen Mandatum de restituendo proclaimed by Würtzburg and Hertzog in Francken by the imperial court, judgment obtained thereupon and execution carried out, tam quoad justitiam causae quam processum for the highest complaints; So for 16 years, and now the truth come to Stewer in open pressure . o. O. 1647.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Schlüchtern, Main-Kinzig-Kreis". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Löwenstein, p. 208.
  3. ↑ Löwenstein, p. 208.
  4. ↑ Dersch.