Marjoss
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Marjoss
City of Steinau an der Straße
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 27 ″ N , 9 ° 30 ′ 56 ″ E
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| Height : | 250 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 5.56 km² |
| Residents : | 820 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 147 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 36396 |
| Area code : | 06660 |
 Marjoss (2017)
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Marjoss is a district of Steinau an der Strasse in the Main-Kinzig district in East Hesse .
Geographical location
Marjoss is located on the Jossa , a tributary of the Sinn , at an altitude of 253 m above sea level in the northeast of the Main-Kinzig district, about 7 km southeast of the center of Steinau, on the border with Bavaria .
Other settlements within the municipal area of Marjoß are the Barack courtyards and Rohrbacherhof .
history
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the place comes from the year 1167. At that time the Schlüchtern monastery in Marjoss owned the church with the tithe and all possessions, with meadows, forests, water and all rights. In the late Middle Ages, the Schlüchtern monastery belonged to the sphere of influence of the Hanau rulership (from 1429: Hanau county ). In 1311 a parish priest was mentioned by Marjoss. The church belonged to the diocese of Würzburg . The central church authority was the Archdiakonat Karlstadt . In 1422 the von Hutten fought successfully with the von Thüngen over Marjoss. The Schlüchtern monastery finally came under the patronage of the County of Hanau in 1457 (since 1458: County of Hanau-Münzenberg ). There Marjoss was assigned to the office of Schlüchtern , a fiefdom of the Bishop of Würzburg .
Early modern age
The County of Hanau-Münzenberg initially joined the Lutheran denomination during the Reformation , and was reformed from 1597 . The church of Marjoss is now part of the Schlüchtern dean's office . After the Reformation, the property as a Würzburg fief led to tensions between the now Protestant county of Hanau-Münzenberg and the Roman Catholic diocese of Würzburg. A long-term process before the Reich Chamber of Commerce lasted from 1571 to 1624 and ended with a restitution mandate from the Schlüchtern office in favor of Würzburg. 1628–1631 it was therefore occupied by Würzburg, in the course of the Thirty Years War 1631–1637 again by Hanau and from 1637 again by Würzburg. In 1656 there was a comparison between Hanau and Würzburg, with Hanau receiving the office of Schlüchtern - and thus also Marjoss - and leaving Orb to the diocese .
With the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , Marjoss fell in 1736 with the entire county of Hanau-Munzenberg to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which in 1803 became the Electorate of Hesse .
Modern times
During the Napoleonic period Marjoss was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Marjoss belonged to the district of Schlüchtern . In 1866 the electorate was annexed by Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War . Marjoss became Prussian and after the Second World War part of the newly formed state of Hesse .
At 31 December 1971 Marjoß was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse in the city Steinau incorporated . With the Hessian regional reform, the district of Schlüchtern was dissolved in 1974 and Marjoss has been in the Main-Kinzig district since then . On January 1, 1978, the city of Steinau was officially renamed Steinau an der Straße .
Historical forms of names
In surviving documents, Marjoss was mentioned under the following names (the year in which it was mentioned in brackets):
- Jazaha (1167)
- Jazah (1270)
- Jazza (1311)
- Mergenjossa (1422)
- Margasza (1443)
- Marjoss (1587)
It is also believed that the name is a short form of Marienjossa .
Population development
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1587: | 18 shooters, 11 philistines |
| • 1632: | 33 conscripts |
| • 1753: | 70 households with 328 people |
| • 1812: | 90 fire places, 489 souls |
| • 1821: | 90 houses |
| Marjoss: Population from 1753 to 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | |||
| 1753 | 328 | |||
| 1812 | 489 | |||
| 1834 | 792 | |||
| 1840 | 806 | |||
| 1846 | 842 | |||
| 1852 | 832 | |||
| 1858 | 837 | |||
| 1864 | 859 | |||
| 1871 | 810 | |||
| 1875 | 779 | |||
| 1885 | 743 | |||
| 1895 | 689 | |||
| 1905 | 634 | |||
| 1910 | 673 | |||
| 1925 | 653 | |||
| 1939 | 658 | |||
| 1946 | 979 | |||
| 1950 | 937 | |||
| 1956 | 769 | |||
| 1961 | 728 | |||
| 1967 | 713 | |||
| 1970 | 750 | |||
| 2008 | 880 | |||
| 2009 | 898 | |||
| 2012 | 868 | |||
| 2016 | 833 | |||
| Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Other sources: | ||||
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1885: | 727 Protestant (= 97.85%), 16 Catholic (= 2.15%) residents |
| • 1961: | 648 Protestant (= 89.01%), 66 Catholic (= 9.07%) residents |
Economic history
The first evidence of the local pottery trade dates from 1391.
The Hintere (Henner) mill (closed in 1968) was in the southern part of the village, and the Untere (Önner) mill (closed in 1958) was on the northeastern edge. Both water mills were supplied by an operating ditch derived from the Jossa.
Culture and sights
societies
There are numerous associations and local groups in Marjoss, which together form the working group of Marjoss Associations. These are the Marjoss volunteer fire brigade, the Marjoss SV, the pigeon club, the nursery school development association, the dwellings ( Altes Forsthaus home for the disabled ), the village club, the Gut Schluck social club , the fishing club and the members of the local advisory board.
Sports
Every year summer biathlon competitions take place in Marjoss as part of the Hessen Cup . The runners have to master a nature trail that was laid out for the 25th anniversary of the throne of Kaiser Wilhelm II and the 100th anniversary of the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1913.
Natural spaces
- In addition to the " Kirschenwiesen " nature reserve, there is a nature reserve designated as a protected forest - the Jossa floodplain between Marjoss and Mernes with reed ponds - a habitat for beavers . With a bit of luck, these animals can be observed on excursions.
Bike trails
- The European cultural cycle and hiking trail "Perlen der Jossa" (" Archaeological Spessart Project ") leads past Marjoss and has a station there with an explanation board. The name refers to the river pearl mussel that was found in the Jossa in the past . The route in the Jossa valley coincides with the Hessian apple wine and orchard route .
- The Spessartbogen long-distance hiking trail also leads past Marjoss , coming down from Stacken , an elevation with juniper heather and arnica meadows near Mernes.
Economy and Infrastructure
Marjoss had her own primary school until the start of the 2019/2020 school year. It was a dwarf school in which all grades were taught in one class. Initial plans to close the school due to insufficient numbers of students sparked major protests from the parents concerned. However, after most of the parents in Marjoss registered their children at other elementary schools due to the lack of afternoon care and ultimately only five children were left, the state education authority in Hanau no longer allocated a teaching position to the elementary school Marjoss, which led to the school being closed. Since then, children from Marjoss have had to travel to the Altengronau district of Sinntal , where the responsible secondary school is located.
literature
- Thomas Klein: Outline of German administrative history 1815–1845 . Row A: Prussia. Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau including predecessor states. Marburg 1979.
- Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, p. 411f.
- Matthias Nistahl: Studies on the history of the Schlüchtern monastery in the Middle Ages . Diss. Darmstadt a. Marburg, 1986, p. 282 (register).
- Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 263.
- Literature about Marjoss in the Hessian Bibliography
Web links
- Marjoss district on the website of the town of Steinau an der Straße.
- Marjoss, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Marjoss, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 24, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ a b Overview of city districts. In: Internet presence. City of Steinau an der Straße, archived from the original ; accessed in June 2018 . (Data from web archive)
- ↑ Dersch Wilhelm: Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Cassel, the province of Upper Hesse and the Principality of Waldeck . Marburg 1915. pp. 108f.
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 376, 277 and 385 .
- ↑ Thomas Klein, p. 115.
- ^ Thomas Klein: Outline of the German administrative history 1815-1845 . Row A: Prussia. Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau including predecessor states. Marburg 1979, p. 115
- ↑ Marjoss primary school is closed - Vorsprung Online
