Hohenzell (Schlüchtern)

Hohenzell City of Schlüchtern Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ 20 ″ N , 9 ° 32 ′ 14 ″ E
Height :	289 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.8 km²
Residents :	672 (Dec. 31, 2015)
Population density :	57 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st December 1969
Postal code :	36381
Area code :	06661
	Hohenzell in Hesse

Hohenzell is a district of the city of Schlüchtern in the East Hessian Main-Kinzig district .

Geographical location

Hohenzell is located in the north-east of the Main-Kinzig district in the Bergwinkel about 4 km south of the main town Schlüchtern at about 300 m above sea level. NN in a protected location in the "Hessischer Spessart" nature park .

Hohenzell borders in the north on the main town Schlüchtern, in the north-east on the town Ahlersbach , in the south-east on the town Weiperz , in the south on the town Breunings and the parish Spessart , in the south-west on the town Bellings and in the north-east on the town Niederzell .

history

middle Ages

Aerial view of the town center (2017)

The first settlement at the place was probably called "Zella", from which the later place name is derived. It was a settlement of the Benedictine monastery in Schlüchtern.

The oldest surviving written mention of Hohenzell can be found in a document from Bishop Herold von Würzburg from 1167 as " Hohencella ". The bishop took the Schlüchtern monastery under his protection and listed its possessions, which also included Hohenzell. In 1304 the monastery bought the bailiwick of the village, which had previously been a Würzburg fiefdom to Konrad von Trimberg . In 1331 the whole village is owned by the monastery. In the late Middle Ages, the Schlüchtern monastery belonged to the sphere of influence of the Hanau rulership (from 1429: County Hanau , from 1458: County Hanau-Münzenberg ) under whose patronage it finally came to an end in 1457. In the county of Hanau-Munzenberg, Hohenzell was assigned to the office of Schlüchtern . Ecclesiastically the village was parish after Schlüchtern.

Early modern age

The County of Hanau-Münzenberg initially joined the Lutheran denomination during the Reformation , and was reformed from 1597 .

After the Reformation, the property as a Würzburg fief led to tensions between the now Protestant county of Hanau-Münzenberg and the Roman Catholic diocese of Würzburg. A long-term process before the Reich Chamber of Commerce lasted from 1571 to 1624 and ended with a restitution mandate from the Schlüchtern office in favor of Würzburg. There is little news about the village during the Thirty Years' War : the schoolhouse was burned down. Looting, famine and the recurring epidemics claimed numerous victims. In 1625 39 people died in Hohenzell, 22 of them from dysentery and 17 from the plague . In 1629 13 people died, including 8 plague sufferers. In the year of the plague in 1635, Hohenzell only has one dead person in the church register. From 1628 to 1631 the office of Schlüchtern - and thus also Hohenzell - was occupied by Würzburg, in the course of the war from 1631 to 1637 again by Hanau and from 1637 again by Würzburg. A Hohenzeller is said to have been shot in 1647 during a looting in Steinau . After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Swedish soldiers stayed in the village until the war contributions were paid. In 1656 there was a comparison between Hanau and Würzburg, with Hanau receiving the office of Schlüchtern and leaving Orb to the diocese . With that, Hohenzell was Hanauian again.

In 1707 about 100 people lived in Hohenzell. With the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , Hohenzell fell in 1736 with the entire county of Hanau-Munzenberg to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which in 1803 became the Electorate of Hesse .

Modern times

During the Napoleonic period, Hohenzell was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Hohenzell belonged to the district of Schlüchtern . In 1843 a new Protestant parish was founded in Hohenzell, into which Ahlersbach and Bellings were also incorporated.

Until well into the 19th century, most of the Hohenzellers lived in poverty and isolation. In the middle of the 19th century , a number of residents emigrated to the USA , others to industrial cities in western Germany. In 1866 the electorate was annexed by Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War .

After the turn of the 20th century, there was a modest economic upswing: more modern methods of agriculture, the operation of up to four quarries and the construction of a road through the state between 1906 and 1911 stabilized the population.

During the Second World War , the military was quartered in Hohenzell. On April 3, 1945, US armed forces entered the village with tanks while the Kuhn inn was still occupied by German soldiers. The population fled into the cellar. The Americans found that there was no German artillery in the village. Then they withdrew again. A few days later they occupied the village and carried out numerous house searches . They did not leave until three months later. The stream of refugees that flooded West Germany in 1945 brought a large number of new residents to Hohenzell, who came from Upper Silesia and the Sudetenland .

When it was founded, Hohenzell became part of the state of Hesse . On December 1, 1969 Hohenzell was in the city Schlüchtern incorporated and located in the Hessian local government reform , with the county Schlüchtern was disbanded in 1974, in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis .

population

Population development

Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1538:	22 steering end
• 1633:	43 households and 2 privates
• 1753:	44 households with 240 people
• 1812:	60 fire places, 395 souls

Hohenzell: Population from 1753 to 2015
year		Residents
1753	240
1812	395
1834	505
1840	502
1846	528
1852	514
1858	474
1864	501
1871	482
1875	474
1885	448
1895	400
1905	418
1910	434
1925	481
1939	450
1946	649
1950	632
1956	593
1961	548
1967	527
1970	525
2005	669
2010	669
2015	672
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 2005 :; 2010 :; 2015:

Religious affiliation

Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885:	429 Protestant (= 100.00%) residents
• 1961:	506 Protestant (= 92.34%), 42 Catholic (= 7.66%) residents

politics

In the town council are the CDU and the SPD represented. In the local elections in 2006, the CDU obtained a majority of the votes and thus has a majority in the local council. Mayor is Heiko Kirchner (CDU).

Culture and sights

church

The most important building in Hohenzell is the Protestant village church. It was built in the 19th century. The construction time was about 4 years. The stones for the church came from Rückers and were then brought to the village by horse and cart over the Hohenzeller Berg.

Village community center

After the school was closed in the post-war years, the village school building was converted into a village community center. As part of the Hessian village renewal program , a new hall was added by 2002. Today the room can also be rented for private parties.

Woodpecker hut

The hut of the hiking club "Die Spechte" was built from 1973 to 1975 and has been constantly expanded since then. It is located a few kilometers outside the village center in a wooded area. The hut is a popular destination and venue for many Hohenzell festivals.

Hohenzell youth project

The Hohenzell youth project was founded in January 2003. The aim was to create a structure for the young people that goes beyond the association's boundaries.

The first project was to create the website www.hohenzell.de . The website went online in October 2003. This was followed by very positive press coverage, including congratulations from the then Federal President Johannes Rau .

In 2006, the youth project organized an evening of pictures under the motto “ One step forward - one look back ”. Old photos of the village and the village events back to the turn of the century were shown. The pictures were commented on by the village elders. The citizens of the village of Hohenzell provided numerous old photos and slides for this purpose. The recordings have been completely digitized.

The most important and so far largest project was a documentary film about the village from 2006 to 2008. With a length of approx. 45 minutes, it tells the historical development of the village from its foundation to today. This content is reproduced exclusively through stories and eyewitness accounts. The interviews were backed up with pictures or other historical media. The film with further material was released on DVD in 2008.

literature

Heinrich Reimer: Historical local lexicon for Kurhessen (= publications of the historical commission for Hesse and Waldeck. Vol. 14, ISSN 0342-2291 ). Elwert, Marburg 1926, p. 534.
Literature on Hohenzell in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

District of Hohenzell on the website of the city of Schlüchtern.
The village portal for Hohenzell in Hessen. Local history, information. In: www.hohenzell.de. Association for homeland care and local history Hohenzell; accessed on May 31, 2018
Hohenzell, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

Individual evidence

↑ Population figures in the city of Schlüchtern , accessed in February 2016.
↑ Dersch Wilhelm: Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Cassel, the province of Upper Hesse and the Principality of Waldeck . Marburg 1915. pp. 108f.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Hohenzell, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 25, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
↑ Population 2005 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .
↑ Number of inhabitants 2010 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .
↑ Population in 2015 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .
^ City of Schlüchtern: Hohenzell. Retrieved January 8, 2012 .

[1] Population figures in the city of Schlüchtern , accessed in February 2016.

[2] Dersch Wilhelm: Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Cassel, the province of Upper Hesse and the Principality of Waldeck . Marburg 1915. pp. 108f.

[lagis-3] Hohenzell, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 25, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

[EW2005-4] Population 2005 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .

[EW2010-5] Number of inhabitants 2010 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .

[EW2015-6] Population in 2015 districts. (PDF; 83 kB) In: Internet presence. City of Schlüchtern, archived from the original ; accessed in May 2018 .

[7] City of Schlüchtern: Hohenzell. Retrieved January 8, 2012 .