Anastasios Orlandos

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Anastasios Kimōnos Orlandos ( Greek Αναστάσιος Κ. Ορλάνδος ; * December 23, 1887 in Athens ; † October 6, 1979 ibid) was a Greek architect , building researcher and archaeologist who made great contributions to classical archeology and the Byzantine art history in Greece, in particular the research and restoration of ancient and Byzantine buildings.

life and work

Anastasios Orlandos was the great-grandson of the Greek politician and revolutionary Ioannis Orlandos , who played an important role in the Greek Revolution and was one of the founding members of the Archaeological Society of Athens . Anastasios Orlandos studied architecture at the Technical University of Athens from 1904 to 1908 and then studied archeology at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Athens under Wilhelm Dörpfeld , Georg Karo , Rudolf Heberdey and Anton von Premerstein . From 1912 to 1913 he took part in the 1st Balkan War. In 1915 he received his doctorate with a thesis on the gables of the Temple of Poseidon by Sunion .

From 1910 to 1914 he worked on various excavations (including Kerameikos in Athens under Alfred Brueckner , Andros , Elis ). Between 1910 and 1917 he was one of the staff of Nikolaos Balanos during restorations on the Acropolis of Athens , especially the Propylaea . In 1920 he was given the post of director for the restoration of ancient monuments, which he headed until 1942, from 1942 to 1958 he headed the directorate for ancient and historical monuments of Greece and thus headed the Greek monument protection authority . From 1919 to 1940, Orlandos also taught as a full professor of building forms at the Technical University of Athens, from 1943 to 1958 he taught the history of architecture there . From 1939 to 1958 he taught as a full professor of Byzantine archeology at the University of Athens.

In the course of his activity, Orlandos' range of work expanded more and more from classical archeology to Byzantine art. In addition to securing various ancient cultural assets, he was also responsible for the restoration of numerous Byzantine churches. As an architect, he often tried to incorporate Byzantine architecture into new buildings. His works included, for example, the church of Agios Dionysios Areopagitis in Athens, completed in 1931, and, in addition to around 50 other churches, also Agios Vassilios .

Orlandos was highly honored for his numerous services, including as a member of numerous national and international scientific academies and societies. In 1946 he became secretary of the Athens Academy , which he co-founded in 1926 , which he remained until 1956. In 1950 he was president of this central scientific institution in Greece. As early as 1936 he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Greek Order of Palms, in 1947 he was made a Knight (Chevalier) of the Legion of Honor , and in 1968 he was awarded the Herder Prize of the University of Vienna . Since 1971 he has been a corresponding member of the British Academy . From 1951 until his death, Orlandos (General) was Secretary of the Archaeological Society in Athens. In 1965, 1968 and again in 1978 the Athens Academy honored him with festschrifts . In his work he combined academic and practical work in the service of antiquities like few other archaeologists. Here he was active both in terms of conservation and restoration and as an excavator. In 1958, when he retired, he ended both activities. One of his most important works is the archive of Byzantine monuments ( Αρχείον των βυζαντινών μνημείων της Ελλάδος ), which he published in twelve volumes between 1937 and 1973. Other studies dealt with ancient building materials and early Byzantine churches with wooden roofs. He was a representative of the equal importance of all cultural assets of Greece from antiquity to modern times, which was also taken up by the Antiquities Service.

Fonts (selection)

  • Το αέτωμα του εν Σουνίω ναού του Ποσειδώνος. In: Archaiologikon Deltion 1, 1915, 1–27.
  • Ο εν στρατώ της Ακαρνανίας ναός του Διός , 1924
  • Μοναστηριακή αρχιτεκτονική. 1927, 2nd edition 1958
  • Monuments byzantines de Chios. 1930
  • Μεσαιωνικά μνημεία της πεδιάδος των Αθηνών και των κλιτυών Υμηττού - Πεντελικού, Πάρνηθος και Αιγάλεω , 1933
  • Συμβολή στη βυζαντινή αρχιτεκτονική. 1937
  • Η ξυλόστεγος παλαιοχριστιανική βασιλική της μεσογειακής λεκάνης. 3 volumes, 1952–1954
  • Τα υλικά δομής των αρχαίων Ελλήνων και οι τρόποι εφαρμογής αυτών κατά τους συγγραφείς , τας επιγραφάς και τα μνημεία , 1955
  • Η Παρηγορήτισσα της Άρτης. 1963
  • Les matériaux de construction et la technique architecturale des anciens Grecs. 2 volumes, de Boccard, Paris 1966–1968.
  • Η αρχιτεκτονική του Παρθενώνος. 3 volumes, 1977
  • Λεξικόν αρχαίων ελληνικών αρχιτεκτονικών όρων. 1986

literature

Web links

supporting documents

  1. Jump up ↑ Churches in Athens: Agios Dionysios Areopagitis (Saint Dionysios) (English).
  2. ^ Deceased Fellows. British Academy, accessed July 13, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Orlandos, Anastasios
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ορλάνδος, Αναστάσιος (Greek); Orlandos, Anastasios Kimōnos; Orlandos, Anastasios K .; Orlandos, Anastasios C .; Orlandos, Anastassios
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Greek architect, building researcher, archaeologist and monument conservator
DATE OF BIRTH December 23, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Athens
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1979
Place of death Athens