Andean sailors

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Andean sailors
Aeronautes andecolus 1847.jpg

Andean swift ( Aeronautes andecolus )

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Sailors (Apodidae)
Tribe : Apodini
Genre : Aeronautes
Type : Andean sailors
Scientific name
Aeronautes andecolus
( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837)

The Andean sailors ( aeronautes andecolus ) is a bird art from the family of sailors (Apodidae). This species has a large distribution area, which extends over the countries Argentina , Chile , Bolivia and Peru . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The Andean swifts reach a body length of about 14 centimeters. The top is consistently gray-brown. The underside is significantly lighter than the upper side, up to an almost white color. The sewer is always white. The neck and rump are each adorned with a white band, which is not continuous or interrupted at the neck. The tail feathers are very close together and are only slightly forked, but can be fanned out during flight maneuvers.

behavior

Andean sailors often fly in waves along the mountain slopes. You can then hear them shouting a high-pitched Zeezeeezee or something quieter Trritrritrri before they move on to another area a few minutes later. They often slide up long cliff walls. The wings are slightly angled when gliding.

distribution and habitat

They move in semi- arid mountain areas, mainly over slopes overgrown by bushes such as legumes and sumac plants . Every now and then you can spot them above trees such as stone slabs and polylepis and stony desert land with isolated cacti and jatropha bushes. Here they are usually at altitudes between 2500 and 3500 meters. In individual cases, the heights can even vary between 340 and 3900 meters.

Brood and nest building

The Andean swifts breed in holes that are usually under rocky outcrops near major road excavations, canyons or sometimes huge cliffs. Otherwise little is known about the breeding behavior.

Subspecies

  • Aeronautes andecolus andecolus ( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837) - nominate form . Occurs in the east of Bolivia and in Argentina south to the province of Río Negro .
  • Aeronautes andecolus parvulus ( Berlepsch & Stolzmann , 1892) - The dark upper side is almost black near the eyes, in the area of ​​the mantle and on the sides. The underside is white from the throat to the cloaca and is replaced by brown on the sides. The neck band is continuous. The subspecies is significantly smaller than the nominate form. It is present from the region of Cajamarca in northern Peru to the western slopes of the Andes in the Región de Tarapacá in Chile. There were also observations in the arid part of the upper reaches of the Marañón .
  • Aeronautes andecolus peruvianus ( Chapman , 1919) - The tail is somewhat shorter and even less forked than in the nominate form. The white part of the plumage shows less yellowish-brown hues. The parting is much darker. The base of the under tail coverts is much less white. A. a. peruvianus is smaller than the nominate form. The distribution area extends over the valleys of the regions Huancavelica to Cusco as well as the intermontane valleys of the rivers Mantaro , Ucayali and Apurímac .

Etymology and systematics

D'Orbigny and Lafresnaye used the binomial Cypselus andecolus in their first description . Only later was the species placed in the genus Aeronautes . The word aeronautes is derived from the Greek aer for air and nautes for sailor, pilot (naus = the ship). The specific epithet andecolus is made up of the Latin word andium for Andes and colere for inhabit . In their first description, Berlepsch & Stolzmann named the subspecies Micropus andecolus parvulus . The trinomen parvulus is the Latin word for very small . In their description, the authors mentioned the clear size difference to the nominate form. A. a. peruvianus was originally described by Chapman as a separate species Micropus peruvianus . The trinomen peruvianus refers to the country of Peru .

literature

  • Jon Fjeldså , Niels Krabbe : Birds of the High Andes: A Manual to the Birds of the Temperate Zone of the Andes and Patagonia, South America . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 1990, ISBN 87-88757-16-1 .
  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Frank Michler Chapman : Description of proposed new birds from Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Colombia . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 32 , 1919, pp. 253-267 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, Jan Sztolcman: Résultats des recherches ornithologiques faites au Pérou par M. Jean Kalinowski . In: Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1892 . 1892, p. 371-410 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny, Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Synopsis Avium from Alcide d'Obrigny, in ejus per Americam meridionalem itinere, collectarum et from ioso viatore necon A de Lefrasnaye in ordine redactarum . In: Magasin de zoologie, Journal destiné a établir une coorespondance entre les zoologistes de tous les pays, et a leur faciliter les moyens de publier les espèces nouvelles ou peu connus qu'ils possèdent . tape 7 , Classe II, 1837, pp. 1-88 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny u. a. (1837), p. 70, panels 77-79.
  2. ^ Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch a. a. (1892), p. 384, footnote 1.
  3. ↑ Frank Michler Chapman (1919), p. 253, Figure 1.

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