Stone grind

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Stone grind
Large-leaved stone yew (Podocarpus macrophyllus), leaves

Large-leaved stone yew ( Podocarpus macrophyllus ), leaves

Systematics
Department : Vascular plants (tracheophyta)
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Coniferopsida
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Stonecaceae (Podocarpaceae)
Genre : Stone grind
Scientific name
Podocarpus
L'Hérit ex Pers.

The stone slices ( Podocarpus ) are a genus of plants in the family of stone slices (Podocarpaceae). The approximately 105 species thrive in the tropics .

description

Large-leaved stone yew ( Podocarpus macrophyllus ), leaves and seeds with red aril

Vegetative characteristics

Podocarpus species are evergreen shrubs or trees that can reach heights of about 40 meters. The alternate leaves are not needle-shaped, but lanceolate, they are coarse and leathery, they usually have a middle nerve and rarely a few parallel nerves.

Generative characteristics

Most of the Podocarpus species are dioecious separately sexed ( diocesan ). The seeds are surrounded by a seed coat ( arillus ) (like the yew trees , hence the German name).

distribution

The stone slices are represented with many species in the mountains of the tropics ; the distribution area of ​​the genus Podocarpus extends south to Chile and New Zealand , in the north to Japan and Mexico .

In the southeast of Africa there were originally extensive stone beef forests, which among other things represent an important habitat for the Cape Parrot , which is now threatened with extinction . These forests have largely been cut down and reforested with tree species that are not native to southern Africa. Mainly eucalyptus species and conifers were used for this. Stone beech forests can only be found in inaccessible altitudes.

Systematics

Podocarpus section : Podocarpus elongatus
Podocarpus section : Broad-leaved stone slab ( Podocarpus latifolius )
Podocarpus section : Broad-leaved stone yew ( Podocarpus latifolius ) on Table Mountain in South Africa
Section Scytopodium : False yellowwood ( Podocarpus henkelii )
Australes section : New Zealand Alpine stone slab ( Podocarpus nivalis )
Australes section : Chilean stone pulp ( Podocarpus nubigenus )
Australes Section : Totara ( Podocarpus totara )
Australes Section : Totara ( Podocarpus totara )
Lanceolati section : Podocarpus matudae
Foliolati section : Oleander-leaved stone yew ( Podocarpus neriifolius ), habitus
Foliolati section : Oleander-leaved stone slab ( Podocarpus neriifolius )
Macrostachyi section : Podocarpus costalis
Polystachyi section : Podocarpus elatus
Polystachyi section : Large-leaved stone yew ( Podocarpus macrophyllus ) with male inflorescences

The genus Podocarpus was established in 1807 by Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle in Christiaan Hendrik Persoon : Synopsis Plantarum , Vol. 2, 2, page 580. Type species is Podocarpus elongatus (Aiton) L'Herit. ex pers. The botanical genus name Podocarpus means “stalked fruit”. However, these naked animals do not bear fruits in the botanical sense, but stalked seeds with a colored aril . Podocarpus L'Hérit ex Pers. was preserved against Podocarpus Labill. Another synonym for Podocarpus L'Hérit ex Pers. nom. cons. is Margbensonia A.E. Bobrov & Melikyan .

There are 105 species in the genus Podocarpus . It is divided into two sub-genres and several sections. In the names of the subgenus and sections, the endings have been corrected in accordance with the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Article 32.6):

Without assignment to a sub-genus or section are:

The following species, for example, no longer belong to the genus Podocarpus :

  • Plum stone slice ( Prumnopitys andina (Poepp. Ex Endl.) De Laub. , Syn .: Podocarpus andinus Poepp. Ex Endl. , Prumnopitys elegans Phil. )
  • New Zealand warthog ( Dacrycarpus dacrydioides (A.Rich.) De Laub. , Syn .: Podocarpus dacrydioides A.Rich. , Dacrydium excelsum D.Don , Podocarpus thujoides R.Br. , Nageia dacrydioides (A.Rich.) F.Muell. , Nageia excelsa (D.Don) Kuntze , Podocarpus excelsus (D.Don) Druce )
  • Miro ( Prumnopitys ferruginea (G.Benn. Ex D.Don) de Laub. , Syn .: Podocarpus ferrugineus G.Benn. Ex D.Don , Stachycarpus ferrugineus (G.Benn. Ex D.Don) Tiegh. , Nageia ferruginea ( G.Benn. Ex D.Don) F.Muell. )
  • Nagi tree ( Nageia nagi (Thunb.) Kuntze , Syn .: Podocarpus nagi (Thunb.) Pilg. , Decussocarpus nagi (Thunb.) De Laub. , Podocarpus formosensis Dummer , Podocarpus koshunensis (Kaneh.) Kaneh. )
  • Slender Afro yellowwood ( Afrocarpus gracilior (Pilg.) CNPage , Syn .: Podocarpus gracilior Pilg. , Decussocarpus gracilior (Pilg.) De Laub. )
  • Common Afro yellowwood ( Afrocarpus falcatus (Thunb.) CNPage , Syn .: Podocarpus falcatus (Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb. )

Use as an ornamental plant

All species are not hardy in Central Europe . Several species are cultivated in the British Isles and can also be seen in gardens and parks there. Individual species are suitable as house plants and are even relatively robust.

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References and comments

  1. a b Podocarpus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on April 29, 2019.
  2. a b c Species list for Podocarpus in the Red List of South African Plants
  3. a b c d e f g h Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
  4. a b c d e f g h Podocarpus at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Podocarpus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 2, 2019.

Web links

Commons : Stone slices ( Podocarpus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Podocarpus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  • Podocarpus at Tropicos.org. In: Flora Mesoamericana . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  • Vascular Plants of the Americas : Podocarpus at Tropicos.org. In: 83 . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis