Andreas Heinz (medical doctor)

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Andreas Heinz

Andreas Heinz (born February 4, 1960 in Stuttgart ) is a German psychiatrist and psychotherapist . Since 2002 he has been director of the Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy on the Charité Mitte campus in Berlin .

Life

Andreas Heinz studied medicine , philosophy and anthropology at the Ruhr University Bochum , the Free University of Berlin and the Howard University Washington DC . He obtained his doctorate in 1988 in Bochum. med. with a thesis on anthropological and evolutionary models of schizophrenia research . He subsequently worked as a postdoc at the National Institute of Health , Bethesda MD. In 1998 he received his habilitation at the Free University of Berlin with the text The dopaminergic reinforcement system for psychiatry and psychotherapy. In 2013, Heinz received his doctorate at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Potsdam with the thesis The concept of mental illness .

In 2002 he became director of the Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Charité in Berlin. From 2012 to 2017 he was deputy chairman of Aktion Mentally Ill, an association for psychiatry reform. From 2010 to 2014 he was President of the German Society for Biological Psychiatry (DGBP) . From 2008 to 2011 he was spokesman for the Standing Conference of Chair Holders for Psychiatry in Germany. Since 2009 he has been a member of the board of the German Society for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Neurology (DGPPN) . and currently also president of the professional association. He is also project manager in the international research project “Mental Health and Migration”. He represents a person-centered orientation and opening up of psychiatry. In 2011 he was appointed Leibniz Chair at the Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg due to special research achievements . For the winter semester 2014/2015 he has been appointed Karl Jaspers visiting professor at the University of Oldenburg.

He is also head of the migration, mental and physical health and health promotion department at the Berlin Institute for Empirical Integration and Migration Research .

Heinz is editor of the textbook “Practice of Intercultural Psychiatry & Psychotherapy. Migration and Mental Health ”and author of numerous scientific publications on psychiatry under National Socialism, critical neuroscience and neurobiology of psychoses and alcoholic diseases.

Andreas Heinz is a grandson of the former President of the Baden-Württemberg State Employment Office, Eugen Heinz .

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In discussing psychiatric theories that attempted to explain the manifestation of schizophrenic psychosis in the 20th century, Heinz criticized the use of Eurocentric models of development. Such models postulate that cultural development is unilinear and corresponds to brain development, with Europeans supposedly assuming the most highly developed stage and other population groups being assigned to more “primitive” stages of cultural and brain development. In such developmental models, schizophrenia is understood as a loss of higher cognitive functions and as an evolutionary “regression” or “regression” to a more “primitive” functional level, which suggests similarities between psychotic experiences and magical or “prelogical” thoughts in non-European populations should explain. Heinz shows that these theories are highly contradictory and project an overly simplified model of brain development onto social interactions, overlooking the fact that the supposed "primitive" populations at the beginning of the 20th century were populations subject to European imperialism and colonialism. Heinz criticizes the fact that such uniform models neglect the diversity of human development and also project structurally simplified models of “top-down” control and “bottom-up” subordination onto brain regions, with which the complex interactions in the human central nervous system are not adequately represented.

In his empirical work, Heinz focused on "bottom-up" types of information transfer in reward-dependent learning and on the neurotransmitter systems associated with this, such as the dopaminergic and serotonergic system. He transferred ideas on the function of dopamine from the field of addiction research to the theory of the development of schizophrenic psychoses and concluded that a chaotic or stress-induced, short-term (phasic) increase in dopamine release in the striatum leads to otherwise irrelevant environmental stimuli being experienced as significant and so on contribute to the delusional mood, a hypothesis that was later adopted by Shitij Kapur. Further empirical studies by Heinz and others showed that simple models of a “top-down” malfunction of supposedly higher brain centers do not apply to psychotic illnesses; instead, his findings point to complex interactions between brain centers that calculate errors in the prediction of reward, process appetitive and threatening stimuli, and contribute to fluid intelligence.

With regard to cognitive capacities and intelligence, Heinz emphasizes the importance of stress-associated changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission for the neurobiological correlates of fluid intelligence. He names stress experiences, social isolation and discrimination as essential factors that influence basic cognitive functions and mental health in general. Based on studies that emphasize the role of social exclusion, Heinz advocates community-based psychiatric care, the opening of previously closed wards and the inclusion of people with mental illness at all levels of society.

With regard to the terms mental health and illness, Heinz criticizes the view that mental disorders can be defined as a deviation from a state of "normality". Heinz emphasizes that the frequency with which mental illnesses occur is not a valid criterion for deciding whether a certain condition can be understood as an illness or not, because otherwise, in view of the increasing number of dementias in older people, dementia would at some point be considered a condition the "normality" to understand what is nonsensical. Instead, Heinz suggests that discussions about clinically relevant mental illnesses should distinguish between the medical aspect of a disorder, which is negotiated under the term "disease" in English, and the subjective experience of illness (which is under the term "illness" in English) and restrictions on social participation (which are described in English under the aspect of "sickness"). Heinz suggests that a clinically relevant mental illness should only be diagnosed if criteria for the presence of a medically relevant illness are met as well as those for the presence of a subjective impairment or a limitation of the social Participation ("sickness"). With regard to the medical aspect of the diagnosis of illness, Heinz postulates that the medical criterion for illness would only be fulfilled if a mental function is impaired, which is generally of decisive importance for the survival of the individual or at least for living with other people in the environment. With reference to clinical practice, Heinz assumes that medically relevant symptoms of mental illnesses such as delirium or dementia are generally life-threatening, while the key symptoms of psychoses and severe affective illnesses tend to impair the person's ability to live with others, for example because the intentions and actions are ascribed to external “forces” such as imperative acoustic hallucinations or externally “input” thoughts. Heinz emphasizes that such medically relevant symptoms and thus indications of a mental illness alone are not sufficient to diagnose a clinically relevant illness, since people can experience acoustic hallucinations (and thus fulfill the medical disease criterion), but neither suffer from them can still be impaired in their social participation. Heinz postulates that no clinically relevant mental illness should be diagnosed in these cases. Heinz recommends that the health system focus on people with clinically relevant mental illnesses in order to do justice to the seriously ill and to promote their inclusion in the world of work and the community.

Memberships

  • Deputy chairman of Aktion Mentally Ill , member since 2007 and board member 2012–2017.
  • Board member of the German Society for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Neurology, since 2009. President 2019–2020
  • Board member of the European Psychiatric Association, 2013–2016.
  • President of the German Society for Biological Psychiatry, 2010–2014.
  • Speaker of the permanent conference of professorships for psychiatry in Germany, 2008–2011.

Professional associations

Review activity

Fonts

  • Andreas Heinz: The dopaminergic reinforcement system: function, interaction with other neurotransmitter systems and psychopathological correlates . In: Monographs from the entire field of psychiatry . tape 100 . Steinkopff Verlag, Darmstadt 1998 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Andreas Heinz: Colonial practices in the construction of the schizophrenic patient as primitive man . In: Critique of Anthropology . No. 18 , 1998, pp. 421-444 ( charite.de [PDF]).
  • Andreas Heinz: Anthropological and evolutionary models in schizophrenia research . In: T. Heise, J. Schuler (Ed.): Das transkulturelle Psychoforum . tape 9 . Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung, Berlin 2002 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Andreas Heinz, DF Braus, MN Smolka, J. Wrase, I. Puls, D. Hermann, S. Klein, SM Grüsser, H. Flor, G. Schumann, K. Mann, C. Büchel: Amygdala-prefrontal coupling depends on a genetic variation of the serotonin transporter . In: Nature Neuroscience . No. 8 , 2005, p. 20-21 , doi : 10.1038 / nn1366 ( nature.com ).
  • Andreas Heinz, Wielant Machleidt (ed.): Practice of intercultural psychiatry and psychotherapy: Migration and mental health . Urban & Fischer Verlag / Elsevier, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-437-24570-1 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • AJ Heinz, A. Beck, A. Meyer-Lindenberg, P. Sterzer, Andreas Heinz: Cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol-related aggression . In: Nature Review Neuroscience . No. 12 , 2011, p. 400-413 , doi : 10.1038 / nrn3042 ( nature.com ).
  • U. Lang, S. Hartmann, S. Schulz-Hartmann, Y. Gudlowski, R. Ricken, I. Munk, D. von Haebler, J. Gallinat, Andreas Heinz: Do locked doors in psychiatric hospitals prevent patients from absconding? In: European Journal of Psychiatry . No. 4/24 , 2010, p. 199-204 , doi : 10.4321 / S0213-61632010000400001 ( isciii.es [PDF]).
  • Andreas Heinz, Ulrike Kluge (Ed.): Immigration - Threat or Future Myths and Facts on Integration . Campus Verlag, 2012 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • Andreas Heinz, Gernot Ernst (Ed.): The stubborn matter News from natural science and consequences for left theory and practice . Schetterling Verlag, 2013 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  • Andreas Heinz (Ed.): The concept of mental illness . Suhrkamp / Insel Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-518-29708-7 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Andreas Heinz (Ed.): A New Understanding of Mental Disorders - Computational Models for Dimensional Psychiatry . MIT Press, 2017 ( mit.edu ).

Awards

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Andreas Heinz: The dopaminergic reinforcement system . Steinkopff, 2000, ISBN 978-3-7985-1248-1 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  2. ↑ DNB 1041344120
  3. ^ DGPPN: Board of Directors. In: dgppn.de. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  4. ↑ SeGeMi - Berlin. In: segemi.de. Retrieved January 10, 2015 .
  5. ↑ U. Lang, S. Hartmann, S. Schulz-Hartmann, Y. Gudlowski, R. Ricken, I. Munk, D. von Haebler, J. Gallinat, Andreas Heinz: Do locked doors in psychiatric hospitals prevent patients from absconding? In: European Journal of Psychiatry . tape 4/24 , 2010, p. 199-204 .
  6. ↑ Andreas Heinz received Leibniz Chair ( Memento from October 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: nncn.uni-freiburg.de
  7. ↑ uni-oldenburg.de
  8. ↑ a b c Andreas Heinz: Anthropological and evolutionary models in schizophrenia research . In: The transcultural Psychoforum . tape 9 . Publishing house for science and education, Berlin 2002.
  9. ^ A b Andreas Heinz: Colonial perspectives in the construction of the schizophrenic patient as primitive man . In: Crit Anthropol . tape 18 , 1998, pp. 421-444 .
  10. ^ A b Andreas Heinz: Dopaminergic dysfunction in alcoholism and schizophrenia - psychopathological and behavioral correlates . In: Eur Psychiatry . tape 17 , no. 1 , 2002, p. 9-16 , PMID 11918987 .
  11. ^ A b Adrienne J. Heinz, Anne Beck, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Philipp Sterzer, Andreas Heinz: Cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol-related aggression . In: Nat Rev Neurosci . tape 12 , no. 7 , 2011, p. 400-413 , doi : 10.1038 / nrn3042 .
  12. ↑ S. Kapur: Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology, and pharmacology in schizophrenia . In: Am J Psychiatry . tape 160 , no. 1 , 2003, p. 13-23 , PMID 1250579 .
  13. ↑ F Schlagenhauf, MA Rapp, QJ Huys, A Beck, T Wüstenberg, L Deserno, HG Buchholz, J Kalbitzer, R Buchert, M Bauer, T Kienast, P Cumming, M Plotkin, Y Kumakura, AA Grace, RJ Dolan, A Heinz: Ventral striatal prediction error signaling is associated with dopamine synthesis capacity and fluid intelligence . In: Hum Brain Mapp . tape 34 , no. 6 , 2013, p. 1490-9 , doi : 10.1002 / hbm.22000 .
  14. ^ E Friedel, F Schlagenhauf, A Beck, RJ Dolan, QJ Huys, MA Rapp, A Heinz: The effects of life stress and neural learning signals on fluid intelligence . In: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci . tape 265 , no. 1 , 2015, p. 35-43 , doi : 10.1007 / s00406-014-0519-3 .
  15. ^ A Heinz, L Deserno, U Reininghaus: Urbanicity, social adversity and psychosis . In: World Psychiatry . tape 12 , no. 3 , 2013, p. 187-197 , doi : 10.1002 / wps.20056 .
  16. ↑ a b MA Rapp, U Kluge, S Penka, A Vardar, MC Aichberger, AP Mundt, M Schouler-Ocak, M Mösko, J Butler, A Meyer-Lindenberg, A Heinz: When local poverty is more important than your income: Mental health in minorities in inner cities . In: World Psychiatry . tape 14 , no. 2 , 2015, p. 249–250 , doi : 10.1002 / wps.20221 .
  17. ^ A Heinz, L Deserno, U Reininghaus: Urbanicity, social adversity and psychosis . In: World Psychiatry . tape 12 , no. 3 , 2013, p. 187-97 , doi : 10.1002 / wps.20056 .
  18. ↑ Andreas Heinz: The concept of mental illness . Suhrkamp pocket book science, Berlin 2014.
  19. ^ Andreas Heinz, Katrin Charlet, Michael A. Rapp: Public mental health: a call to action . In: World Psychiatry . tape 14 , no. 1 , 2015, p. 49-50 , doi : 10.1002 / wps.20182 .
  20. ↑ Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. In: springer.com. Archived from the original on May 1, 2014 ; accessed on January 10, 2015 .
  21. ↑ adwmainz.de
  22. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Dr. Andreas Heinz (with CV) at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on June 11, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Heinz, Andreas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist and psychotherapist
DATE OF BIRTH 4th February 1960
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart