Antimony (V) sulfide

General
Surname	Antimony (V) sulfide
other names	Gold sulfur (Di) antimony pentasulfide
Molecular formula	Sb 2 S 5
Brief description	orange-yellow odorless powder
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 1315-04-4 EC number 215-255-5 ECHA InfoCard 100,013,869 PubChem 11338637 ChemSpider 9513581 Wikidata Q420515
properties
Molar mass	403.82 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.12 g cm −3
Melting point	75 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 228-302-332-411 P: 210-273
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Antimony (V) sulfide (also called gold sulfur ) is a chemical compound made up of the elements antimony and sulfur . It has the formula Sb ₂ S ₅ , but the exact structure is not known.

history

Antimony pentasulphide has been known since the 16th century.

Extraction and presentation

Antimony (V) sulfide is produced in chemical factories by the decomposition of sodium thioantimonate nonahydrate ( Schlippe's salt , discovered by Karl von Schlippe in 1821 ), a compound of sodium sulfide with antimony (V) sulfide (Na ₃ SbS ₄ · 9 H ₂ O), by very dilute sulfuric acid . Antimony (V) sulfide then precipitates as an orange-red precipitate.

${\displaystyle {\ce {2Na3SbS4 + 3H2SO4 -> Sb2S5 v + 3H2S + 3Na2SO4}}}$

properties

Antimony (V) sulfide is a fine, orange-red, odorless and tasteless powder. It is insoluble in water and ethanol , soluble in potassium hydroxide and ammonium sulfide solutions . In hydrochloric acid it dissolves as antimony (III) chloride with the separation of sulfur and the evolution of hydrogen sulfide . When exposed to light or heated, it splits into antimony (III) sulfide and sulfur.

use

Due to the lower toxicity compared to antimony (III) sulfide , A. was used industrially e.g. T. used as a substitute for this. Antimony pentasulfide was formerly the vulcanization of rubber used. The rubber goods vulcanized in this way were characteristically red in color. Today it is used for fireworks items and pigments . In the past, antimony (V) sulfide was only used medicinally for catarrhal diseases. However, the effect was attributed to the previously common contamination by arsenic compounds .

safety instructions

Antimony (V) sulphide must be stored away from light and air, otherwise oxidation will occur.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} entry to antimony (V) sulphide in the GESTIS database of IFA , retrieved on Feb. 14, 2017(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} A. F. Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , p. 973 (reading sample: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ).
3. ↑ Treatise on gold sulfur ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.