Antoine Petit

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Antoine Petit, drawing and engraving by Charles-François-Adrien Macret from 1775

Antoine Petit (born July 23, 1722 in Orléans , † October 21, 1794 in Olivet ) was a French doctor.

Live and act

Antoine Petit was the son of a poor tailor, but received a good upbringing and, after completing his schooling at the college in his hometown, devoted himself to studying surgery . After a few years he went to Paris to complete his training . After completing his studies, he was soon giving classes in anatomy , surgery and obstetrics . In 1746 he was appointed docteur régent .

His ability to diagnose diseases made him a well-known doctor whose advice was appreciated outside of France. The childless Petit used part of his extensive fortune to establish institutions. He helped establish the Paris Medical School and the establishment of a chair in anatomy and surgery. He made a donation of more than 100,000 livres to a foundation in his hometown of Orléans . The purpose of this foundation should be through the appointment of four doctors and two surgeons in the free care of needy patients in the city.

From 1769 to 1775 he was a professor of anatomy at the Jardin du Roi . Petit donated a house to the city ​​of Fontenay-aux-Roses to accommodate the city's medical officer. For the Encyclopaedia of Denis Diderot wrote an article about the anatomy of the human body. One of his students at the Jardin du Roi was Félix Vicq d'Azyr .

On June 28, 1760, the Académie des Sciences elected him to succeed Jacques-René Tenon (1724-1816) as its member as "Adjoint anatomist". On August 31, 1773 he moved up for Tenon as "Associé anatomiste" and on September 2, 1784 "Pensionnaire vétéran". After the reorganization of the academy, Petit was confirmed on April 23, 1785 as "Pensionnaire vétéran".

Fonts (selection)

  • Le Miroir. Comédie en un acte et en vers . Cailleau, Paris 1747 (anonymous; online ).
  • Le Bacha de Smyrne. Comédie en un acte et en prose . Cailleau, Paris 1747 (anonymous).
  • Anatomie chirurgicale, ou description exacte des parties du corps humain, avec des remarques utiles aux chirurgiens dans la pratique de leur art . Paris 1753 ( Volume 1 , Volume 2 ).
    • Surgical anatomy, or precise description of the parts of the human body . Seeligmann, Nürmber 1761.
  • Discours prononcé aux ecoles de médecine pour l'ouverture solemnelle du cours de chirurgie . Paris 1757 ( online ).
  • Premier rapport en faveur de l'inoculation . Dessain, Paris 1764 ( online ).
  • Consultation en faveur de la légitimité des naissances tardives . Paris 1765 ( online ).
  • HOMME (Exposition anatomique du corps de l ') . In: Encyclopédie: ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers . Volume 8, 1765, pp. 261-274 ( online ).
  • Recueil des pieces relative a la question des naissances tardives . 2 volumes, D'Houry, Amsterdam / Paris 1766 ( volume 1 , volume 2 ).
  • Second rapport en faveur de l'inoculation . Dessain, Paris 1766 ( online ).
  • Lettre… sur quelques faits relatifs à la pratique de l'inoculation . Vallat-la-Chapelle, Amsterdam / Paris 1767 ( online ).
  • Sur la meillure manière de construire un hôspital des malades . Collet, Paris 1774.
  • Projet de réforme sur l'exercice de la médecine en France . Croullebois, Paris 1791.
  • Traité des maladies des femmes enceintes, en couche, et des enfants nouveau-nés, précédé du mécanisme des accouchemens . 2 parts, Baudouin, Paris 1799 ( part 1 , part 2 ).
    • Theoretical-practical treatise on obstetrics and illnesses in pregnant women, childbathers and newborn children . 2 parts, Hennings, Erfurt 1800.

literature

  • Achille Chéreau: Le Parnasse médical français: ou, Dictionnaire des médecins-poètes de la France, anciens ou modern, morts ou vivants . Delahaye, Paris 1874, p. 419 ( online ).
  • Charles Cuissard: Notice sur Antoine Petit d'Orléans (1722–1794) . In: Mémoires de la Société d'agriculture, sciences, belles-lettres et arts d'Orléans . 5th Series, Volume 1, 1901, pp. 135-164 ( online ).
  • Pierre Larousse (ed.): Grand dictionnaire universel du XIX e siècle, française, historique, géographique, mythologique, bibliographique, littéraire, artistique, scientifique, etc. Volume 12, Paris 1866, p. 715 ( online ).

Web links

Wikisource: Antoine Petit  - Sources and full texts (French)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frank A. Kafker: Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie. Volume 8, Number 8, 1990, p. 110 ( online ).
  2. ↑ Rafael Mandressi: Félix Vicq d'Azyr: l'anatomy, l'Etat, la médecine . (accessed March 26, 2013).
  3. ↑ Les membres du passé dont le nom commence par P .
personal data
SURNAME Petit, Antoine
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Petitaeus, Antonius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor, surgeon and encyclopaedist
DATE OF BIRTH July 23, 1722
PLACE OF BIRTH Orleans
DATE OF DEATH October 21, 1794
Place of death Olivet (Loiret)