Anton Gemander

Anton Gemander (* 1822 in Plawniowitz , Tost district ( Silesia ); † May 18, 1889 in Bełk ) was the Prussian royal bailiff and plenipotentiary of the "zinc king" and economic leader in Upper Silesia Karl Godulla (1781–1848), after his heiress's death countess Johanna von Schaffgotsch (1842–1910) in Koppitz .

ancestry

His parents were Mathias Gemander (1791–1876), forester at the manor owner Count Ballestrem in Plawniowitz in the Tost-Gleiwitz district , and Magdalene Christiane nee. Kubitz (a) (1795–1869) from Rudnik near Ratibor . His sister Anna Euphemia Gemander (1826–1908) married the king in Plawniowitz in 1854. Economist and economic director Julius Heinrich Lüdke (1817-1892), who together with his brother-in-law Anton Gemander managed the Bujakow estate in the district of Beuthen, which belongs to Karl Godulla . His brother was the administrative lawyer, most recently the district administrator of the Rybnik district in Upper Silesia , Carl Gemander .

Life

General representative of Karl Godulla

Gemander grew up in modest circumstances and, like his father , was employed as a forest assistant for the manor owner Count Carl Franz von Ballestrem in Plawniowitz . There he met Karl Godulla , who grew up as the son of a hunting warden and had initially been trained by the count in his forestry business. In 1807 he was appointed administrator of the count's estates and businesses and in 1818 rose to be his agent. Godulla had become a wealthy man who owned coal mines and zinc smelters and manors. He owned six manors: Bobrek, Orzegow, Schomberg, Ober-, Mittel- and Nieder-Bujakow, which he had essentially acquired for the purpose of extracting the mineral resources below.

Since he had got to know Gemander as an ambitious person and friend while working together with the Count, he trained him in the management of agricultural and forestry operations and finally entrusted him with the management of his estates and the management of the forests, while he himself took care of himself Turned to pits and huts.

Gemander was an excellent forester and an excellent farmer and made great contributions to the development of Upper Silesian agriculture and forestry.

Godulla was not married and had no children. His household was run by Emilia Lukas, who had taken a child from a miner's family into the household in 1846 after she was appointed guardian. The child Johanna was born on April 29, 1842 in Poremba in the district of Beuthen as the daughter of the miner Johann Gryzik and his wife Antonia Hein. The father died in 1845. The mother left the child to its own devices. Godulla agreed that his housekeeper would take care of the child and moved with her to Schomberg Castle, which he had bought. He made her the sole heir of his property when he died from cholera in 1848. Johanna married the count and mining industrialist Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch .

Manor owner

When Godulla died in 1848, Gemander married the housekeeper Emilia Lukas, whom Godulla had given generously in his will.

Gemander acquired the manor in Belk in the Rybnik district , now part of the town of Czerwionka-Leszczyny , from his wife's funds. The seller was Arthur Baildon, the son of the industrialist John Baildon (1772–1846), the "father of the modern steel industry", who died in 1846 .

In 1873 the estate had a size of 4807 acres (of which 2279 arable, 219 meadows, 2267 forest, 42 water). This included a distillery, a copper hammer, and iron ore and coal mines.

The manor remained in his possession until his death in 1889. After that, his wife Emilia inherited the estate. She bequeathed it to her nephew Alfons Lukas, in whose hands the property remained until 1922. The as Upper Silesia designated part of Upper Silesia , one of which also Belk was after the First World War, by virtue of the Treaty of Versailles and after a referendum and riots on 20 June 1922 by the German Reich to Poland ceded. Alfons Lukas sold the estate to the engineer Bronislaw von Jastrzębiec-Albinowskiemu. He remained the owner of the property until World War II. It then became the property of the Polish state. The castle fell into disrepair and was demolished. Only remnants are left.

With his wife's means, Anton Gemander also became the owner of a neighboring manor with a size of 1337 acres near Czerwionka-Leszczyny , which he passed on to his brother Carl Gemander after 1873 (when he got married?) . In the address book of Beuthen in 1880 Carl Gemander is listed as a member of the parish council of the Catholic parish church with the designation "manor owner".

Tenant of manors

In addition to his own property, Gemander managed the extensive agricultural and forestry property of Gomulla and, after his death, that of his heiress, Countess von Schaffgotsch. Gemander had leased the Bujakow manor since 1851 together with the later royal economist Julius Heinrich Lüdke (1817-1892). This was the son of the domain tenant of the royal domain in Altlandsberg near Berlin, Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Lüdke . His eldest son Gustav Germanus Lüdke became his successor in Altlandsberg. The younger son emigrated to Silesia in around 1842 and took over the management of Count Franz von Zawadzki's estate in Ponischowitz near Gleiwitz .

After his wife Ottilie Heinze died in 1852, Lüdke married Anna Euphemia Gemander in 1854, the sister of his co-tenant Anton Gemander.

In 1873 the estate had a size of 3,096 acres (1,409 arable, 144 meadows, 1,539 whale, 4 water). In 1873, the “director” Lüdke was given as the “authorized representative” of the Countess von Schaffgotsch. This means that the original lease was canceled. Gemander had leased the Schomberg manor from the Countess von Schaffgotsch. He lived in the castle. In 1873 the estate had a size of 1262 acres (1150 arable fields, 112 meadows). There was a brewery and a distillery on the industrial side.

Construction of the chapel on the hill of the Lukas family

Gemander had a neo-Gothic chapel built over the hill in 1860 on a hill in Belk, now called "Lukasów Hill", on which are the remains of a medieval fortress, which was probably used for defense and where the original center of the village was crowns. This is evidenced by the date engraved on one of the stones on the side walls of the building. The chapel, which was built for the purpose of the founder's family crypt, has not been destroyed. The crypt is currently not accessible. The Gemander couple are not buried in the crypt, only family members of the Lukas family. Among them is the daughter of Alfons Lukas, Eleonora Lukas, famous for her beauty who allegedly died young, probably during the flu epidemic that took place during the First World War. According to legend, she died when the child was born and was buried with the child. The neo-Gothic architecture of the building shows a multitude of characteristic elements of the nineteenth century. There is a rose window in the portal. The wall paintings are in poor condition but can still be seen. Pictures of the current situation can be found on the website of the Association for Rural Development Belk., The portal of the Silesian tourism information system slaskie.travel, the FORUM MAGAZINE KNOWLEDGE AND LIFE - OTHER FACES OF HISTORY and Explorer forum overview.

literature

• J. Kania, co-founder of the Upper Silesian industry and well-deserved promoter of its cultural development. Men of their own strength. in: Oberschlesien, magazine for maintaining knowledge and representing the interests of Upper Silesia 3rd year, issue 1 April 1904, p. 14, digital: [14]
• Hans Nowak / Georg Zivier, Zink wird Gold , new edition Diedorf 1982 (The factual novel describes the biography of Godulla and the story of his heiress Schomberg-Godulla and mentions his friend and companion Gemander and his housekeeper Lukas several times)
• Florian Seiffert, family research online (accessed on September 12, 2014): [15]

References and comments

1. ↑ Florian Seiffert, Familienforschung online (accessed on August 17, 2016): [1]
2. ↑ Konrad Fuchs, Godulla, Karl , Kulturportal West-Ost, online edition, accessed on August 18, 2016 digitally: [2]
3. ↑ Mike Clarke, article named BAILDON, John in: AWSkempton (Ed.), A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland: 1500-1830, Vol. 1, London 2002, digital reading: [3]
4. ^ Freight address book Silesia 1873, digital [4]
5. ↑ Paläste Schlesien, Belk, digitally accessed on June 18, 2016 [5]
6. ↑ Goods address book Silesia 1873 / Rybnik ( online )
7. ^ District of Beuthen / address book 1880, digital [6]
8. ↑ On Gut Ponischowitz see website Palaces of Silesia digitally accessed on August 18, 2016 [7]
9. ^ Freight address book Silesia 1873 [8]
10. ↑ Goods address book Silesia 1873 [9]
11. ↑ Wzgórze Lukasów, digitally accessed on August 17, 2016 [10]
12. ↑ Gallery picture 2/2 ( neo-Gothic chapel on the hill of the Lukas family ), digitally accessed on August 18, 2016 [11]
13. ↑ FORUM MAGAZYNU WIEDZA I ŻYCIE - INNE OBLICZA HISTORII digitally accessed on August 18, 2016 [12]
14. ↑ Eksploratorzy • Strona główna forum, digitally accessed on August 18, 2016 [13]