Alt-Landsberg Office

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Altlandsberg on the Urmes table sheet 3448 Altlandsberg from 1839. The official building north of the actual city center is marked A.

The Alt-Landsberg office was a royal Prussian domain office based in the town of Altlandsberg ( Märkisch-Oderland district , Brandenburg ). In 1708, the Brandenburg elector and king in Prussia, Friedrich I, bought the rule of Alt-Landsberg from Friedrich Wilhelm von Schwerin and converted it into a sovereign office. A few new settlements were laid out on the official territory during the term of office. The Alt-Landsberg office was dissolved in 1872/4, and its tasks were essentially transferred to the district administration. The domain remained in state ownership, but was further leased.

Geographical location

Altlandsberg is located east of Berlin, only approx. 7 km from the Berlin city limits. In the early modern period it belonged to the Niederbarnim district of the Mark Brandenburg , which was transferred to the Niederbarnim district (later Niederbarnim district ) of the Brandenburg province with almost no changes in the district reform of 1816/7 . The Alt-Landsberg office, however, was not contiguous in terms of area, but also had possessions and rights in the Oberbarnim district (or Oberbarnim district / Oberbarnim district in the province of Brandenburg). The official seat was in the domain courtyard on the castle grounds in Altlandsberg, which also included a district near the city, the so-called freedom of office.

History and related places

prehistory

In 1409, Margrave Jobst von Moravia gave the castle and town of Alt-Landsberg to several von Krummensee brothers . In 1654 the later “First Minister” of the Brandenburg Electors Otto I von Schwerin acquired the von Krummensee estate, which was now given the status of a lordship. Through acquisitions, he increased the rule substantially. On September 9, 1708, King Friedrich I bought the Alt-Landsberg estate from the grandson of the founder, Friedrich Wilhelm von Schwerin, and established the Alt-Landsberg office in Altlandsberg. The seat of the office in the 18th century was the Vorwerk near Altlandsberg Castle. After the death of King Friedrich I, the castle was shut down and subsequently also neglected. In 1757 the castle burned down and was then torn down to the foundation walls. Some of the stones were transported to Berlin and some were used to rebuild the castle church.

Associated places around 1800

According to Bratring (1805), which describes the state of around 1801, as well as the locality directory of the government district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817 , the Alt-Landsberg office included the following places and individual farms in the Niederbarnim and Oberbarnim districts :

  • Altlandsberg , Amtssitzvorwerk and Liberut as well as the freedom of office in front of the Bernauer Tor (up in Altlandsberg).
  • Altwustrow (part of the municipality in the Wustrow district, Oderaue municipality ). Five sixths of the place came with the rule Alt-Landsberg to the office Alt-Landsberg. As early as 1706, the former Prädikow estate was separated from the Alt-Landsberg estate and awarded to Paul Anton von Kameke , including a sixth from Altwustrow. In 1722 King Friedrich Wilhelm I acquired this last sixth from the widow of Paul Anton von Kameke. Up until the creation of the Wollup office in 1731, Altwustrow was administered by the Alt-Landsberg office. After the office of Kienitz was separated from the office of Wollup in 1744 , the place was assigned to this office. After 1805 it came first to the Zehden office , then finally to the Wriezen office in 1850 . In 1744 he was assigned to the office of Kienitz. After 1805 he came to the Zehden office, then to the Wriezen office in 1850.
  • Berlin mill, watermill (risen in Altlandsberg). The watermill stood roughly in the area of ​​Berliner Chaussee 1. The mill was already called this during the rule of Alt-Landsberg (1680).
  • Bruchmühle ( watermill ) (district of the town of Altlandsberg). The Bruchmühle already existed in 1428.
  • Buchholz (part of the town of Altlandsberg). Village and Vorwerk came to the office with the rule of Alt-Landsberg. Around 1680 a farm with 13 hooves was built on the field of the village.
  • Eggersdorf (part of the community Petershagen / Eggersdorf). The village came under the rule of Altlandsberg in 1658 and 1660 and with it in 1708 to the Alt-Landsberg office. A colony of seven Palatinate families was created near the site in 1766 through the dissolution and settlement of the Vorwerk.
  • Freudenberg (part of the Beiersdorf-Freudenberg community). The place belonged to the lordship of Alt-Landsberg. In 1682 Otto von Schwerin (II.) Formed a farm out of ten farmer's hooves that were recognized as knight's hooves, which he had an administrator manage. At first he lived on a farm, later his own caretaker's house was built. During the term of office, the Vorwerk was dissolved and the manor was converted into a sub-forestry department.
  • Großbarnim (part of the Neutrebbin community ). Five sixths of the village of Großbarnim came to the office with the rule of Alt-Landsberg. A sixth belonged to von Barfuß auf Prädikow even before 1472 . In 1706 the king donated the Prädikow estate to his favorable Paul Anton von Kameke, to which one sixth of Großbarnim belonged. 1722 the office of the chief chamberlain Sophie von Kameke, b. von Brünnow also acquire this share in the village of Großbarnim. In 1744 the place was assigned to the office of Kienitz. In 1811 (or as early as 1803?) It was moved to the Wriezen district .
  • Hoenow . The village came to the office with the rule of Alt-Landsberg.
  • Hohenfließ, establishment . (up in the Eggersdorf district of the Petershagen / Eggersdorf community, Altlandsberger Chaussee 5 / Ferdinand-Damm-Strasse 35 to 30 area). In 1783/4 the (original) living space was laid out as a mulberry plantation on the official territory. In the Urmes table sheet 3448 Altlandsberg from 1839 he is recorded as Hohenfliess or hungry wolf. In 1864 the locality of the rural community of Eggersdorf was added. The settlement is marked as Neuer Krug on the measuring table from 1870/1.
  • Hohenstein (district of the city of Strausberg). The village belonged to the lordship of Alt-Landsberg and became an official village in 1708.
  • Kleinschönebeck , Klein-Schönebeck, Dorf , (residential area of ​​the community of Schöneiche near Berlin ). The village was part of the Alt-Landsberg rule and came to office with this in 1708.
  • Krummensee (part of the city of Werneuchen). Krummensee had belonged to the Alt-Landsberg estate since 1656 and came to the office with them. In 1756 it was ceded to the Löhme office .
  • New Mill ( New Mill, Mill ). Today a residential area of ​​the city of Strausberg. The mill was first mentioned in 1775.
  • Neuenhagen, Dorf and Amtsvorwerk ( Neuenhagen near Berlin ). The village came to the office with the rule of Alt-Landsberg. As early as 1674 there was a knight's seat in the village with an outbuilding. The Neuenhagen Vorwerk was put out to tender for 14 years in 1817.
  • Neu-Höhnow, Kolonie ( Neuhönow , part of the municipality of Altlandsberg). Was laid out on the official territory in 1780/1.
  • Petershagen , village . Petershagen had only fallen to the rule of Alt-Landsberg in 1674 and came to office with the acquisition in 1708. In 1765 the Vorwerk was dissolved and 14 colonist families settled.
  • Radebrücke, Kolonie ( Radebrück , part of the municipality of Altlandsberg). In 1784/5 a colony for 12 families in 6 semi-detached houses was laid out at the Radebrücke over the Teufelsfließ in official territory . Around 1830/5 a forester's house was established east of the Teufelsfließ (today's residential area, Forsthaus Radebrück) .
  • Ruhlsdorf (district of the city of Strausberg). Ruhlsdorf was part of the Alt-Landsberg rulership and was bought by the sovereign in 1708.
  • Schlagmühle near Straussberg (Schlagmühlenstraße 2, 2A). According to Bratring (1805) and also according to the local register of the Potsdam administrative district from 1817, the hammer mill on the bridge over the Rüdersdorfer Mühlenfließ (shortly after the outflow from the Herrensee), located south of Strausberg, belonged to the Alt-Landsberg domain office and the Strausberg treasury . However, there is no reference to ownership of the office at this mill from the historical local dictionary. The mill was, however, a customs post, hence the name (1335: mill at the turnpike ).
  • Seeberg . Seeberg had already come to the Alt-Landsberg rule in 1656 and with this fell to the office.
  • Seefeld . Seefeld fell to the office with the rule of Alt-Landsberg. In 1756 it was transferred to the Löhme office .
  • Spitzmühle ( water mill ). The Spitzmühle is or was on the western bank of the Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ in the section between the Fängersee and Bötzsee just before the confluence with the Bötzsee. The west of the little river Fredersdorfer mill located settlement is a residential place of Altlandsberg, the identical, east of the mill Fredersdorfer little river lying settlement Spitzmühle is a residential square in the city of Strausberg.
  • Tiefensee ( establishment and Vorwerk ) (district of the city of Werneuchen). The medieval village of Tiefensee fell into desolation in the first half of the 14th century (in 1375 it had not been built on for ages ). In 1668 Otto Freiherr von Schwerin acquired half of the deserted Tiefensee field for the rule of Alt-Landsberg. This half came to the Alt-Landsberg office in 1708. This half was not settled again until 1786/7. The other half was lent to von Lüderitz in 1687 and was connected to Gut Leuenberg. In 1716 the von Herold family followed, then von Meyerinck. In 1802 Baron Ernst Jacob von Eckardstein bought the Leuenberg estate and with it half of Tiefensee.
  • Vorwerk , Neue (s) Vorwerk, Vorwerk (today part of the municipality of Altlandsberg). The Vorwerk was created in 1801 on official territory.
  • Fulling mill, water and windmill (Altlandsberg, Krummenseestraße 6 on the L 30). Part of the freedom of office.
  • Wegendorf . (District of the city of Altlandsberg). Wegendorf was part of the Alt-Landsberg rule and thus came to the Alt-Landsberg office in 1708.
  • Wolfshagen , Vorwerk (residential area of ​​the town of Altlandsberg). In 1709 there was already a brick kiln here. Later, a Vorwerk was built here, which was initially called Vorwerk Ziegelofen (1729). In the Schmettauschen map from 1767/87 it is already marked as Vorwerk Wulfshagen . Bratring then called the Vorwerk Wolfshagen in 1801.

Through the city ​​ordinance of 1808 , the relationship between the office and the city of Altlandsberg was dissolved, so that supervision of the city was ended. The administration of justice, which had been entrusted to a judicial officer in addition to the domain clerk since 1772, was completely separated from the office and transferred to the newly established regional and municipal court in Altlandsberg, so that the office remained only as a police and pension authority. The annuity business also decreased, since from 1850, as a result of the new Prussian constitution of 1848/1850, the former service obligations of the peasants were converted into cash benefits and the other taxes were no longer paid to the official treasury but to the district treasury.

In 1833 the royal government announced that the Alt-Landsberg domain should be sold. However, this sale did not take place. On February 27, 1833 it was announced that the domain should be leased by way of submission .

In 1837 the Rüdersdorf Office was merged with the Alt-Landsberg Office, and in 1857 it was made independent again as the Rüdersdorf Domain Police Office .

Manor house from 1882, built for the then tenant Heinrich (Theodor) Schrader

Officials

The officials are listed below insofar as they are proven in official announcements or in the literature. As far as civil documents are available, the spelling has been corrected.

  • 1775 Johann Gottfried Ernst Kienitz, civil servant
  • 1798 Schröder, chief magistrate
  • 1799 Ms. Schröder, chief clerk, her assistant Mr. Schröder
  • 1800 Bath, bailiff
  • 1804 Baath, chief magistrate. Under his direction, the now destroyed office building was built in 1814. In 1882 the tenant Schrader built the manor house that still exists today.
  • 1818 Baath, civil servant. He gave up the office in 1821 and only kept the Buchholz farm as a lease. After his death, the Vorwerk took over his son-in-law, Oberamtmann Stolle, who left it to Oberamtmann Herschner in 1842.
  • 1821–1823 Lucke, senior bailiff.
  • 1823–1834 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Lüdke , lastly: Oberamtmann. Lüdke died in 1834. Starting in 1823, Lüdke took over the general lease from the Oberamtmann Lucke with regard to the “Royal Domain Vorwerk Alt-Landsberg” belonging to the Alt-Landsberg office with the neighboring Wolfshagen and Neu-Werk ancillary works and one Brewery and distillery and several family apartments ”. Lüdke had 2,615 m of fields, 45 m of gardens and pastures, 260 m of meadows and 56 m of wood, a total of 2977 m to use. This assignment was approved "higher place" with the stipulation that Lüdke was appointed as "rent and police officer and render of the court depositorii". After the domain administration had given up the intention of selling, Lüdke had signed a new lease agreement for the period from 1833 to 1863 in 1833. In the 1834 handbook, Lüdke is still mentioned as a tenant. The two royal domain tenants, the Oberamtmann Lüdke and the Oberamtmann Herrscher (Amtsvorwerk Buchholz) have, according to Gähde, “raised the domain properties to an excellent, previously unseen level of culture and profitability”.
  • 1835–1838 Lüdckesche Erben (sic) consisting of the wife Eleonore Juliane Lüdke born. Piefke (1788–1838) and their son Gustav Germanus Lüdke (1808–1894). On the basis of a ministerial rescript of October 10, 1835, the widow, with the assistance of her eldest son Gustav Germanus Lüdke, was given the lease property; but in 1836 a special contract was concluded with both of them for the specified time. In 1839 the tenants are also referred to as "Lüdeckesche Erben"
  • 1838–1863 Gustav Germanus Lüdke . In the notices he is also called Lüdecke, Lüdcke and Lüdcke. Most recently he was named "Amtsrat"
  • 1865 carter
  • 1868 Schrader
  • 1872 Schrader, domain tenant

Domain Altlandsberg

Even beyond the end of the Alt-Landsberg office, the castle estate remained a state domain. It had a size of 860 hectares, of which 789 hectares were arable, 60 hectares were meadows, 7 hectares and 4 hectares were water. Dairy farming and sheep farming are given as the focus of the business's economy. The tenant was the Amtsrat Heinrich Theodor Schrader, who was the last bailiff of the Alt-Landsberg office. In 1882 the manor house at Krummenseestraße 1 was built as a residence and office for him. A distillery is also given for 1910. He died on November 27, 1915 at the age of 77 in Altlandsberg. In 1921 Frau Amtsrat Antonie Schrader was the tenant of the domain. The livestock consisted of 59 horses, including 8 broodmares, 124 head of cattle, including 76 dairy cows and two stud bulls, four pigs and 500 sheep, including 300 ewes. In 1929 Ms. Schrader still managed the company with the support of a Dr. Schraders. The net income from property tax was estimated at 17,194 Reichsmarks. The farm size had decreased to a total of 645 ha.

After the Second World War, the Altlandsberg domain became the property of LPG (P) Ernst Thälmann Altlandsberg. After 1990 the buildings were empty. In 2006 the brewery and distillery was converted into a restaurant.

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. XII, 702 S., Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Corporation, Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (overview of the holdings of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, Part 1, Series of publications: Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 ; 4 (hereinafter abbreviated to Beck, authorities with corresponding page number).
  • Lieselott Enders (with the assistance of Margot Beck): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part VI, Barnim . 676 pp., Weimar 1980.
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map. Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin, Volume 7, 190 pp., Im Kommissionsverlag von Gsellius, Berlin, 1935.
  • Max Hein: Otto von Schwerin. The High President of the Great Elector. 405 p., Gräfe & Unzer, Königsberg in Prussia 1929 (hereinafter abbreviated to Hein, Otto von Schwerin, with the corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hein, Otto von Schwerin, p. 150.
  2. ↑ Schlossgut Altlandsberg: From history ...
  3. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 p., Berlin, Maurer, 1805 Online at Google Books (Niederbarnimscher Kreis: pp. 142–221, Oberbarnimscher Kreis: pp. 222–275)
  4. ↑ a b Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register. Berlin, Georg Decker Online at Google Books .
  5. ↑ Beck, authorities, p. 221.
  6. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government in Potsdam, year 1817, extra sheet for the 19th issue, from May 9th 1817, without pagination online at Google Books
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h Karl Gähde: History of the city of Landsberg. G. Schwetschke'scher Verlag, Halle 1857, p. 123, (Landesgeschichtliche Vereinigung für die Mark Brandenburg eV, library catalog Sign. 2913 -SM-) [1]
  8. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. 1833. Public Gazette as a supplement to the Official Gazette p. 1, digital [2]
  9. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. 1833. Public Gazette as a supplement to the Official Gazette, p. 41, digital [3]
  10. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1858. 908 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1858 (p. 384)
  11. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, except for the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (additional sheet stapled behind p. 72)
  12. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. 444 p., With an appendix, 94 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1798 Online at Google Books (p. 58)
  13. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1799. 454 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1799 Online at Google Books (p. 65)
  14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1800. 459 p., Plus an appendix with 106 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1800 (p. 65)
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1808. 528 p., With an appendix of 125 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1804 Online at Google Books (p. 66)
  16. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. 459 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1818 (p. 188)
  17. ^ New necrology of the Germans. Volume 12, Part 2, Weimar 1836, printed and published by Bernh. Fr. Voigt, 1836 Online at Google Books , p. 1264
  18. ^ Official Journal of the Government in Potsdam. 1823. p. 302, digital: [4]
  19. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1834. 621 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1834 (p. 246)
  20. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1836. 658 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1836 (p. 253)
  21. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1839. 651 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1839 (p. 262)
  22. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1841. 695 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1841 (p. 283)
  23. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1857. 927 pp. Berlin, Georg Decker, 1857 Online at Google Books (p. 378)
  24. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for 1862 and 1863. 963 pp., Berlin, Verlag der Königlichen Oberhofbuchdruckerei (R. Decker), 1863 (p. 398)
  25. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1865. 840 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1865 (p. 398)
  26. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1868. 963 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1868 (p. 406)
  27. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1872. 1108 S., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1872 (p. 364)
  28. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, 340 pp., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1885 (pp. 164/65)
  29. ↑ Altlandsberg Manor
  30. ↑ Reinhold Reichert, Royal Authorities and Chamber of Agriculture for the Province of Brandenburg (Ed.): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. Brandenburg Province. 5th completely revised edition. I-LXXXVI (1-86), 376 p., + 24 p. (Location register), Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin, 1910 (p. 212/13)
  31. ↑ Angewandte Chemie, Volume 3; Volume 29, Verlag Chemie., 1916 snippets from Google Books (p. 668)
  32. ↑ a b R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the respective part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, 296 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1921 (pp. 158/59).
  33. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, 464 pp., Leipzig, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII) (p. 30).
  34. ^ Klaus Taubert: Altlandsbergs Crown Jewels. March 10, 2014

Remarks

  1. ↑ It is a historical administrative unit. For this reason, the old spelling of the office, which is used in literature, is retained, although the name of the town Altlandsberg is now written without a hyphen. It should not be confused with the Altlandsberg Office , which was formed in 1993 and dissolved again in 2002
  2. ↑ King Friedrich Wilhelm I introduced the general leasing of the state domains around 1730. The whole office, not just individual pieces of land, was given to a bourgeois general tenant, the bailiff, with all pertinences (secondary goods and accessories), police and jurisdiction rights, farms and farming villages, with all taxes and services, with mills, breweries, distilleries, brickworks and other issues against payment of a lease sum. As a rule, the general tenants only managed the best two or three of the farms belonging to the office. The other areas were sublet. The term "tenant" relates to the private law status, while the term "bailiff" or "civil servant" refers to the state function (exercise of jurisdiction - until 1770 - police power, control of the official villages, collection of rural taxes and duties, etc.). see: Müller, Hans-Heinrich, Domains and Domain Tenants in Brandenburg-Prussia in the 18th Century, Yearbook for Economic History, 1965, p. 152, partly digital: [5]

Coordinates: 52 ° 34 '  N , 13 ° 44'  E