Mühlenhof office

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The Mühlenhof was on Mühlendamm / Molkenmarkt . It was erected around 1510 as a permanent building and subsequently rebuilt and expanded several times. The building complex was demolished from 1888 to 1892.

The Mühlenhof office was an electoral Brandenburg , later a royal Prussian domain and justice office. Its origins go back to the year 1448, when the patricians had to cede several mills and lands to Elector Friedrich II . As a result of secularization and further acquisitions, an extensive office was created that initially served primarily to supply the court and administered numerous villages that are now incorporated into Berlin.

history

The Berlin indignation , a revolt of citizens of the twin cities of Berlin - Cölln against the construction of the Berlin City Palace , 1448 ended with the compromise that the patrician mills and lands to Frederick II. Return had, the former rulers had granted generous. The elector also needed this, as he settled down with the construction of the palace in Berlin after the Hohenzollern took over the Mark Brandenburg in 1415 . A mill master was appointed to manage the property, who not only monitored the mills located directly on the neighboring Mühlendamm in the Spree , but also the compulsory grinding . His and the main task of the later bailiff, however, was to procure the natural produce necessary for keeping the court.

Only with the purchase of the villages of Schöneberg and Wilmersdorf after 1506 did the Mühlenhof office develop. In the middle of the 16th to the first half of the 17th century Amt Mühlenhof was combined with Amt Mühlenbeck . The area continued to grow through secularization and the purchase of further lands and objects in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The Mühlenhof office was combined with the Mühlenbeck office until the middle of the 18th century. In addition to the governor, the office (1746) employed a senior bailiff, a head collector, a head mill inspector, a grain and fodder clerk, a mill and weigher controller, several mill weighers and a malt weigher.

In 1811 the Mühlenhof office was merged with the Köpenick and Niederschönhausen offices and the part of the Spandau office east of the Spree. The offices were initially separated, but led by the same bailiff. Office Mühlenhof continued. From 1816 to 1822 the office was subordinate to the government in Berlin and, after its dissolution, to the government in Potsdam . It became a pure rent office.

In 1853 the Mühlenhof rent office was dissolved and merged with those of Teltow and Niederbarnim. In 1874, in the course of the district reform , the police office was also dissolved and only a few tasks were performed that had not been transferred to the district administration. In 1903 the offices of Berlin and Mühlenhof were reunited to form the Royal Domain Rent Office Berlin-Mühlenhof . This existed until 1945.

Associated places

In 1800 the Mühlenhof office included:

  • Ahrensfelde - The area of ​​today's district of Ahrensfelde was acquired by the Strohband family from Berlin between 1486 and 1499.
  • Schöneberg was acquired in several purchases between 1489 and 1506.
  • Wilmersdorf - Dorf and Vorwerk were acquired in 1506 and 1646/1652.
  • Zehlendorf originally belonged to the Lehnin monastery and since 1542 to the Mühlenhof office.
  • Wedding - The Erbzinsgut Wedding was acquired in 1603.
  • Teltow - After being taken over by the Bishop of Brandenburg, Teltow first belonged to the Ziesar office and was moved to the Mühlenhof office in the second half of the 17th century.
  • Moabit - The hereditary interest estates were built after 1706 to create mulberry plantations for silkworm breeding.
  • Böhmisch-Rixdorf - The colony was established in 1737 by Bohemian emigrants.
  • Lankwitz - The village originally belonged to the Benedictine convent of St. Marien zu Spandau, since 1553 to the Spandau office and was moved to the Mühlenhof office in 1747.
  • Lindenberg - The village originally belonged to the Zehdenick monastery, since 1541 to the Zehdenick office, 1685 to the Biesenthal office and was moved to the Mühlenhof office in 1748.
  • Gesundbrunnen - Vorwerk and Kolonie were built in 1759 at Vorwerk Wedding.

In addition, there were other possessions that were administered by the office:

In 1811 the areas administered by the offices of Köpenick and Niederschönhausen came to the Mühlenhof office:

Other places were added later:

  • French Buchholz came in 1829 from the dissolved office of Mühlenbeck.
  • Schönow (partially) and Schwanebeck in 1839 from the dissolved Biesenthal office.
  • Steglitz was sold to the state in 1841 and administered by the Mühlenhof office.
  • Lübars came from the Spandau office in 1855.
  • Schönow bei Teltow came from the Potsdam office in 1861.

Governors and officials

The diplomat and poet Friedrich Rudolph Ludwig von Canitz was commissioned in 1683 to redesign the Mühlendamm.

The first servants were called mill masters, as they were mainly responsible for the mills and the supervision of the grinding obligation.

From about the middle of the 16th century to the end of the 18th century there was the official governor , who was also known colloquially as the mill captain . In addition to this function, they often held numerous other offices at court. Important governors were:

Officials:

  • 1775 Friedrich Wilhelm Bätcke, war councilor and general tenant
  • 1798 Sturm, council of war
  • 1818 Sturm, War and Domain Council
  • 1821–1824 Brandhorst, war councilor and rent clerk
  • 1832-1846 Eyber
  • 1848 piper
  • 1851 Böhmer, Mayor of Berlin (ad int.)
  • 1852 Feilke (ad int.) (Rent Office)
  • 1854 Feilke (ad int.) (Domain Police Office)
  • 1868 Pietzsch (Domain Police Office)

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : The vocabulary of the Sassen . Second volume: I – N. Eisenschmidt, Berlin 1883, terms Mölenammet and Mölenhof, p. 640-643 .
  • Heinrich Herzberg (author), Hans Joachim Rieseberg (collaboration): Mühlen and Müller in Berlin . Partial edition, Werner-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1987, ISBN 3-8041-1977-8 , chapter 4. Chronicles of the Berlin / Cölln watermill locations . Mühlendamm-Mühlen, pp. 50-82.
  • Friedrich Holtze : The office Mühlenhof Berlin . In: Writings of the Association for the History of Berlin . Issue 30 . Verlag des Verein für die Geschichte Berlins, Berlin 1893, pp. 19–39 ( digitized in the Central and State Library Berlin ; [PDF; 750.9 kB; accessed on October 10, 2018]).
  • Theodor Odebrecht: The governors of the Mühlenhof office in Berlin . In: Contributions to the history of Berlin. Volume 3 . Gropius, Berlin 1840, pp. 88-89 ( digitized version ).
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800 (= individual publications of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin . Volume 7). Gsellius, Berlin 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christian Friedrich Hempel: Hero, State and Life History of the Most Serene and Greatest Prince and Lord Friedrich the Other, now the most glorious ruling King in Prussia, Prince of Chur of Brandenburg, and sovereign Duke in Silesia: From outright documents with an impartial pen up to Easter 1746 described pragmatically and cumbersome, also explained every now and then with useful comments, not less provided with necessary genealogical tables, and adorned with clean copper, which all 5th main battles in the previous Silesian and Bohemian wars, as well as the various camps of mutual armies there, as correctly as possible. 1156 S., Tübingen, bey Johann Ulrich Cotta, 1760 Online at Google Books  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (P. 308/9)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.books.google.de  
  2. ↑ a b Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. 459 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1818 (p. 188)
  3. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Elector Joachim II, Margrave of Brandenburg, enfeoffs Albrecht Rademann and Hans von Thermo, bailiff for Mühlenhof, and the von Bardeleben brothers with goods and income in Selchow. 1536 July 14.
  4. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Lands and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (additional sheet stapled behind p. 72)
  5. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. 444 p., With an appendix, 94 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1798 Online at Google Books (p. 58)
  6. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1821. 518 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1821 (p. 214)
  7. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1824. 498 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1824 Online at Google Books (p. 182)
  8. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1832. 538 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1832 (p. 242)
  9. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1846. 812 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1846 (p. 305)
  10. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1848. 869 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1848 (p. 315)
  11. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1851. 840 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1851 (p. 322)
  12. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1852. 868 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1852 (p. 331)
  13. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1854. 831 S., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1854, (p. 318)
  14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1868. 963 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1868 (p. 406)

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