Office of Biesenthal

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Biesenthal on the Urmes table sheet 3247 Biesenthal from 1840 (detail). The official building, the Vorwerk and the two colonies were still to the east of the city around 1840

The Biesenthal office was an electoral-Brandenburg , later a royal-Prussian domain office with its seat in the city of Biesenthal ( Barnim district , Brandenburg ). The official area also extended to the neighboring district of Märkisch-Oderland. The Biesenthal office was dissolved in 1839 and its pensions were transferred to the Neustadt-Eberswalde Rent Office .

history

Biesenthal Castle, first mentioned in documents in 1276, was the seat of a sovereign bailiff in the 13th century. A Kietz (fishing village) and a small market town with an irregular floor plan were attached to the castle. However, the extent of the original bailiwick district is unknown. In 1315 Biesenthal is called "civitas" (city). Biesenthal Castle and its accessories were pledged in 1337. In 1375 the castle was owned by Henning v. Stegelitz. The margrave still had the court, the patronage, the services, the bede and other exaltations as well as the heath. In 1397 the castle and its accessories were owned by Poppe v. Passed over to Holzendorf. From 1413 to 1426 Hans v. Uchtenhagen owned by Burg Biesenthal and accessories. In the fiefdom letter of 1413, the accessories to the castle are named: Biesenthal with the small heath, Danewitz, Rüdnitz , Schöpfurth with all rights, uses, interest, care, trees, water, fields and mills as well as the Bede and the services in Basdorf and Wandlitz. Half of this property was pledged to Hans v. Uchtenhagen to an Otto von Lossow. Mathias v. Uchtenhagen in 1427 to the brothers Claus and Wilke v. Arnim and her cousin Otto v. Arnim for 700 shock groschen. The elector also gave them an interest of three wispels of rye from the "Lange Rönne" mill (today Langerönner Mühle, municipality of Rüdnitz) because of damage they had suffered in the service of the sovereign. By 1441 they had also acquired the other part of the small estate. In the meantime an iron hammer had been set up in the Biesenthalschen Heide. They combined their possessions on the Barnim into one office, which was administered by a Vogt. In addition to Biesenthal, this office included the villages of Steinfurth, Heckelberg, Beyersdorf, Schwanebeck , Freudenberg, Schönow , half of Schönefeld, Gratzow, Wensickendorf, the desert Feldmark Woltersdorf, Grünthal, Wilmersdorf, Lohme, Tempelfelde, Weesow and Börnicke. In 1476 they sold the Bede and the services in the villages of Basdorf and Wandlitz to the Lehnin monastery . Before 1486 they acquired half of the desert field marks Melchow and Woltersdorf. Around 1520, they also acquired the second half of the desert Feldmark Woltersdorf. In 1522 Valentin, Achim and Hans v. Arnim on Gerswalde on one side and Valentin and Arnim the elder on Biesenthal sat the property on the Barnim. In 1577, the Brandenburg Elector Johann Georg acquired this share in Biesenthal, with the exception of the villages of Grünthal, Wilmersdorf, Löhme, Tempelfelde, Weeseow, Börnicke and Gratzow from the then owners, Matthäus v. Arnim auf Biesenthal, Otto v. Arnim zu Schönermark and Gerswalde, Franz v. Arnim zu Biesenthal and the brothers Kurt and Berend v. Arnim zu Boitzenburg, partly through purchase and partly through exchange. The elector converted the property into a sovereign office. In addition to the castle and town of Biesenthal, the new office included the following villages: Biesenthal, the villages of Steinfurth, Heckelberg, Beyersdorf, Schwanebeck, Freudenberg, Schönow, half of Schönefeld, Wensickendorf, the desert Feldmark Woltersdorf and half of the desert Feldmark Melchow. In 1580 the other half of the desert Feldmark Melchow as well as Tuchen and Sydow could be acquired. In 1588 the village of Sydow was lost again. Around 1700 and in the further course of the 18th century, new settlements and factories were set up on the official territory. In 1685 Lindenberg was moved from the Zehdenick office to the Biesenthal office. It was handed over to the Mühlenhof office in 1748 . In 1606 Freudenberg was exchanged for Hegermühle. Klobbicke was acquired for office in 1676. In contrast, Wensickendorf was separated from the Biesenthal office in 1651 and transferred to the Bötzow office at that time (later the Oranienburg office ). The Biesenthal office was dissolved in 1839 and the tasks were transferred to the Neustadt-Eberswalde Rent Office.

In 1817, according to the local register of the administrative district of Potsdam, the Biesenthal office included the following places and individual houses (with individual additions from the historical local dictionary for Brandenburg):

  • Beiersdorf , now part of the Beiersdorf-Freudenberg community . The village was in 1482 the v. Holzendorf was bought and added to the rule of Biesenthal.
  • Biesenthal ( official seat and colony ). Municipality in the Biesenthal-Barnim district . In 1776 a colony (Schützenstrasse 22-36) was established near the Vorwerk . A second colony was created along Lindenstrasse.
  • Bornemannspfuhl ( forester's house belonging to Klobbicke ). Doesn't exist anymore. Located southeast of Spechthausen in the southeast corner of the district on the small lake of the same name.
  • Buckow tar furnace, no longer exists, probably demolished before 1846. In 1744 this tar furnace was first mentioned on the official territory. Later a forester's house was built here. Today living space Eiserbude , city of Biesenthal.
  • Danewitz (today part of the municipality of Biesenthal). It was part of the Biesenthal Castle accessories as early as 1375.
  • Freudenberg . The village was acquired with the Biesenthal estate, but was given to the v. Lindstädt delivered. In 1671 it was acquired by Otto von Schwerin during his reign of Alt-Landsberg . In 1708, King Friedrich I bought the rulership of Alt-Landsberg and converted it into a sovereign office ( Amt Alt-Landsberg ).
  • Gräfenbrück, forestry house and water mill , today abode Forsthaus Gräfenbrück , district Marienwerder the community Kwidzyn . The nearby lock with the lock keeper's house belonged to the Liebenwalde office .
  • Heckelberg (now part of the Heckelberg-Brunow community ). The village was already owned by the v. Arnims had been acquired for their rule Biesenthal. In 1554 they also took on the patronage of the church (previously Servitenkloster Altlandsberg ). In 1656 the place came into the possession of the v. Sparr on Trampe, 1716 back to the Biesenthal office.
  • Heegermühle ( Hegermühle ), was renamed Finow in 1928, today the Finow district of the city of Eberswalde . Heegermühle was founded in 1606 in exchange for Freudenberg by Christoph v. Lindstedt acquired.
  • Hönow (part of the municipality of Hoppegarten ). Since 1268/79 the monastery Zinna received taxes from Hönow. In 1375 it owned two thirds of the rent and interest, one third was owned by the citizen Krähenfuß in Berlin. Its share had also come to the monastery until 1553. With the secularization of Kloster Zinna in 1553, Hönow came to the office of Rüdersdorf . Exceptions were carriage services and Bede , which the v. Arnim auf Biesenthal had acquired before 1412 and maintained it until 1577. This part came with the Gut Biesenthal to the Brandenburg Elector Johann Georg. In 1656 Otto von Schwerin acquired this part of Hönow for his rule in Alt-Landsberg.
  • Kietz bei Biesenthal, Fischerdorf , dissolved in Biesenthal, Fischerstraße and the section Breite Straße 40 to 49.
  • Kietzmühle, at the western end of the Kietz in Biesenthal, no longer exists (e.g. Breite Straße 26a)
  • Klobbicke , now a place to live in the Tuchen-Klobige district of the Breydin community . In 1676 the Great Elector bought Klobbicke from the widow of Friedrich v. Exit Blumenthal.
  • Langerönne, watermill , now the Langerönner Mühle residential area in the municipality of Rüdnitz, was part of the Biesenthal Castle accessories as early as 1375
  • Melchow ( village and Vorwerk ). The place fell after 1375 (and desolate before 1441). In 1441 the v. Arnim one half of the desert field marrow. It came to the Biesenthal Office with the rest of Arnim's property. Already at the time of the office in 1580 the other half of the v. Holzendorf bought.
  • Mittelmühle ( watermill, part of Klobbicke ), today living space in the Tuchen-Klobbicke district of the Breydin community. Presumably came to the office in 1676 together with Klobbicke.
  • New mill ( watermill, part of Klobbicke ), today living space in the Tuchen-Klobbicke district of the Breydin community. Rebuilt on the official territory before 1707.
  • New mill ( watermill ), no longer exists, located between the office and the colony on the Sydowfließ, jointly belonged to the city and the office, built in 1779.
  • Rüdnitz , a municipality in the Biesenthal-Barnim district, was part of the Biesenthal Castle accessories as early as 1413
  • Schönfeld , today part of the city of Werneuchen . The Biesenthal office only had partial ownership here. Even before 1441, the Briesenthal rulership included the lifting of five Hüfners. In 1577 the elevations of three Hüfner from the Chorin office were transferred to the Biesenthal office. In 1831 the uplift in Schönfeld was left to the owner of the village of Sydow.
  • Schönholz , now part of the Melchow community. The village fell desolate between 1375 and 1441. The desert Feldmark was acquired for office in 1580. The new village of Schönholz was built in 1695/6 on the field mark of the old village.
  • Schönow , today a district of the city of Bernau near Berlin. Half of the village came under the rule of Biesenthal before 1441, the other half belonged to the city of Bernau.
  • Schöpfurth , merged with Steinfurth in 1929 to form the community of Finowfurt . Came to the Biesenthal rule before 1413.
  • Schwärze, tar oven belonging to Hegermühle , today part of Spechthausen living space (Forsthaus Biesenthaler Straße 80 to 82)
  • Schwanebeck , a district of the municipality of Panketal . Most of the village came under the rule of Biesenthal before 1450.
  • Spechthausen , today part of Eberswalde. In 1708 a cutting mill was built on the official site by hammer master Johann Georg Specht and completed in 1709. In 1709 he received permission to build a grinding mill. In 1712 he also set up an iron hammer, but its operation was discontinued in 1721. In 1781 a paper mill was built.
  • Steinfurth , merged with Schöpfurth in 1929 to form the community of Finowfurt, part of the city of Eberswalde. The village had been bought by the Biesenthal lordship before 1441.
  • Tuchen , now a place to live in the Tuchen-Klobbicke district of the Breydin community.
  • Wehrmühle watermill belonging to the Kietz in Biesenthal , today residential area Wehrmühle in the municipality of Biesenthal.
  • Werneuchen . Until 1416, the Werneuchen area was largely owned by the v. Krummensee came to Krummensee and Altlandsberg. Otto von Schwerin only acquired this part in 1666 for the lordship of Alt-Landsberg. Another part had v. Arnim on Biesenthal was already active before 1441. This part fell with the Gut Biesenthal in 1577 to the office of Biesenthal. In 1684 Otto von Schwerin (II.) , The son of State Minister Otto von Schwerin (I), acquired this share for the rule of Alt-Landsberg. Another share had been owned by the parish church in Eberswalde from 1300 and remained so until 1737.
  • ' Wildtränke ( tar stove, belonging to Melchow ), today a place to live in the municipality of Melchow. Created before 1720 ("Teerschweler Christian Albrecht vom Wildtränkischen Teerofen has lived there for 24 years"). In 1846 the tar furnace went down, then forester's house.
  • Wolfswinkel ( paper mill ), today a residential area of ​​the city of Eberswalde. In 1729 a paper mill was set up on the official site.

The Biesenthal office was dissolved in 1839, and the pensions to be collected were then collected by the Neustadt-Eberswalde Rent Office. The localities Schönow and Schwanebeck came to the Mühlenhof office.

Official building

The castle on the Schlossberg, seat of the bailiff and later the first bailiffs, was destroyed in the Thirty Years War. After the Thirty Years' War, a new official building was built in the city, but it fell victim to the great city fire in 1756. Then something outside the city on the Sydower Fließ, about Plottkealle 3 to 5.

Officials

So far there is no complete list of officials who have administered this office. The incomplete list reflects what has been published so far.

  • 1584 Dietrich v. Holzendorf
  • 1598 Henning v. Arnim
  • 1701–05 Heynemann, bailiff
  • 1705 Neuendorf, bailiff
  • 1713 Neuendorf
  • 1731 Ernst Ludwig v. Strantz
  • 1748 Splitgerber and Daum
  • 1760 David Splitgerber
  • 1775 Mr. Henschke, administrator
  • 1780–1788 Hans Ehrenreich v. Bornstedt
  • 1798 Zillmer, senior bailiff
  • 1800 Zillmer, senior bailiff
  • 1803 fisherman, chief magistrate
  • 1818 fisherman, civil servant
  • 1821 founder, civil servant
  • 1824 founder, civil servant
  • 1832 Gründler, senior magistrate

supporting documents

literature

  • Friedrich Beck, Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. XII, 702 p., Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Corporation, Weimar: Böhlau, 1964 (overview of the holdings of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, part 1, publication series: Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 ; 4
  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume: containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 S., Maurer, Berlin 1805 Online at Google Books .
  • Lieselott Enders (with the assistance of Margot Beck): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part VI, Barnim . 676 pp., Weimar 1980.
  • Ernst Fidicin: The territories of the Mark Brandenburg or history of the individual counties, cities, manors and. History of the district of Ober-Barnim and the towns, manors, villages, etc. located in it. XVI, 101 p., Berlin, 1858.
  • Friedrich Ludwig Joseph Fischbach : Statistical-topographical city description of the Mark Brandenburg. The first part, first volume, containing the Ober-Barnim circle. XVI, 606 S., Berlin & Potsdam, Horvath, 1786 (hereinafter Fischbach, description with corresponding page number)
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map. Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin, Volume 7, 190 pp., Im Kommissionsverlag von Gsellius, Berlin, 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register. Berlin, Georg Decker Online at Google Books .
  2. ^ A b Fischbach, description, p. 209 online at Google Books
  3. ^ Fischbach, description, p. 211 Online at Google Books
  4. ^ Hans-Heinrich Müller: Domains and domain tenants in Brandenburg-Prussia in the 18th century. Yearbook for Economic History, 6 (4): 152–192, Berlin 1965 (p. 163)
  5. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Lands and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (additional sheet stapled behind p. 72)
  6. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. 444 p., With an appendix, 94 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1798 Online at Google Books (p. 56)
  7. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1801. 495 p., Plus an appendix with 108 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1801 (p. 66)
  8. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1803. 510 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1803 (p. 66)
  9. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. 459 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1818 (p. 188)
  10. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1821. 518 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1821 (p. 214)
  11. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1824. 498 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1824 (p. 182)
  12. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1832. 538 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1832 (p. 242)

Coordinates: 52 ° 46 '  N , 13 ° 38'  E