Liebenwalde office

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Former office building in Liebenwalde (Office 2)

The Liebenwalde office was an electoral-Brandenburg , later a royal-Prussian domain office with its seat in the city of Liebenwalde ( Oberhavel district , Brandenburg ). The office was formed in 1485 from parts of the former Liebenwalde bailiwick. In 1749 part of the administrative area was split off as the Grimnitz office . In 1819 a few villages were added from the dissolved Friedrichsthal office , and in 1829 a few villages from the dissolved Mühlenbeck office . The Liebenwalde office was dissolved in 1872.

Geographical location

The official area is now divided between the cities of Liebenwalde and Oranienburg in the Oberhavel district and the communities of Schorfheide , Wandlitz and Marienwerder in the Barnim district . The parts of the administrative area that were separated off in 1749/56 belong to Joachimsthal today .

History and related places

A castle of the Ascanian Margraves of Brandenburg was built around 1200 on a Slavic rampart and a Slavic settlement. To the east of it and separated by a river, a little later a castle spot in the form of an irregular rectangle emerged. The road network consisted of an east-west running main street with a market and church square that was widened like a hill. The castle was administered by a bailiff appointed by the margraves, who exercised jurisdiction and also had some income. The Bailiwick must originally have been very large, because it included, in addition to a few villages in the vicinity, the large and small Werbellinische Heide, the extent of which, however, can only be roughly explored. The later official area made up only a small part of the original bailiwick. The bailiwick was often pledged. In 1642 the bailiwick was converted into a sovereign office.

The Liebenwalde office comprised the following settlements according to the list of localities from 1817:

  • Bischofswerder ( royal state stud ) (today a residential area of ​​the city of Liebenwalde). In 1789 a stud was established on the official territory.
  • Böhmerheide ( establishment ) (today part of the municipality of Schorfheide). The two medieval villages Alt Gröben and Neu Gröben fell desolate early on. In the 15th century, the Böhme family owned the field mark of these desert villages as an afterfief of the owners of Liebenwalde Castle. In 1697 the Böhme brothers received their ownership of this field mark and their share in the Böhmer Heide with Papensee (now dry), Weisser See and Treptowsee confirmed by the Elector. In 1712 Adam Baum asked for permission to build a house to keep horned cattle and sheep in the area. But it was not until 1727 that a day laborer's house was on the district. A Vorwerk had been built by 1773.
  • Buckow, granny-house (no longer exists, probably also erroneously listed in the town register, belonged to the Biesenthal office in 1801 and later )
  • Klein Dölln ( Dölln, Forsthaus ) (today living space in the Groß Schönebeck district of the Schorfheide community). In 1778 a sub-forestry was established here.
  • Drögnitz ( Drögenitz, colony ) (no longer exists; today it has risen in Liebenwalde). In 1777 4 colonists were assigned to Drögnitz. In 1801 there was a dairy farm here. In 1847 the Vorwerk burned down and the remains were torn down.
  • Dusterlake ( Düsterlake lock keeper's house ) (no longer exists; today in Liebenwalde). In 1748 a lock keeper's house was built here. This was mentioned until 1860, after which it expired?
  • Hammer ( village and Amtsvorwerk ) (today part of the city of Liebenwalde). The medieval village of Schöpfurt was in the 14./15. Century. In 1440 Hans v. Waldow, lien holder of the Liebenwalde Castle, the field mark of the desert village and received the permit to use the iron ore deposits ("iron earth") in Liebenwalde. He built an iron hammer on it. In the course of the 17th century, the village's original name was forgotten and the name Hammer caught on.
  • Höpen ( house ) (today living space in the Hammer district of the city of Liebenwalde). In 1756 there was already a logger's house at this point. In 1797 it was a forestry.
  • Dutch paper mill (today the Eichhorst district, district of Schorfheide). In 1710 this paper mill was set up by a Dutch entrepreneur. In 1768 a colony of 16 day laborers was set up at the Dutch paper mill. The Rosenbeck colony was established southwest of it. The settlement was later called the Werbellin Canal Colony. In 1878 the community was renamed Eichhorst.
  • Karpfenteich ( pond keeper's house Karpfenteich ) (no longer exists; east of Trämmersee and north-east of Schluft, Gem. Schorfheide). In 1755 a carp pond was created here. A house for the heather and pond keeper had been built here by 1798 at the latest. The house was mentioned for the last time in 1860.
  • Klandorf (today part of the community Schorfheide). In 1811 the village was laid out by 16 cottages who had lost their property in the village fire in Groß Schönebeck.
  • Klosterfelde (now part of Wandlitz). In 1448 the elector had some electoral rights (duties and services) to the family v. Arnim pledged. These rights came to the Liebenwalde office before 1480. In addition, the Lehnin monastery had the upper and lower court over the village. This share came to the Mühlenbeck office in 1542 after the abolition of the monastery . After the dissolution of this office in 1829, this part also came to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Kreuzbruch ( Kreutzbruch ) (today a district of Liebenwalde). In 1717 the plan was made to cultivate land in the Kreuzbruch area. In 1718 12 Swiss colonist families were added.
  • Leesenbrücker Schleuse ( Schleusenbrück lock keeper's house ) (today risen in Marienwerder). In the course of the construction of the Finow Canal , the Leesenbrück lock and a lock keeper's house were probably built around 1750.
  • Liebenthal ( village and Amtsvorwerk ) (today part of the city of Liebenwalde). The medieval village fell desolate early. In 1492 a dairy and sheep farm was set up on the desert Feldmark Liebenthal. A number of kossas also settled there later. During the Thirty Years' War, the small town was completely destroyed ("they are all ... in ashes"). It was not until 1723/30 that there were 9 cottagers and 7 Büdners in Liebenthal again.
  • Liebenwalde . The Amtvorwerk.
  • Lotsche forestry (1817: Teerofen Lotsche ) (today a residential area in the Kreuzbruch district of Liebenwalde). In 1723 a tar stove was first mentioned on the Lotsche. In 1817 it still existed, in 1840 only a forester's house is mentioned.
  • Altlotzin ( Teerofen Lotzien ) (today living space in the district of Groß Schönebeck in the community of Schorfheide). In 1739 there was a tar furnace here, which was last mentioned in 1840. In 1860 there was a forester's house at this point.
  • Marienwerder (1817: village and Vorwerk ). In 1754 the village was founded as a spinner village. In 1770 the place had 25 colonist houses for 50 families.
  • Lock keeper's house in Oberschleuse (1817) (now opened in Liebenwalde). In 1801 the lock house stood.
  • Pechteich (today residential area of ​​the Marienwerder community). In 1710 a cutting mill was built here in the "Dutch way". In 1717 a Heidereiter (chief forester) was appointed here. The cutting mill probably died as early as 1730; in 1745 there is only talk of a forester's house.
  • Forester's house Prötze (1817: forester's house ) (today a residential area in the Groß Schönebeck district of the Schorfheide community). In 1754 the so-called prötze was measured with the aim of placing 12 spinner families here. The construction of a dairy and a windmill was also planned. Both projects did not come to fruition. Apparently only a forester's house was built around 1800.
  • Rehhorst ( forester's house ) (today a place to live in the Kreuzbruch district of Liebenwalde). In 1805 a forester's house was built here.
  • Rehluch (1817: tar stove ) (today a residential area in the Groß Schönebeck district of the Schorfheide community). In 1742 the tar burner Andreas Richter vom Rehluch is mentioned for the first time. The tar furnace still existed in 1817; In 1840, however, only one forester's house is mentioned.
  • Rosenbeck colony (today the Eichhorst district, district of Schorfheide). In 1768 a colony was established at the Dutch paper mill. The Rosenbeck colony was established southwest of it. The settlement colony was later called the Werbellin Canal. In 1878 the community was renamed Eichhorst.
  • Ruhlsdorf (1817: Dorf ) (today part of the Marienwerder community) The village was still owned by the v. Family in 1480. Holzendorf. Since 1493 she only owned half the village, the other half was owned by the v. Arnim . 1536 belonged to the v. Arnim already the whole village. Even before 1574, the village came to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Ruhlsdorf lock (1817: lock keeper's house Ruhlsdorfsche lock ) (today a living space in the Marienwerder community). From 1730 there is a report that the lock at the Ruhlsdorfer Kuhbrücke is totally ruined and needs to be repaired. A lock keeper's house was mentioned for the first time in 1801, but it must have existed a long time before.
  • Schluft (1817: colony ) (today part of the community of Schorfheide). In 1752 the Landjäger Uhl laid out a mulberry plantation on the field of the desert village of Trämmer and near his Uhlenhof farm. In 1775 Schluft is called the Vorwerk. Presumably a colony was established at the Vorwerk before or just a little later. In 1797 85 people lived in Schluft.
  • Groß Schönebeck (1817: village ) (part of the community of Schorfheide)
  • Stolzenhagen (today a district of Wandlitz). The place belonged to the Lehnin monastery until 1542 and then came to the Mühlenbeck office . As early as 1505, certain services had to be performed for the Liebenwalde office. After the Mühlenbeck office was dissolved in 1829, the place was assigned to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Stüpnitz (1817: Stüpenitz colony ) (today in Bernöwe , a residential area of ​​the city of Oranienburg). Presumably a medieval village existed here that fell into desolation early on. In 1752 the plantation master Lucke laid out a mulberry plantation. In 1754 the plan was made to place 12 foreign families here. The plan did not come to fruition, but two houses were built here for a Büdner and two residents.
  • Thüren (no longer exists; formerly the field name Thüren in the Liebenwalde district). In 1801 a forester's house stood here. It is no longer mentioned after 1846.
  • Trämmersee (1817: Forsthaus Tremmer ) (today the Trämmersee residential area in the Schluft district, Schorfheide municipality). The medieval village fell desolate early. In 1451 the Schulze Hans Licht von Groß Schönebeck bought half of the deserted Feldmark Trämmer from Hartwig Schulze and was formally enfeoffed by the Elector. What happened to the other half is not known. In 1715 the Landjäger Uhl set up a farm in the southwestern part of the Feldmark, which was called Uhlenhof. To the east of it, the Schluft colony was created around 1775. Before 1816, a forester's house was built north of Uhlenhof and Schluft at Trämmersee , which is now the Trämmersee residential area.
  • Uhlenhof (1817: colony and leasehold farm ) (today part of the municipality of Schluft, municipality of Schorfheide). In 1715 the Landjäger Uhl built a farm on the desert field of Trämmer, which got his name.
  • Lock keeper's house in the Unterschleuse (today opened in Liebenwalde). In 1801 the lock house stood.
  • Werbellin Colony (1817) (today | Eichhorst, part of the community of Schorfheide). In 1768 a colony of 16 day laborer's houses was laid out at the Dutch paper mill . The paper mill and colony were called the Werbellin Canal Colony . In 1878 the community was renamed Eichhorst.
  • Zerpenschleuse (1817: village and leasehold farm ) (today part of the municipality of Wandlitz ). In 1605/20 a lock and a lock keeper's house were built here when the old Finow Canal was being built. In 1660 a potash boiler was established. A glassworks was built in 1680, and a cutting mill is also mentioned in 1699. In 1725 a Vorwerk of the Liebenwalde office was laid out here. The village of Wandlitz came in 1829 from the dissolved Mühlenbeck office to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Berg-Zerpenschleuse Colony (1817) (today dissolved in Zerpenschleuse). From 1763 to 1768 a new colony was established near Zerpenschleuse, named after its founder v. Mountain was called. The municipality was combined with Zerpenschleuse in 1920.
  • Kienitz-Zerpenschleuse colony (1817) (today dissolved in Zerpenschleuse). In 1763/68 a settlement of 22 day labor families was founded near Zerpenschleuse by the bailiff Kienitz of the Friedrichsthal department , which received the bailiff's name. It was combined with Zerpenschleuse in 1920.

According to Fidicin, the Liebenwalde office also had certain rights in Schmachtenhagen and Wensickendorf . However, this could not be verified using the historical local dictionary.

In 1749 the remote Vorwerk Grimnitz (near Joachimsthal ), Grumsin (near Altkünkendorf , part of the city of Angermünde) and Mellin ( united with Parlow of the municipality of Friedrichswalde , Vorwerk later demolished) from the Liebenwalde department and assigned to a separate bailiff, and in 1756 the Grimnitz office became completely independent. In 1839 the new Rentamt Neustadt-Eberswalde was formed from the offices of Grimnitz and Chorin , which existed until 1872. In 1846 the Liebenwalde office appears under the rent offices.

In the further course of the history of the Grimnitz office, further settlements and farms were created on the official area, which give an idea of ​​the approximate extent of the original (Liebenwalder) official area. Another indication of the size of the original official area is the "standing, old interest rate" that the Liebenwalde office received from citizens of the following places in 1546 for the use of the Great Werbelliner Heide.

For felling and grazing

Interest for meadow use

  • Steinfurth ( Steinfurt ), of 24 inhabitants
  • Groß Schönebeck, of 7 inhabitants

Water rate

  • Gross Schönebeck
  • Golzow ( Goltze )
  • Steinfurth ( Steinfurt )
  • Altkünkendorf ( Kunikendorf )
  • Ringenwalde

In 1819 the Friedrichsthal office was dissolved and the administrative area was divided between the offices of Oranienburg , Alt Ruppin , Liebenwalde and Vehlefanz . The following came to the Liebenwalde office: Bernöwe (only part of the town came to the Liebenwalde office, the other part belonged to the Oranienburg office), Neuholland , Rehmate and Zehlendorf .

Officials (incomplete)

  • In 1491 Hanns Meynemer was bailiff
  • 1589 Heinrich v. Sandersleben
  • 1775 Johann Daniel von der Linde, councilor
  • 1798 Reiche, chamber councilor
  • 1800 Ms. Reiche, senior official. Assistant Mr. Assmann
  • 1804 Mrs. Reiche, senior official
  • 1818 Assmann, civil servant
  • 1821 Runde, civil servant
  • 1824 round, official
  • 1832 Runde, Oberamtmann
  • 1846 Runde, Oberamtmann

supporting documents

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. XII, 702 S., Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Corporation, Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (overview of the holdings of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, part 1, publication series: Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 ; 4.
  • Lieselott Enders (with the assistance of Margot Beck): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part VI, Barnim . 676 pp., Weimar 1980.
  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part II, Ruppin . 327 pp., Weimar 1972.
  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part III, Havelland . 452 pp., Weimar 1972.
  • Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis A. First main part or collection of documents on the history of spiritual foundations, the noble families, as well as the towns and castles of the Mark Brandenburg, XIII. Band, Die Uckermark: Lychen, Zehdenik, Templin, Angermünde, Chorin Monastery; Uckermark documents. Berlin, Reimer 1857 Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated CDB A XIII with the corresponding certificate number)
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map. Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin, Volume 7, 190 pp., Im Kommissionsverlag von Gsellius, Berlin, 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register. Berlin, Georg Decker Online at Google Books .
  2. ↑ a b Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1846. 812 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1846 (p. 305)
  3. ↑ CDB A XIII, No. 1, p. 151.
  4. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Lands and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (additional sheet stapled behind p. 72)
  5. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. 444 p., With an appendix, 94 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1798 Online at Google Books (p. 58)
  6. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1800. 459 p., Plus an appendix with 106 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1800 (p. 66)
  7. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1804. 528 p., With an appendix with 125 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1804 (p. 67)
  8. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. 459 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1818 (p. 188)
  9. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1821. 518 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1821 (p. 214)
  10. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1824. 498 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1824 (p. 182)
  11. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1832. 538 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1832 (p. 242)

Coordinates: 52 ° 52 '  N , 13 ° 24'  E