Mühlenbeck office

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Mühlenbeck office. Detail from the Urmes table sheet 3346 Berlin-Buchholz (1839)

The Mühlenbeck office was an electoral Brandenburg , later a royal Prussian domain office with its seat in Mühlenbeck ( Oberhavel district , Brandenburg ). The office was created in 1542 with the secularization of the Lehnin monastery properties . The Lehnin office was created to manage the core holdings of the monastery in Zauche and Havelland , and the Mühlenbeck office was created for the monastery properties around Wandlitz. After the Mühlenbeck office was dissolved in 1829, the associated places and works came to neighboring offices.

Geographical location

The Mühlenbeck office had its seat in Mühlenbeck, today part of the municipality of Mühlenbecker Land in the Oberhavel district. The associated administrative area was divided between the municipalities of Mühlenbecker Land (district of Oberhavel) and Wandlitz ( district of Barnim ) and the state of Berlin (administrative districts of Reinickendorf and Pankow ).

History and related places

The Brandenburg margraves Johann I and Otto III. 1242 sold a number of villages in Barnim to the in Zauche preferred Lehnin . Excluded from the sale were the services of the peasants and the duties that the margraves had reserved for themselves. The reasons for this purchase by the monastery, so far removed from the family estates in the Zauche, are not known. In the course of the following centuries, the monastery was able to acquire further goods and rights in addition to this complex of goods, for example the services and duties of some of the monastery villages. In 1542 the Lehnin monastery was abolished and the property secularized . The Amt Lehnin arose from the core property of the monastery in the Zauche around the monastery and the small property in Havelland. Other goods were sold or "appropriated". The lordly office of Mühlenbeck was formed from the property complex of the monastery in Barnim. The offices of Mühlenbeck and Mühlenhof came under the joint administration of a governor until the middle of the 18th century. In the first half of the 18th century, the governorship increasingly took the form of a benefice . Own officials have been handed down from the second half of the 18th century. From 1769–1775 the Mühlenbeck office was a model office in which English-style agriculture was practiced. At that time it was leased to the English farmer Christopher Brown. The Mühlenbeck office was dissolved in 1829 and the places and works belonging to the office were distributed to the neighboring offices of Oranienburg, Liebenwalde and Spandau.

  • Basdorf ( village ) (since 2003 a district of the Wandlitz community).
    The monastery had the court and other elevations here since at least 1302. However, Biesenthal Castle was entitled to bede and wagon services until 1476. It was not until 1476 that the Lehnin monastery was also able to acquire these rights. When the Lehnin monastery was secularized in 1542, Basdorf was assigned to the Mühlenbeck office and, when this office was dissolved, came to the Oranienburg office in 1829.
  • Bogen, tar furnace (received before 1829 and probably broken off, was located a little south of today's Bogensee residential area , municipality of Wandlitz).
    The area probably went to the Liebenwalde office along with Klosterfelde.
  • Buchholz (French) ( village ) (since the end of the 20th century a district in the Berlin administrative district of Pankow).
    In 1541 bought Elector Joachim II., "Hector" shares followed at the village of the noble family of Thümen, the later more parts. He placed these shares in the Mühlenbeck office, which in 1591 was already owned by two thirds of the village. The remaining third of the court came to the office in 1687, and a final portion, levies from a Fünfhüfner and a Kossaten , came from the Niederschönhausen office to the Mühlenbeck office in 1710. When the office was dissolved, the village was transferred to the Mühlenhof office.
  • Buchhorst ( colony ).
    In 1778, three double family houses were built and moved into in the Mühlenbeck office's vineyard field . In 1840 there were already 15 houses in the colony. Buchhorst came to the Oranienburg office in 1829.
  • Damms-Mühle ( watermill ) (since the beginning of the 21st century, Dammsmühle residential area in the Schönwalde district, Wandlitz municipality).
    In 1747a new watermill was builthere on the Tegeler Fließ between Mühlenteich and Mühlenbecker See by Mönchmüller A. Grüwel (at the location of an older mill?). In 1755 the new owner, the leather manufacturer Peter Friedrich Damm, expanded the grinding mill with a fulling mill . He had an orangery and a gardener's house added by 1759. In 1768 a two-storey palace-like building followed just a little south of the mill, which was converted into a castle by a later owner. The place came to the Office of Oranienburg in 1829.
  • Heiligensee ( village ) (since the 20th century a district in the Berlin district of Reinickendorf).
    In 1544, most of the village of Heiligensee was acquired by Bertram von Pfuel. A smaller part belonged (before) to the Kaland in Spandau and later to the Heilig-Geist-Hospital in Spandau. With the secularization of these two institutions, the title of ownership came to the Spandau office. When the Mühlenbeck office was dissolved, Heiligensee came completely to the Spandau office.
  • Klosterfelde ( village ) (since 2003 part of the Wandlitz community).
    Almost all of the margravial village came to the Lehnin monastery in 1242, with the exception of what the margraves had reserved for themselves. The right to occupy the Bede was initially pledged to the owners of Arnim and before 1480 came to the Liebenwalde office. Due to the secularization of the Lehnin monastery, most of the rights in the village came to the Mühlenbeck office. In 1829 when the Mühlenbeck office was dissolved, its rights were transferred to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Mönchmühle ( Mönche-Mühle, Wasser- und Windmühle ) (since the 21st century a place of residence in the municipality of Mühlenbecker Land).
    In 1242, Lehnin Monastery acquired Hennikes Molne along with numerous other villages on the Barnim . The identity with the monk mill mentioned in 1455 is not certain. The mill had two wheels. Mönchmühle came to the Mühlenbeck Office in 1542 and when it was dissolved in 1829 to the Oranienburg Office.
Monk mill
  • Mühlenbeck ( village and office ) (in the 21st century part of the community Mühlenbecker Land).
    The place came into the possession of the Lehnin monastery in 1415. In 1542 the new Mühlenbeck office was established in Mühlenbeck. The official seat was in the triangle formed by today's Bahnhofstrasse, Woltersdorfer Strasse and the railway line. When the office was dissolved, Mühlenbeck was assigned to the Oranienburg office.
  • Schildow (since the 21st century part of the municipality of Mühlenbecker Land).
    The Lehnin monastery acquired the village in 1476 from the Berlin citizen Brackow (or Markow). It came to the Mühlenbeck Office in 1542, after around 300 years (1745) it was transferred to the Niederschönhausen Office . The office Niederschönhausen was dissolved in 1811 and the associated villages were assigned to the office Mühlenhof .
  • Schönerlinde (since 2003 part of the Wandlitz community).
    In 1242, the Lehnin monastery largely acquired the rights to the original margravial village, with the exception of bede and carriage services. The right to take the Bede came back to the monastery in parts after a later pledge around 1427. The remaining parts of the elector came to the monastery in 1458. From 1542 the place was administered by the Mühlenbeck office, in 1652 the village was assigned to the Oranienburg office.
  • Schönwalde ( colonists' village ).
    In 1752 the office made the plan to settle 100  spinner families in 50 semi-detached houses in its area. The houses built for this purpose could be occupied from 1756. Schönerlinde was transferred to the Oranienburg office in 1829.
  • Schulzendorf ( colony and hereditary interest provision ) (since the 20th century location in the Berlin district of Berlin-Heiligensee ).
    The original location was in the area of ​​Ruppiner Chaussee 137-145. The colony came to the office with the village of Heiligensee. The administration settled six foreign families here. In 1829 Schulzendorf passed to the Spandau office.
  • Stolzenhagen ( village ) (since 2003 part of the municipality of Wandlitz).
    First half of the originally margravial village came into the possession of the Lehnin Monastery, later also (documented from 1375) the other half. Exceptions to this were the bede and wagon services, which were documented as early as 1505 to be paid to the Liebenwalde office. In 1542 the rights of the Lehnin monastery came to the Mühlenbeck office, in 1829 these went to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Humming ( Vorwerk and colony ) (since 21 century dwelling place of the community Mühlenbecker country).
    Around 1415, half of Summt belonged to the Lehnin monastery, the other half was owned by aristocrats. In 1475 the monastery sold half of it to the von Fahrenholz family. The interest and the fishing money were still to be paid to the monastery. The office of Niederschönhausen bought Summt in 1691. Around 1745 it went to the Mühlenbeck office, and in 1829 to the Oranienburg office.
  • Woltersdorf ( Waltersdorf, Kolonie ) (since the 21st century a place to live in the municipality of Mühlenbecker Land).
    The medieval, originally margravial village was sold to the Lehnin monastery in 1242. It fell desolate in the centuries that followed . By 1591, a few houses had been built here in which a Heidereiter (head forester), a fisherman, a wine master, a pond keeper and a cowherd lived. In 1793 there were six Büdner residents in the colony. In 1829 Woltersdorf came to the Oranienburg office.
  • Wandlitz ( Wandelitz, Dorf ) (since 2003 part of the municipality of the same name).
    In 1242, the Brandenburg margraves Johann I and Otto III sold. Wandlitz to the monastery Lehnin, but reserved their duties and services; these came to Biesenthal Castle . Bede and Dienst also came into the possession of the monastery until 1476. In 1542 Wandlitz was assigned to the Mühlenbeck office, and in 1829 to the Liebenwalde office.
  • Nackel (part of the municipality of Wusterhausen / Dosse ) and Vichel (part of the municipality of Temnitztal in the 21st century ) are said to have gone to the Mühlenbeck office as Lehnin monastery property in 1542, but to the von Pfuhl family in 1544 in exchange for Heiligensee . According to another source, the Lehnin Monastery had no property in either village. It is very likely that the authors were wrong here. In Nackel and Vichel, the Counts of Lindow owned houses which, after the fall of the Ruppin rule, fell to the Brandenburg Elector Joachim I, who formed the Alt Ruppin office from it . As early as 1551 (or as early as 1543: Bertram von Pfuhl was enfeoffed with the knight's seat in Vichel) the office exchanged ownership in Nackel and Vichel for the village of Heiligensee. According to the Adelslexicon of the Prussian monarchy , Nackel was owned by the von Pfuel family from 1544 to 1555.

Officials (selection)

  • 1715 Paul Anton von Kameke († 1717)
  • before 1731 Wilhelm Ernst Fink von Finkenstein
  • 1731–1739 Friedrich Amadeus von Milagsheim
  • after 1741 Adam Friedrich von Jeetze († 1762)
  • 1765 Bernhard Alexander von Düringshofen
  • 1769-1775 Christopher Brown
  • from 1776 Friedrich Wilhelm von Rohdich († 1796)
  • 1798 Joachimi, chief magistrate
  • 1804 Joachimi, chief magistrate
  • 1818 Kosmack, civil servant
  • 1824 Hollefreund, civil servant

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (in collaboration with Margot Beck, Barbara flag): public authorities and institutions in the territories Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz to 1808/16 (= overview of the stocks of the Brandenburg Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, part 1 = Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives, Volume 4). Böhlau, Weimar 1964, ISSN  0435-5946
  • Lieselott Enders (with the assistance of Margot Beck): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VI: Barnim . Weimar 1980.
  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part II: Ruppin . Weimar 1972 (hereinafter abbreviated to Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, with corresponding page number)
  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part III: Havelland . Weimar 1972.
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map (= individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the Reich capital Berlin, volume 7). In the commission publishing house von Gsellius, Berlin 1935.
  • Ortschafts = directory of the government district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical conditions, owner and address together with an alphabetical register . Georg Decker, Berlin Online at Google Books .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis . A. First main part or collection of documents on the history of the spiritual foundations, the noble families, as well as the towns and castles of the Mark Brandenburg. Volume X: Continuation of the Mittelmark documents. Castle and town of Plaue. Castle, town and monastery Ziesar, Leitzkau monastery. Golzow Castle and the von Rochow family. Lehnin Monastery. Mixed documents. Reimer, Berlin 1856 Online at Google Books , pp. 200–201
  2. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. 1829, online at Google Books , pp. 187-188
  3. ^ Beck et al .: Authorities and institutions. Page 231
  4. ↑ Ortschafts = directory ( historical local dictionary )
  5. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, pp. 182, 272.
  6. ^ Leopold von Ledebur: Adelslexicon of the Prussian monarchy . Rauh, 1856, p. 196.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Theodor Odebrecht: The governors of the Mühlenhof district in Berlin. In: George Gropius (Ed.): Contributions to the history of Berlin. No. 1, Berlin 1840, pp. 88-90 online at Google Books
  8. ^ Johann Conrad Peetz: Newly opened European state theater on which d. noblest states in Europe, now-living high persons by their name, title, birth, marriage, children, etc. their closest relatives. Johann Conrad Peetz, Regensburg 1731, online at Google Books , p. 279
  9. ↑ Adolf von Crousaz: History of the Royal Prussian Cadet Corps, based on its formation, its development and its results, with the highest approval and on behalf of the Cadet Corps, drawn from documented sources and systematically processed. Schindler, Berlin 1857, online at Google Books  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Supplement p. 6@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.books.google.de  
  10. ^ Anton Balthasar König : Biographical lexicon of all heroes and military people who made themselves famous in the Prussian service. Volume 1: AF. Arnold Weber, Berlin 1788, online at Google Books , p. 389
  11. ↑ Werner Kroker: Ways to spread technological knowledge between England and Germany in the second half of the 18th century. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1971, preview on Google Books  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Pp. 152-153@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.books.google.de  
  12. ^ Heinrich Kaak: Corporative manor and agricultural innovations in Prussia: the Order of St. John in his New Marks offices 1750-1811 (= Library of Brandenburg and Prussian History, Volume 13). BWV = Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-8305-3006-0 , preview at Google Books , p. 11
  13. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. George Decker, Berlin 1798, online at Google Books , p. 58
  14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1804. Georg Decker, Berlin 1804, p. 67
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. Georg Decker, Berlin 1818, p. 188
  16. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1824. Georg Decker, Berlin 1824, p. 182

Coordinates: 52 ° 40 '  N , 13 ° 23'  O