Eichhorst (Schorfheide)

Eichhorst municipality Schorfheide Coordinates: 52 ° 53 ′ 26 ″  N , 13 ° 38 ′ 13 ″  E
Height :	48 m above sea level NHN
Area :	3.58 km²
Residents :	432  (Dec. 30, 2018)
Population density :	121 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	December 30, 1997
Incorporated into:	Finowfurt
Postal code :	16244
Primaries :	03335, 033363
Location of Eichhorst in Brandenburg

Wildau district

Bison monument in the village center of Eichhorst, not far from the lock.

Campsite sweet angle

Eichhorst is part of the community of Schorfheide , which includes the locations Wildau and Rosenbeck . Eichhorst is located west of the Werbellink Canal , one of the oldest man-made waterways in Germany. Tourism is of great importance for the place, the long-distance cycle route Berlin – Usedom leads along the Werbellinkanal past Eichhorst and its districts.

history

In today's area of ​​Eichhorst, in the area of ​​the Askanier tower , there was a castle in the late Middle Ages, to which the oldest documentary evidence of Werbellin is based, a document dated 1247 "apud Warbellinum", with which the margraves Johann I and Otto III. issued a privilege for the Neustadt Salzwedel .

The actual settlement of the village of Eichhorst goes back to a letter from King Friedrich I of February 22, 1709, who instructed the Liebenwald chief hunter to build a paper mill based on the Dutch model. For this purpose construction timber was started in the area of ​​today's Eichhorst. Paper production started in 1711. Between 1761 and 1766 the Werbellin flow was expanded to the Werbellink Canal , with the establishment of a lock at the paper mill (paper mill lock) and another lock (Rosenbruch'sche or Rosenbeck'sche lock, lock on the Rosenbeck) at what is now Rosenbeck. In connection with this, the paper mills colonies (also Colonie Werbellin-Canal , 1768) and Rosenbeck were founded . In 1867, the mill was converted into a grinding and cutting mill on behalf of the Berlin timber merchant Franz Samuel Gerbitz , but the company went bankrupt a few years later. In 1877 its fourteen buildings were finally released for demolition and auctioned.

According to a royal decree of May 17, 1878, announced on June 11, 1878, the Rosenbeck colonies and the Werbelliner Canal Colony were merged under the name Eichhorst . In 1927 Wildau was connected, which previously belonged to the municipality of Grimnitz.

During the GDR era , a children's holiday camp was operated in the village .

In 1997 the community of Finowfurt emerged from the previously independent towns of Eichhorst, Finowfurt, Lichterfelde and Werbellin. In 2003 Finowfurt and Groß Schönebeck merged to form the community of Schorfheide.

Sights and culture

The Askanier Tower in Eichhorst

One of the most famous sights of Eichhorst is the Askanier Tower , which is located on the Werbellink Canal in Wildau. During excavation work in the 18th century, remnants of walls and weapons from the castle of the 13th / 14th century were found there. Century were assigned. The local poet Friedrich Brunhold from Joachimsthal suggested building a tower at this historic location. Prince Carl of Prussia took up this idea and commissioned the Eberswalde master builder Oskar Büschner with the execution. He designed the round tower made of field stone, a balcony and a brick crenellated crown . The tower was inaugurated in 1879. In the 1970s it had to be closed due to dilapidation. At the beginning of the new millennium, the tower was made accessible to visitors again.

In 1934, Hermann Göring inaugurated the bison monument , which was intended to commemorate the successes in breeding in his wild game reserve southwest of the Werbellinsee . The half-sculpture comes from the German sculptor Max Esser and was created in the ceramic workshop in Gildenhall . It shows the animal in attack position and below it quotes a verse from the Nibelungenlied : "According to this, Sivrit sluog sheer a bison and an elk, strong ure four and a grim schelch". Since a swastika and a dedication were affixed to the back of the memorial, the memorial was removed in 1958 and buried in the forest. In April 1990 the position in the forest could be determined. It was first secured and stored. After a detailed inventory and photo documentation, restorers restored the monument. In 1994 it was placed under monument protection; Reconstruction began in 1998 and was completed on November 29, 2001 with the inauguration.

An oak tree in the town center, estimated to be over 700 years old, is under nature protection. The trunk circumference is 6.74 m (2016).

The Ferienhof Bildungs ​​und Erholungswerk Barnim is located at Eberswalder Chaussee 14 .

On the outskirts of the district there is a campsite in the area of Süßer Winkel .

Personalities associated with Eichhorst

• Erich Kloss (1889–1964), children's, youth and nature book author

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population statistics . Schorfheide community, December 30, 2018, accessed January 22, 2019 . 
2. ^ Hans Joachim Fey, Reise und Herrschaft der Margrave von Brandenburg (1134-1319) , Böhlau, Cologne 1981 (= Mitteldeutsche Forschungen, 84), p. 1217
3. ↑ For the history of the Werbelliner paper mill, see Friedrich von Hößle, The so-called Dutch paper mill on the Werbellin Canal (old paper mills of Brandenburg) , in: Der Papierfabrikant 1933 pp. 500–501
4. ↑ Frauke Gränitz (ed.), To Eberswalde, Chorin and the Werbellinsee: A regional study in the area of ​​Eberswalde, Hohenfinow and Joachimsthal , 2nd verb. Aufl. Böhlau, Cologne 2008 (= landscapes in Germany, values ​​of the German homeland, 64), p. 94; Heinrich Berghaus: Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz, Volume 1, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1854, p. 414
5. ↑ Founding date 1768 according to Gerhard Schlimpert, Die Ortsnames des Barnim , Böhlau, Weimar 1984 (= Brandenburgisches Namenbuch, Part 5), p. 326; Heinrich Berghaus, Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg ... 1854, p. 453, instead gives 1766.
6. ^ Ivo Franz, Historical sawing industry in Brandenburg: Development from 1850 to 1990 , Diplomica Verlag, Hamburg 2009, p. 31, according to Karin Friese, Papierfabriken im Finowtal: The history of paper mills and paper mills from the 16th to the 20th century , Museum der Adler Pharmacy, Eberswalde 2000, p. 64
7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin , born in 1878, Item 25 (June 21, 1878), p. 204b
8. ↑ Information board : Eichhorst - Wisentdenkmal , placed on the memorial, April 2017.
9. ↑ Wisentdenkmal on gemeinde-schorfheide.de ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 18, 2012 
10. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017
11. ^ Description of the holiday farm , accessed on February 5, 2015
12. ↑ Website with brief information on family camping in Eichhorst , accessed on April 20, 2011

Web links

Commons : Eichhorst  - Collection of Images

• Eichhorst district on the website of the municipality of Schorfheide
• Report about Eichhorst in the RBB program Landschleicher on August 29, 2010